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Serotonin Level and Lipid Metabolism Indices in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation Against the Background of Various Degrees of Obesity
Get PDFRecent research shows that the number of diseases associated with obesity has been increasing. In obese persons, association with functional constipation is noted in 24.0% of cases, and obesity is recorded in 60.0% of patients with functional constipation. Among the possible mechanisms for the development of such a combination are changes in serotonin level in the blood, although the existing data are ambiguous and sometimes controversial.The objective of the study is to investigate the changes in serotonin level in the blood of obese patients in combination with constipation and its relationship with the lipid profile of the blood.Materials and methods. 63 patients with obesity in combination with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBSc), 24 patients with normal body mass index and 10 practically healthy people were examined. 25 patients with obesity and constipation had a body mass index of 32.8±0.24kg/m2, 28 patients – 37.8±kg/m2, and 10 patients – 42.6±0.5kg/m2. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome without obesity, the body mass index was 21.7±0.4kg/m2. The blood serotonin level and lipid profile of the blood was determined in all patients.Results. It was deermined that in case of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, serotonin level in the blood was reduced. In obesity with IBSc, the concentration of serotonin, on the contrary, was elevated. All patients with IBSc and obesity were marked an elevated level of total cholesterol and triglycerides. A direct correlation between high levels of triglycerides and serotonin concentration in serum of such comorbid patients was detected. The increase in the degree of obesity in the presence of IBSc was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of cholesterol of high density lipoprotein. Patients with IBSc without excessive body weight had no such deviations.Conclusions. With an increase in the degree of obesity, serotonin level in the blood increases and the lipid blood spectrum worsens
Endometriosis: A Clinical Enigma
Get PDFEndometriosis has been defined as the presence of endometrial tissue (gland and stroma) outside the inner lining of the endometrium. The lesion has been associated with debilitating and bizarre clinical features and in the absence of histopathologic assessment may result in severe consequences to the patient. Specifically, albeit rare, there is the possibility of malignant transformation. Therefore, this presentation on endometriosis as an unusual occurrence is of ardent import to health personnel, especially as regard to the requirements for in-depth intra/interdisciplinary consultation in general and the role of the pathologist, specifically in management of cases.Materials and methods. This was the case of a 30-year-old self-employed nulliparous female who was referred from a secondary health facility due to abdominal swelling of eight-month duration. The swelling was progressive and associated with an unproductive cough, chest pain, weight loss and dysmenorrhoea. The patient was subjected to clinical examination, haematologic review, radiologic assessment and histopathologic investigations.Results. The examination revealed dull percussion notes, reduced air entry into both right and left thoracic lung fields with bilateral crepitations in both lung fields. The abdomen was distended with massive ascitic fluid. The patient was stabilized and, consequently, an exploratory laparotomy demonstrated endometrial glands in the follicular phase with the associated stroma in the right ovaries. In sections of the omentum, there were endometrial glands and stroma, some of them were cystically dilated, filled with fluid and cellular debris in their lumen. Contribution to knowledge. This study has established the existence of endometriosis in a woman in her reproductive years further substantiating the multiple distribution presentation, debilitating nature and the role of histopathologic input in management of this lesion.
Diffuse Nontoxic Goiter in Children and Its Impact on Dental Pathology
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to assess the thyroid status of children with diffuse nontoxic goiter and its effect on dental pathology depending on age.Materials and methods. Clinical observation of 226 children at the age of 12-15 years was conducted. To analyze their thyroid status, serum levels of total thyroxine, free thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, and thyroid stimulating hormone were determined using enzyme immunoassay. The following thyroid indices were calculated for the integral estimation of the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system: the peripheral inversion index (total triiodothyronine/total thyroxine), the integral index (total triiodothyronine + total thyroxine/thyroid stimulating hormone) and the indices of thyroid stimulating hormone/total triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone/total thyroxine. Their dental status was determined by means of standard indices recommended by the World Health Organization.Conclusions. In children with euthyroid enlargement of the thyroid gland, there were detected changes in the thyroid status within the reference range. According to the direction of changes in the most indices, dysthyroidism is characterized by the reduced thyroid function that can affect metabolic processes in the body, including the dentofacial system, as evidenced by significantly worse indices of the intensity of damage to hard dental tissues and periodontal tissues in children with diffuse nontoxic goiter
Evaluation of Periodontal Tissues Condition in Undergraduate Medical Students with Different Anxiety Levels
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the level of anxiety with periodontal tissue lesions in undergraduate students at a medical university. Observations were performed by medical students of the second year of study. There was used H. Ayzenko’s questionnaire to determine the level of personal anxiety. The evaluation of the condition of periodontal tissues was performed using the appropriate indexes: the papillary-marginal-alveolar index, the periodontal index, the Schiller-Pisarev’s test (Svrakov’s iodine number), and sulcus bleeding index. The results of the study showed a direct dependence of the manifestation of periodontal tissue diseases on the level of psycho-emotional stress. Analyzing the PMA index it was noted that the higher level of anxiety, the higher number of this index and, accordingly, the more distinct signs of inflammation are clear: with low level – 4.63±2.58%, with an average level – 28.42±1.29% and at a high level – 41.6±2.46%. The quantitative significance of the periodontal index also depends on the degree of anxiety in the students: the lowest rate was in the students of group І with a low level of anxiety (0.15±0.08); the indices of groups ІІ and ІІІ are 0.97±0.04 and 1.35±0.07 respectively. The Schiller-Pisarev’s test showed that the higher anxiety level of students has the higher number of this index. Analyzing the data of index of gum’s bleeding, there was observed an increase in it, depending on the degree of anxiety (p<0.001)
Diagnostics and Minimally Invasive Surgery for Achalasia Cardia
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to assess the effectiveness of balloon pneumatic dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy in treatment of patients with achalasia cardia.
Materials and methods. Twenty-one patients with achalasia cardia were examined and treated using pneumatic balloon dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy in the Department of Surgery from January 2016 to April 2018. There were 8 (38.1%) men and 13 (61.9%) women at the age of 28 to 75 years (the average age was (51.47 ± 3.63) years) and disease duration of 1 month to 8 years (the average disease duration was (3.05 ± 0.49) years).
Results and discussion. With the help of radiological methods of examination, all the patients were divided into 4 groups according to the esophageal diameter: Group I included 5 (23.8%) patients with the esophagus up to 4-5 cm in diameter; Group II comprised 6 (28.6%) patients with the esophagus up to 4-6 cm in diameter; Group III included 5 (23.8%) patients with the esophagus up to 6-8 cm in diameter; Group IV consisted of 5 (23.8%) patients with the esophagus of more than 8 cm in diameter and an S-shaped configuration. A significant decrease in the diameter of the esophagus according to fluoroscopy (p<0.05) alongside with a decrease in the lower esophageal sphincter pressure according to manometry are indicative in assessing the effectiveness of achalasia cardia treatment after minimally invasive surgery. There were no complications when performing pneumatic balloon dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy.
Conclusions. In 7 (33.3%) patients, recurrences of achalasia cardia after balloon pneumatic dilation occurred within 2 - 10 months: in 4.7% of patients in Group I and 9.5% of patients in Group II, Group III, and Group IV. In recurrent achalasia cardia, repeated dilation was ineffective. There was performed laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication, which was effective in 80.0% of cases
COPD and Overweight, as a Problem in Present-Day Pulmonology
Get PDFIncreasing incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4th place among all causes of death within the general population) and overweight, as one factor for progression of respiratory tract pathologies (more than 30% of world population suffers from overweight) suggest that further study of pathogenetic peculiarities of their combined course and search for new ways of differential pathogenetic therapy are important nowadays
Biochemical Changes under the Influence of Comprehensive Treatment of Patients with Generalized Periodontitis and Osteopenia
Get PDFThe issue of surgical treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis and osteopenia is particularly topical. Numerous studies have confirmed the benefits of surgical treatment procedures using osteoplastic material to stimulate repair process of periodontal tissues.The objective of the research was to improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis and osteopenia through the combined use of osteoplastic material and antiresorptive drugs. Materials and methods. Ninety-three patients underwent treatment and clinical observation. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I included 20 patients who underwent surgical treatment according to conventional procedure. Group II included 25 patients who underwent surgical treatment with topical application of osteoplastic material “Easy Graft”. Surgical treatment in Group III (26 patients) was conducted using osteoplastic material “Easy Graft” and antiresorptive drug “Bonviva”. The control group consisted of 22 apparently healthy individuals.Conclusions. The obtained results indicated that surgical treatment with the combined use of osteoplastic material “Easy Graft” and antiresorptive drug “Bonviva” leads to process stabilization being confirmed by clinical study indices both in early and in remote postoperative period
The Method of Diagnosis and Systematization Defects of Dental Hard Tissues
Get PDFIn the problem of solving diagnosis and treatment of hard tissue defects, a significant role is played by the choice of tactics for dental treatment of tooth decay. This work was aimed at studying the problem of diagnosis and systematization of hard tissues defects, that will contribute to the objectification of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in dental treatment of patients with this disease.
The objective of the research was to develop an anatomical and functional systematization for differentiated evaluation of tooth defects, as a basis for the application of differentiated diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to dental treatment of hard tissue defects.
Materials and methods. For differential assessment of the extent of tooth defects and precise estimation of the strength of the composition “tooth-restoration”, we conducted mechanical and mathematical modeling of contact interaction of restoration with dental tissues. We conducted anthropometric studies of all types of cavities of different groups of teeth as well.
Results. As a result of the study, there was proposed the systematization of hard tissues defects – location of defects, occlusive load, extent of defects/ depth of decay. The algorithm for choosing the method of treating hard tissues defects that is based on the systematization of location of defects, occlusive load, extent of defects/ depth of decay and may serve as a selection criterion for the treatment of such pathologies was offered.
Conclusions. The proposed systematization filled the obvious gap in academic ideas of hard tissue defects, suggested the prospect of reaching a consensus on differentiated diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in treatment of patients with this disease building the methodological “bridge of continuity” between therapeutic and orthopedic dentistry in the field of hard tissue defect treatment
Calcium Metabolism Indicators in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis and Hypertension
Get PDFThe objective of the study is to determine the level of calcium in patients with hypertension of the II degree and generalized periodontitis of the II degree.There were examined 30 patients with hypertension of the II degree with generalized periodontitis of the II degree. Patients’ age ranged from 35 to 54 years. These patients were in the main group. Treatment of patients included taking the medicine “Ca-D3 NIKOMED”.The control group included 10 patients without general somathic pathology and with healthy periodontitis of the same age. The results obtained were subject to variational and statistical processing.The analyses were carried out before and 3 months after the treatment. The level of general Ca in patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree and hypertension of the II degree before the treatment was 1.66±0.03 mmol/l (p<0.001) (norm 2.15-2.5 mmol/l). In the patients of control group this figure was 2.33±0.04 mmol/l (p<0.001).After 3 months the level of general Ca in patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree and hypertension of the II degree was 1.87±0.03 mmol/l (p<0.001).The level of ionized Ca in patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree and hypertension of the II degree before the treatment was 0.36± 0.01 mmol/l (p<0.001); after the treatment the level of ionized Ca was 0.41±0.01 mmol/l (p<0.001). The level of ionized Ca in control group patients was 1.03±0.02 mmol/l (p<0.001).We can conclude: according to the analysis of levels of general and ionized calcium in serum of patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree and hypertension of the II degree we can conclude that these indexes are lower than normal; patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree and hypertension of the II degree have increased levels of general calcium and ionized calcium in serum after taking the drug “Ca-D3 NIKOMED”during 3 months
The Prognostic Value of the Change in the Concentration of C–Reactive Protein in the Oral Liquid of Patients with Acantholytic Pemphigus, in Varying Degrees of the Acantholytic Process Severity on the Mucous Membrane of the Oral Cavity
Get PDFThe interconnection of changes in the concentration of C – reactive protein with the severity degree of the acantholytic process on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity in patients suffering from acantholytic pemphigus is described in the article.
Objective of the study – is to determine the correlation between the concentration of C – reactive protein in the oral liquid of patients with acantholytic pemphigus with the severity degree of the acantholytic process during the period of exacerbation of the disease in order to predict the assessment of general and local therapy, as well as the dynamics of the course of pathological processes on the oral mucous membrane.
Materials and methods. A complex of studies was performed in patients with acantholytic pemphigus, aged from 45 to 63 years, which included oral liquid examination in order to determine the CRP level, and determination of the acantholytic process severity degree on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity (utility model patent №101844).
Results and discussion. There was a clear correlation between the level of CRP concentration in the oral liquid of patients with acantholytic pemphigus with the severity degree of acantholytic process on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, during different periods of the disease exacerbation. During the first day of exacerbation, the level of CRP was 384 (mg/ml), or higher in 41 individuals, with the third (III) severity degree of the acantholytic process on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, which was a 73.21% of the total number of examined patients. During the 7th day, the CRP concentration level decreased to values of ≥24 and ≥48 (mg/ml), and during the 14th day – to the values of ≥12 and ≥24 (mg/ml).
Conclusions. The obtained results showed that the change in the concentration of CRP in the oral liquid of patients with acantholytic pemphigus has a reliable prognostic value and is an important characteristic of local and general diagnostic parameters of the disease