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Analysis of Biomaterial Addition’s Effect on Physiochemical Properties of Surgical Threads
No full textBenang jahit bedah merupakan biomaterial polimer yang lazim digunakan untuk menjahit jaringan pasca tindakan bedah. Tujuan utama penggunaan benang jahit bedah adalah menahan apposing jaringan bersama untuk memfasilitasi dan mempercepat proses penyembuhan dengan sedikit atau tanpa menimbulkan bekas luka. Seiring perkembangan zaman, dibutuhkan benang jahit dengan standar kualitas yang tinggi. Secara umum, benang operasi digolongkan menjadi dua jenis, yaitu benang yang dapat diserap (absorbable) dan yang tidak dapat diserap oleh tubuh (non-absorbable). Istilah “absorbable” mempunyai arti kemampuan untuk diabsorbsi (diserap), didegradasi (dipecah), baik sebagian atau seluruhnya oleh jaringan tubuh setelah diaplikasikan. Adapun beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam aplikasi benang jahit bedah adalah kekuatan mekanik dan biokompatibilitas benang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh penambahan biomaterial terhadap sifat fisiokimia dari benang bedah.
Sifat fisiokimia yang diperhatikan dalam penelitian kali ini meliputi sifat mekanis, gugus fungsi menggunakan fourier transform infrared (FTIR), sifat termal menggunakan Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), dan morfologi permukaan scanning electron microcopy (SEM) sampel. Penambahan selulosa kedalam kolagen memiliki potensi terbesar dalam kenaikan kuat tarik sebesar sebesar 248%. Potensi terbesar kenaikan modulus young sebesar 157.14% dapat dicapai dengan menambahkan poliuretana. Peningkatan kuat tarik dan modulus young berdampak pada menurunnya elongasi dari sampel itu sendiri. Penambahan sutra memiliki pengaruh terbesar dalam peningkatan elongasi, yaitu 94.22%. Selain sifat mekanis, penambahan biomaterial juga mempengaruhi gugus fungsi dengan bergesernya bilangan gelombang atau hilangnya gugus fungsi. Perubahan sifat termal dan morfologi dari sampel menjadi indikasi adanya reaksi yang mempengaruhi sifat fisiokimia.Surgical suture threads are polymer biomaterials that are commonly used to suture tissue after surgery. The primary purpose of using surgical sutures is to hold the apposing tissue together to facilitate and speed up the healing process with little or no scarring. Along with the times, sewing threads with high quality standards are needed. In general, surgical sutures
are classified into two types, namely those that can be absorbed (absorbable) and those that cannot be absorbed by the body (non-absorbable). The term "absorbable" means the ability to be absorbed (absorbed), degraded (broken down), either partially or completely by body tissues after being applied. Several things need to be considered in the application of surgical sutures, namely the mechanical strength and biocompatibility of the thread. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of adding biomaterials to the physiochemical properties of surgical sutures.
Physiochemical properties that are considered in this research include mechanical properties, functional groups using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal properties using Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), and surface morphology of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) samples. The addition of cellulose to collagen has the greatest potential in increasing the tensile strength by 248%. The greatest potential for increasing the young’s modulus of 157.14% can be achieved by adding polyurethane. The increase in tensile strength and young’s modulus has an impact on decreasing the elongation of the sample itself. The addition of silk had the biggest effect in increasing the elongation, namely 94.22%. Apart from mechanical properties, the addition of biomaterials also affects functional groups by shifting the wavenumbers or the loss of functional groups. Changes in the thermal and morphological properties of the sample are an indication of a reaction that affects the physicochemical properties
Reliability Evaluation of Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) Model Output in Predicting Extreme Rainfall
No full textKejadian cuaca/iklim ekstrem dapat memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kehidupan manusia, seperti curah hujan ekstrem yang dapat mengakibatkan bencana hidrometeorologi. Karakteristik curah hujan yang berbeda-beda menyebabkan perbedaan nilai ambang batas curah hujan ekstrem pada setiap daerah. Informasi prediksi kejadian curah hujan ekstrem diperlukan untuk mengurangi dampak kerugian. Pada penelitian ini, data model prediksi S2S diuji pada wilayah yang memiliki pola hujan monsunal yaitu Kabupaten Bandung dan Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keandalan data luaran-luaran model S2S dalam memprediksi kejadian curah hujan ekstrem. Nilai ambang batas curah hujan ekstrem ditentukan dengan metode peak over threshold. Nilai threshold (u) dihitung dengan metode persentil ke-95 dan metode persentil ke-99 untuk u-95 dan u-99, berturut-turut. Teknik koreksi bias statistik distribution mapping digunakan pada data model S2S untuk mengoreksi bias distribusi yang terdapat pada model. Berdasarkan hasil analisis metode peak over threshold diketahui bahwa u- 95 dan u- 99 dapat dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan nilai ambang batas curah hujan ekstrem dengan melihat sebaran data ekstrem mengikuti distribusi generalized pareto. Luaran model S2S memiliki akurasi yang berbeda pada setiap stasiun pengamatan dan setiap threshold curah hujan ekstrem. Prediksi luaran model S2S pada u-95 menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dalam memprediksi curah hujan ekstrem daripada u-99. Luaran model UKMO menunjukkan hasil evaluasi yang lebih baik dibanding model lainnya berdasarkan batasan ekstrim u-95.Extreme weather/climate events could cause a significant impact on human life, such as extreme rainfall that can cause hydrometeorological hazards. Different precipitation characteristics cause diverse extreme rainfall threshold in every region. Information on prediction of extreme rainfall events is needed to reduce the negative impact. In this study, the S2S prediction model outputs are tested in two regions that has monsoonal rainfall pattern, i.e., Bandung Regency and Garut Regency. This study aims to evaluate the bias-corrected S2S prediction model outputs in predicting extreme rainfall events in those regions. The threshold value for extreme rainfall is obtained by using the peak over threshold method. The threshold value (u) were calculated using the 95th percentile method and the 99th percentile method for u-95 and u-99, respectively. A statistical bias correction technique, namely distribution mapping method was used to correct the distribution bias contained in the S2S model outputs. Based on the analysis of the peak over threshold method, the u-95 and u-99 could be used in determining the threshold value of extreme rainfall events that followed the generalized pareto distribution. This study shows that the S2S prediction model outputs have different accuracy for each observation station and extreme rainfall threshold. The prediction of S2S model output using u-95 threshold shows better results in predicting extreme rainfall events rather than using u-99 threshold. The output of the UKMO model shows better evaluation results than other models based on the extreme threshold u-95
Feed Analysis of Javan Rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus sondaicus) Using Chloroplast maturase K (matK) gene Barcode DNA markers
No full textBadak jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus sondaicus) merupakan salah satu satwa
yang ada di Indonesia yang kini keberadaannya terancam punah dan diperkirakan
jumlahnya kurang lebih 62 individu pada tahun 2013, dan saat ini hanya dapat
ditemukan di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon (TNUK), Banten. Saat ini, faktor pakan
badak jawa menjadi hal yang krusial bagi keberlangsungan hidup spesies tersebut
karena luasan serta kualitas pakannya sangat terancam karena adanya kerusakan
hutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan informasi pakan badak jawa secara
tepat dan aktual melalui proses barcoding DNA tumbuhan dari feses badak jawa
yang telah dikoleksi dari TNUK, Banten. DNA total didapatkan dari 10 sampel
feses badak jawa dan 10 tumbuhan yang diduga sebagai pakan badak jawa. PCR
dilakukan dengan menggunakan primer spesifik tumbuhan marka matK. Analisis
sekuen yang didapat di BLAST-n kemudian diolah menggunakan MEGA 7 untuk
dilihat identitas dan kekerabatannya. Hasil analisis 10 sampel feses mendapatkan
Leea coccinea dari famili Vitaceae diduga sebagai pakan favorit badak jawa.
Sumber pakan lainnya adalah tumbuhan Terminalia guyanensis (Combretaceae),
Morus celtidifolia (Moraceae), dan Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae). Dari 10 sampel
tumbuhan diduga pakan badak jawa salah satu diantaranya yaitu sampel tumbuhan
sulangkar (Leea indica) memiliki jarak genetik yang paling dekat dengan sampel
feses yang teridentifikasi sebagai Leea coccinea yaitu perbedaannya berkisar 1.59–
1.71% (0.0159–0.0171). Hal ini menunjukkan sulangkar (Leea indica) diduga
sebagai pakan favorit badak jawa. Ketidakcocokan tersebut diduga belum
terdapatnya database sulangkar (Leea indica) di GenBank.The Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus sondaicus) is one of the animals
in Indonesia which is now threatened with extinction. It was estimated that its
number was around 62 individuals in 2013, and currently can only be found in
Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten. At present, the Javan rhino forage is crucial
for the survival of this species because the area and quality of its food are seriously
threatened due to forest destruction. The purpose of this study was to provide
accurate and actual information on Javan rhino food through the process of
barcoding plant DNA from Javan rhino faeces that had been collected from Ujung
Kulon National Park, Banten. Total DNA was obtained from 10 Javan rhino faeces
and 10 plants suspected of being Javan rhino feed. PCR was performed using
specific primers for the matK marker plant. Sequence analysis obtained in BLASTn was then processed using MEGA 7 to see its identity and kinship. The results of
the analysis of 10 stool samples found Leea coccinea from the Vitaceae family,
which is thought to be the favorite food of Javan rhinos. Other food sources are
Terminalia guyanensis (Combretaceae), Morus celtidifolia (Moraceae), and
Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae). From 10 of the plant samples, Leea indica had a
genetic distance that was very close to the fecal samples identified as ranging from
1.59-1.71% (0.0159-0.0171). This shows that the sulangkar, (Leea indica) is
thought to be the Javan rhino's favorite food. This discrepancy is thought to have
not yet existed in the sulangkar (Leea indica) database at GenBank
Market Structure and Competitiveness of Indonesian Natural Rubber in the United States
No full textKaret alam Indonesia berperan penting untuk meningkatkan perekonomian nasional melalui ekspor karet alam ke berbagai negara, termasuk Amerika Serikat. Indonesia perlu melakukan identifikasi posisi dan daya saing karet alam di antara negara pesaing serta peluang pasarnya ke Amerika Serikat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis struktur pasar, keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif karet alam Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat. Analisis dilakukan pada periode tahun 2008 dan 2019 melalui metode Herfindahl Index (HI), Concentration Ratio (CR4), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), dan Diamond’s Porter. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa struktur pasar karet alam Indonesia adalah monopoli dan cenderung sedikit oligopoli. Dibandingkan dengan negara-negara eksportir lainnya, karet alam Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif di pasar Amerika Serikat dengan nilai RCA>1. Keunggulan kompetitif karet alam Indonesia di Amerika Serikat mengalami penurunan dari posisi lost opportunity pada periode pertama (2008-2011) menjadi retreat pada periode ketiga (2016-2019). Hasil dari Diamond’s Porter menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tujuh faktor keunggulan kompetitif dan tiga faktor kelemahan dalam industri karet alam di Indonesia.Indonesian natural rubber plays a significant role in improving the national economy by exporting natural rubber to various countries, including the United States. Indonesia must identify its natural rubber position and competitiveness among competing countries and market opportunities in the US. This study aims to analyze the market structure, comparative advantage and competitiveness of Indonesian natural rubber in the US market. The analysis was carried out in the period 2008 and 2019 through methods, including Herfindahl Index (HI), Concentration Ratio (CR4), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), and Diamond's Porter. The analysis found that the natural rubber market structure in Indonesia is monopolistic and tends to be oligopolistic. Compared to other exporting countries, Indonesian natural rubber has comparative advantage in the US market, as indicated by the RCA>1. The competitiveness of Indonesian natural rubber in the US decline overtime from the lost opportunity position in the first period (2008-2011) to retreat in the third period (2016-2019). The diamond's porter results show that there are seven competitive advantage factors and three weakness factors in Indonesia's natural rubber industry
Seed Growth Response 17 Varieties of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) in The Saline Environment.
No full textCabai rawit (Capsicum frustescens L.) adalah rempah penting Indonesia dalam menu sehari-hari dan bahan dalam industri makanan sehingga fluktuasi suplai dapat menyebabkan fluktuasi harga cabai rawit di pasar. Untuk memenuhi peningkatan permintaan, perlu dilakukan ekstensifikasi ke lahan marjinal seperti tanah salin yang makin luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons morfologi dari 17 varietas cabai rawit terhadap kondisi salin selama masa pembibitan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Oktober sampai Desember 2019 di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan Bawah menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama yang digunakan adalah salinitas yang terdiri dari dua perlakuan, yaitu konsentrasi 0 g L-1 dan 5 g L-1, dan faktor kedua adalah varietas yang terdiri dari 17 varietas meliputi Pulaipila Putih, Pulaipila Hijau, Genie, Canon, Rinta F1, Sigantung, Kara, Bhaskara, Bonita, Sona, Tripang, Merapi, Catas, Lojana, Segana, Taruna, dan CR14. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa cekaman salinitas menghambat pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit yang terlihat dalam tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun, bobot tanaman, dan jumlah tanaman mati. Berdasarkan analisis ragam, tidak terdapat interaksi signifikan antara perlakuan cekaman salin dengan varietas cabai rawit. Hal tersebut menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan respons dari varietas yang diuji dengan kondisi salinitas.Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is an important Indonesian spices, that used in daily menu and as ingredient in food industry as well, therefore fluctuation in supply caused price fluctuation in the market. In order to fulfill the increase demand, extensification to marginal land such as salin soil is necessary. The research aimed to elucidate morphological response of 17 varieties of cayenne pepper to salin condition during seedling stage. This experiment was conducted from October to December 2019 at Cikabayan Bawah Research Station Greenhouse, using completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor used in this research is salinity that consist of 2 levels, which is 0 g L-1 and 5 g L-1 concentration, and second factor is variety that consist of 17 genotype of Pulaipila Putih, Pulaipila Hijau, Genie, Canon, Rinta F1, Sigantung, Kara, Bhaskara, Bonita, Sona, Tripang, Merapi, Catas, Lojana, Segana, Taruna, and CR14. The result of this research showed that salinity stress inhibit seedling vegetative growth which could be seen in plant height, number of leaves, leaves length and width, plant weight, and number of dead plant. Based on analysis of variance, there are no significant interaction between salinity condition and varieties treatment, thats indicate that no response difference of varieties to salinity condition
Financial Feasibility Study of Bukit Cianten, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park
No full textWisata Bukit Cianten merupakan wisata alam yang berada dalam zona pemanfaatan Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak. Wisata Bukit Cianten dikelola oleh kelompok masyarakat pecinta alam Desa Purasari yang bekerja sama dengan Koperasi Karyawan Halimun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi komponen-komponen biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk pengembangan usaha Wisata Bukit Cianten dan menganalisis kelayakan usaha Wisata Bukit Cianten melalui aspek finansial menggunakan metode Discounted Cash Flow dengan kriteria Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Berdasarkan hasil analisis finansialWisata Bukit Cianten tidak layak untuk dijalankan. Analisis switching value menunjukkan bahwa Wisata Bukit Cianten dapat diupayakan untuk menjadi usaha yang layak dengan peningkatan alokasi biaya maksimal 4,99%, misalnya untuk kegiatan promosi. Kegiatan promosi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan sebesar 31%.Bukit Cianten is a natural tourism which is located in the utilization zone of
the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park. Bukit Cianten managed by Purasari
village community of nature lovers in collaboration with the Cooperative Staff of
Halimun. The purpose of this research is to identify cost components of Bukit
Cianten business development and to analyze the financial feasibility of Bukit
Cianten using Discounted Cash Flow method based on the criteria of Net Present
Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR).
Based on the results of financial analysis, Bukit Cianten is not feasible. Switching
value analysis shows that Bukit Cianten can be attempted to be a feasible business
if there is an enhacement of cost in the amount of 4,99%, for example a promotion
activities. Promotion activities are expected to increase 31% of the profit
Correlation of Water Level with Hotspots as Indicator of Peatland Fires in Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan
No full textKubu Raya merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Kalimantan Barat yang sering terjadi kebakaran hutan dan lahan setiap musim kemarau karena didominasi lahan gambut yang rentan terbakar. Parameter kunci dalam pengelolaan gambut yaitu tinggi muka air (TMA). Penurunan TMA menyebabkan kelembaban gambut menurun sehingga menjadi kering dan mudah terbakar saat bulan kemarau. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis korelasi hotspot dengan curah hujan, hotspot dengan TMA, dan curah hujan dengan TMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan data curah hujan harian dari BMKG, data hotspot dari MODIS LAPAN, serta data TMA dari Badan Restorasi Gambut. Analisis data melalui uji korelasi bivariate menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 564 hotspot di Kabupaten Kubu Raya periode Februari 2019 hingga Februari 2020. Uji menunjukkan curah hujan dengan hotspot tidak memiliki korelasi namun memiliki arah korelasi negatif, bahwa penurunan curah hujan diikuti kenaikan hotspot. Uji korelasi curah hujan dengan TMA memiliki korelasi rendah dengan arah positif, bahwa kenaikan curah hujan diikuti kenaikan TMA. Sementara itu tidak ditemukan korelasi antara TMA dengan hotspot Kecamatan Sungai Ambawang dan Sungai Raya.Kubu Raya is one of the regencies in West Kalimantan that often occurs forest and land fires every dry season because it is dominated by peatlands that are vulnerable to burning. A key parameter in peat management is water level (TMA). The decrease in TMA causes peat moisture to decrease so that it becomes dry and flammable during the dry month. This study aims to analyze the correlation of hotspots with rainfall, hotspots with TMA, and precipitation with TMA. This study used daily rainfall data from BMKG, hotspot data from MODIS LAPAN, as well as TMA data from peat restoration agency. Data analysis through bivariate correlation test using SPSS. The results of the study found 564 hotspots in Kubu Raya Regency in the period February 2019 to February 2020. Tests showed rainfall with hotspots had no correlation but had a negative correlation direction, that decreased rainfall followed by a rise in hotspots. The rainfall correlation test with TMA has a low correlation with the positive direction, that the increase in rainfall followed by the increase in TMA. Meanwhile, there was no correlation between TMA and hotspots in Sungai Ambawang and Sungai Raya subdistricts
The Effect of Sheep Manure and B8 Decomposer on Compost Quality
No full textBahan organik mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah, sehingga dapat menjaga fungsi tanah sebagai media pertumbuhan tanaman. Jerami padi, brangkasan jagung dan batang pisang merupakan limbah pertanian yang potensial untuk dijadikan bahan utama pembuatan kompos. Kualitas bahan kompos menentukan laju dekomposisi bahan kompos. Dalam proses pengomposan sering ditambahkan dekomposer, sebagai agen untuk mempercepat proses dekomposisi. Tujuan percobaan pengomposan ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh kotoran domba dan pengurai B8 terhadap kualitas kompos dari jerami padi, brangkasan jagung, dan batang pisang. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan IPB, Dramaga Bogor. Proses pengomposan dilakukan secara aerob. Seberat 15 kg bahan campuran jerami padi, brangkasan jagung dan batang pisang dengan perbandingan 2:2:1 digunakan untuk bahan utama pengomposan untuk setiap satuan percobaan. Perlakuan percobaan pengomposan meliputi kontrol (tanpa kotoran domba dan B8), standar (ditambah 3 kg kotoran domba, tanpa B8), D1 (tanpa kotoran domba, ditambah B8 25 ml), D2 (tanpa kotoran domba, ditambah B8 50 ml), DoD1 (ditambah 3 kg kotoran domba dan B8 25 ml), dan DoD2 (ditambah 3 kg kotoran domba dan B8 50 ml). Semua perlakuan ditambahkan 300 g urea, dibasahi, dibalik dan diaduk setiap 3 minggu. Tumpukan kompos dipertahankan lembabannya selama proses pengomposan. Pengamatan suhu kompos dilakukan setiap minggu mulai minggu ke-1 hingga minggu ke-12 dengan menancapkan termometer kompos ke dalam tumpukan kompos. Pengambilan contoh kompos dilakukan pada 0, 4, 8, dan 12 minggu pengomposan. Uji kualitas kompos didasarkan pada sifat kimiawi kompos yang meliputi kadar C-organik, N, dan S. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kotoran domba dan dekomposer B8 berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar N, kadar S, nisbah C/N dan C/S, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar C organik. Kualitas kompos terbaik ditemukan pada perlakuan DoD2 dengan nilai C-organik 29,9%, kadar N 1,9%, kadar S 1,2%, nisbah C/N 16,1, dan nisbah C/S 24,7, meskipun secara statistik perlakuan DoD2 dan DoD1 tidak berbeda nyata. Kata kunci : Nisbah C/N, dekomposisi, unsur hara, komposOrganic matter affects the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, therefore it can maintain soil function as a medium for plant growth. Rice straw, corn stover and banana stalks are potential agricultural waste to be used as the main material for composting. The quality of the compost material determines the rate of decomposition of the compost material. In the composting process, a decomposer is often added, as an agent to speed up the decomposition process. The purpose of this composting trial was to study the effect of sheep dung and decomposer B8 on the quality of compost from rice straw, corn stover, and banana stalks. The trial was carried out at the Cikabayan Experimental Station IPB, Dramaga Bogor. The composting process is carried out aerobically. A mixture of 15 kg of rice straw, corn stalk and banana stalks with a ratio of 2: 2: 1 is used for the main composting material for each trial unit. The trial treatments were Control (without sheep dung and B8), Standard (added 3kg sheep dung, without B8), D1 (without sheep dung but added B8 25 ml), D2 (without sheep dung but added B8 50 ml) , DoD1 (added 3 kg sheep dung and B8 25 ml), and DoD2 (added 3 kg sheep dung and B8 50 ml). All treatments were added with 300 g urea and moistened with 7.5 l water for the first, and reversed and stirred every 3 weeks. The compost pile is kept moist during the composting process. Compost temperature observations are carried out every week from week 1 to 12 by inserting the compost thermometer in the compost pile. Compost sampling was carried out at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of composting. The compost quality test is based on the chemical properties of compost which includes levels of C-organic, N, and S. The trial results showed that the treatment of sheep dung and decomposer B8 had a significant effect on N content, S content, ratio of C/N and C/S, but had no significant effect on organic C levels. The best quality compost was found in the DoD2 treatment with a C-organic value of 29,9%, an N content of 1,9%, an S content of 1,2%, a C/N ratio of 16,1, and a C/S ratio of 24,7, however statistically the DoD2 and DoD1 treatments were not significantly different. Key words: C/N ratio, decomposition, nutrients, compos
Pendekatan Sederhana dan Lugas dalam Pemetaan Sawah Menggunakan Data SAR Multitemporal Sentinel-1
No full textSentinel-1 sensor capable to provide temporally dense and open access data is a candidate platform for rice monitoring. The objective of this study was to exploit Sentinel-1 C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) multitemporal imagery to detect and to map rice cropping areas of Cianjur, Indonesia, through (1) learning backscattering behavior over rice fields; and (2) generating rice area maps via several thresholding combinations. Layer manipulation (r.series aggregate operation) and RGB false-color composite images were constructed to better visualize the separability of rice areas among other types of land utilization. The result shows an averaged accuracy of about 82% with the highest accuracy of 85.6% using maximum and minimum backscatter coefficient thresholds on VH polarization. It is, therefore, concluded that a simple, straightforward approach could be beneficial for a specific task while minimizing the computational burden for further broad-scale implementation
Keanekaragaman dan Tingkat Parasitisasi Parasitoid Plutella xylostella dan Crocidolomia pavonana (Studi Pustaka)
Full text linkKubis (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura penting dan memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan produksi kubis adalah adanya serangan hama tanaman yang dapat mengurangi kualitas dan kuantitas hasil panen. Plutella xylostella and Crocidolomia pavonana merupakan hama penting pada pertanaman kubis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang keanekaragaman parasitoid pada P. xylostella dan C. pavonana serta tingkat parasitisasinya yang telah dilaporkan dalam beberapa penelitian. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kajian pustaka yang berhubungan dengan parasitoid pada P. xylostella and C. pavonana. Sumber pustaka dicari melalui internet, yaitu Google, Google Schoolar, Researchgate dan sumber pustaka lain yang relevan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelusuran pustaka menunjukkan terdapat lima famili dari Ordo Hymenoptera yang dilaporkan menjadi parasitoid pada P. xylostella. Lima famili tersebut adalah Braconidae, Eulophidae, Chalcididae, Ichneumonidae dan Trichogrammatidae, dengan total 46 spesies parasitoid. Hasil penelusuran pustaka menunjukkan terdapat tiga famili dari Ordo Hymenoptera dan satu famili dari Ordo Diptera yang dilaporkan menjadi parasitoid pada C. pavonana. Famili dari Ordo Hymenoptera tersebut adalah Braconidae, Ichneumonidae dan Trichogrammatidae dan famili dari Ordo Diptera adalah Tachinidae. Sebanyak 12 spesies parasitoid dilaporkan telah memarasit C. pavonana.Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) is an important vegetable
commodity and has a high economic value in Indonesia. One of the declining
factors in cabbage production is the attack of plant pests which can reduce the
quality and quantity of the yields. Plutella xylostella and Crocidolomia pavonana
are the main pests in cabbage cultivation. This study aims to summarize
information about the diversity of parasitoids in P. xylostella and C. pavonana as
well as the level of parasitization that has been reported in several studies. The
research method used was literature review related to parasitoids on P. xylostella
and C. pavonana. Library sources searched through the internet include Google,
Google Schoolar, Researchgate and other literature sources relevant to this
research. The results of literature search show that there were five families of the
Order Hymenoptera which were reported to be P. xylostella parasitoid. The five
families were Braconidae, Eulophidae, Chalcididae, Ichneumonidae and
Trichogrammatidae, with a total of 46 parasitoid species. The literature search
results on the parasitoid of C. pavonana show that there were three families of the
Order Hymenoptera and one family of the Order Diptera which were reported to
be parasitoid of C. pavonana. The families of the Order Hymenoptera were
Braconidae, Ichneumonidae and Trichogrammatidae and the family of the Order
Diptera was Tachinidae. A total of 12 parasitoid species were reported to
parasitize C. pavonana