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Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 Gene Polymorphism is Associated with Disease-Free Survival in Bladder Cancer Patients
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to study the possible association between MALAT1 gene rs3200401 polymorphism and the survival of patients with bladder cancer and clinicopathological characteristics in bladder cancer.
Materials and Methods. The venous blood of 141 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder was used for study. Genotyping of MALAT1 gene rs3200401 polymorphism was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using the 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) and Taq-Man Assays (TaqMan® SNP Assay C_3246069_10). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software package (version 17.0). The Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox regression were used to check the possible association between MALAT1 rs3200401-genotypes and the age of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder onset. P values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
Results. The obtained results revealed that hemoglobin concentration was lower in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and rs3200401TT-genotype than in patients with rs3200401CC-genotype (p=0.024). Herewith, fasting glucose, creatinine concentration, and tumor width were significantly higher in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and rs3200401TT-genotype as compared to rs3200401CC-genotype carriers (p = 0.036, p = 0.039, p = 0.028, respectively). The results of survival analysis demonstrated that transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder occurred much later in persons with rs3200401TT-genotype as compared to rs3200401C-allele carriers (log rank p = 0.016), and the risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder onset was lower in individuals with rs3200401TT than in major rs3200401C C-allele carriers (hazard ratio = 0.413; p = 0.047).
Conclusions. Rs3200401 polymorphism of MALAT1 gene is associated with disease-free survival in Ukrainian patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder occurs later in persons with rs3200401TT-genotype than in individuals with rs3200401CC- and rs3200401CT-genotypes
Characteristics of Puberty Period in Adolescent Girls and Major Risk Factors of Menstrual Function Disorders Against the Background of Endemic Goiter
Get PDFDisorders of menstrual function are often the result of thyroid dysfunction and disorders of the neuroendocrine regulation, initiated by iodine deficiency, and are the most destructive in puberty period.
The objective of the study was to clarify the peculiarities of establishment of menstrual function and the degree of interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system and thyroid gland against the background of iodine deficiency in adolescence.
Materials and methods of research. Analytical analysis of medical records and sociomedical audit were carried out by interviewing 490 girls of puberty age, the purpose of which was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and possible factors of development of menstrual disorders.
Results of the study and their discussion. The proportion of thyroid dysfunction in adolescent girls is quite significant; hypofunction was diagnosed 3.4 times more frequent than its increased activity. Less than half of the studied had regular menstrual cycle, while girls with thyroid dysfunction suffered much more often from menstrual dysfunction in the form of hypomenstrual syndrome (1.5-fold, p<0.05), algodismenorrhea (1.6-fold, p<0.05) and amenorrhea (1.4-fold, p<0.05), premenstrual syndrome and anovulatory conditions associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Such somatic diseases as neuro-vegetative dysfunction, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic tonsillitis, frequent lacunar angina and acute respiratory viral diseases are common. Clinical manifestations included symptoms of thyroid hypofunction, androgen-associated dermopathy, hirsutism syndrome, and concomitant endocrine-associated pathology of the mammary glands (mastalgia, mastopathy, and galactorrhea).
Conclusions. The burden of perinatal history, the presence of thyroid pathology and other manifestations of metabolic and endocrine disorders in first-degree relatives are unfavourable prognostic factors of disorders of the menstrual cycle against the background of thyroid dysfunction. The findings obtained allow us to determine the leading risk factors for problematic menstruation establishment and menstrual disorders, especially when combined with thyroid dysfunction. Hypomenstrual syndrome and algodysmenorrhea, as well as manifestations of premenstrual syndrome and anovulatory cycles, belong to major disorders of the menstrual cycle in case of thyroid gland dysfunction
Fistulized Crohn’ Disease Mimicking Sigmoid Cancer: A Case Report
Get PDFCrohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology, progressing with frequent exacerbation periods that can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Although, it can manifest itself with complaints from the entire gastrointestinal tract; abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss and fever are the most important clinical symptoms. In this presentation, a 41-year-old male patient with known Crohn’s disease was presented to our hospital with the help of operation images
Lump in the Throat – an Algorithm for the Actions of a Physician
Get PDFDiagnosis and treatment of patients with complaints of the “lump in the throat” remain a complex multidisciplinary problem. This is due to the polyetiology of factors causing similar symptoms and an empirical approach to the treatment. “Lump in the throat” is one of the clinical manifestations of upper respiratory tract paresthesia. According to the literature data, there is the reason for referral to an otolaryngologist in 4.1 to 5.0% of cases.
The objective of the research was to optimize and improve the diagnosis and pathogenetic approach to the “lump in the throat” treatment.
Materials and Methods. To achieve the specified objective, a comprehensive examination of 38 patients who sought an otolaryngologist’s medical advice, complaining of a “lump in the throat” at the age of 18-45 years (26 women and 12 men), was performed. For the purpose of optimal diagnostics, general clinical examination, examination of ENT organs, endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, microlaryngoscopy were performed; the condition of patients’ psycho-emotional status was assessed (consultation of psychologist and psychiatrist).
Results. A comprehensive clinical study of 38 patients with complaints of the “lump in the throat” at the age of 18-45 years was performed. Psychosomatic disorders were detected in 26 patients; ENT organ diseases were present in 12 patients. All patients received treatment depending on the diagnosed somatic, otorhinolaryngological and psychosomatic pathology
Learning and Teaching Support for Modular-Rating Educational System
Get PDFThe main purpose of the modular system is to change organizational foundations of the pedagogical process in higher education to those that would ensure its substantial democratization and the conditions for a real change in the student’s role in learning (from the object to the subject of this process), provide the educational process with the necessary flexibility, introduce the principle of teaching individualization.
The regulation on the organization of the educational process in higher educational institutions determines scientific and methodical support that includes the State Standards for Specialties (Course Description, Educational and Professional Program), the curriculum, the syllabus for all normative and elective disciplines, discipline-specific teaching materials, the programs of practices of various kinds, textbooks, manuals, instructional and methodical guidelines, tasks for final, current and state control, etc.
The modular-rating and credit-modular educational systems require a detailed development of the system of learning and teaching support considering students’ individual characteristics to form a methodological culture of thinking of general phenomena and patterns of developing the physical world, as well as the ability of interdisciplinary synthesis and a deep understanding of scientific and professional tasks. The role a teacher plays in the system of such training is to motivate, determine the level of knowledge, consult and inform students, while students transform from passive listeners to active participants of the educational process. Such training enables students to study at their own pace, considering their own abilities and temperament.
The teaching and methodical complex on the discipline is the system of normative, methodical and didactic documents that determine the objectives of learning, the content of an academic discipline, didactically and scientifically substantiated sequence, methods and means of the formation of knowledge, skills, abilities, professional and civic qualities in students
Relationship Between Ethical Leadership Behavior and Work Motivation in Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study
Get PDFAim: Affecting the attitudes and the behaviors of the employees, leaders’ ethical focused behavior is one of the most important factors affecting employee work motivation. The study was conducted with the aim of examining the relationship between ethical leadership behavior and the work motivation of Intensive Care Nurses (ICNs).
Material and Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional and descriptive design and was performed between August and October 2018 with 98 ICNs at a university hospital in Turkey. A Nurses’ Description Form, the Ethical Leadership Scale, and the Nurses’ Work Motivation Scale were used to collect data. Since the data were found to be normally distributed, to compare the total scores of ethical leadership scale and nurses’ work motivation scale for demographic information of the nurses independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were used. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between ethical leadership and work satisfaction.
Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the mean total score of the Ethical Leadership Scale and the mean total score of the Nurses’ Work Motivation Scale (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean total score of the ELS and the number of patients for whom daily nursing care was provided (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: It was concluded from this study that the perceptions of ICNs concerning ethical leadership behavior and their work motivation were at a medium level. In addition, it was found that the nurses’ ethical leadership behavior had a positive effect on their work motivation. Nursing leaders should therefore endeavor to maintain their ethical behavioral integrity in order to promote nurses’ work motivation
Giant Relapse Sigmoid Volvulus: Case Report
Get PDFSigmoid volvulus is one of the acute abdomen that requires endoscopic intervention and/or surgery. High recurrence rates after detorsion require patients to be operated under elective conditions. A 32 year oldmental retarded male patient was operated for recurrent sigmoid volvulus. In this study, we aimed to present a giant recurrent sigmoid volvulus case accompanied by diaphragmatic hernia
Experience of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies in a Tertiary Care Hospital: a Retrospective Study
Get PDFIntroduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most commonly performed surgical procedure of digestive tract. It has replaced open cholecystectomy as gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis and inflammation of gallbladder. It is estimated that approximately 90% of cholecystectomies in the United States are performed using a laparoscopic approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in context to its complications, morbidity and mortality in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 1200 patients, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomies, during the period from January 2019 to December 2019, at Government Medical College Jammu J & K, India and necessary data was collected and reviewed.
Results: In our study, a total of 1200 patients were studied including 216 males (18%) and 984 females (82%). The mean age of the patients was 43.35±8.61. The mean operative time in our study was 55.5±10.60 minutes with range of 45 – 90 minutes. Conversion rate was 2.6%. 2 patients were re-explored. Bile duct injury was found in 6 patients (0.5%).
Conclusions: Gallstone disease is a global health problem. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has now replaced open cholecystectomy as the first choice of treatment for gallstones. Gall stone diseases is most frequently encountered in female population. The risk factors for conversion to open cholecystectomy include male gender, previous abdominal surgery, acute cholecystitis, dense adhesions and fibrosis in Calot’ s triangle, anatomical variations, advanced age, comorbidity, obesity, suspicion of common bile duct stones, jaundice, and decreased surgeon experience. The incidence of surgical site infection has significantly decreased in laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to open cholecystectomy. In our study we could not find any case of surgical site infection
Surgical Correction of Hirschsprung's Disease in Children Using the Soave-Boley Technique with Manual Colorectal Anastomosis
Get PDFIntroduction. Current trends in surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease are aimed at minimally invasive interventions. However, the experience of using Soave-Boley procedure in surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease in children of different ages is valuable in the arsenal of differentiated approach to the treatment of this pathology.
The objective of the research was to evaluate the results of surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease in children using the Soave-Boley technique with manual colorectal anastomosis.
Materials and Methods. The analysis of surgical treatment of 1,187 children with different forms of Hirschsprung’s disease aged from birth to 18 years over the period 1980-2020 was conducted in the National Children's Specialized Hospital“ Okhmatdyt”. Surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease using the Soave-Boley technique was performed in 597 children. Before surgery, 156 patients underwent the first stage of treatment that consisted in the creation of a protective colostomy; in 441 cases, this intervention was performed without an intestinal stoma; the benefits of the Soave-Boley technique were evaluated.
Results. All the patients survived. In 15 (2.51%) out of 597 children, in the early postoperative period, there were observed: retrocolic hematoma (n = 2), retrocolic abscess (n = 7), anastomotic leak (n = 2), adhesive intestinal obstruction (n = 3), intussusception (n = 1). Fourteen (2.36%) patients developed surgical complications in the long-term period: residual aganglionosis (n = 9), anastomotic stenosis (n = 4) and coloptosis. Repeated Soave-Boley operation with manual colorectal anastomosis was successfully performed in 26 (4.362%) patients after primary correction of Hirschsprung's disease using different methods. Periodic episodes of fecal smearing in the remote period in 45 (7.53%) children were eliminated by conservative treatment. The success of this technique is confirmed by a much lower number of early (2.51%) and late (2.36%) postoperative surgical complications, as compared to those after using other methods of open surgical correction - 17.52% and 16.35%, respectively.
Conclusions. Surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease in children using the Soave-Boley technique with manual colorectal anastomosis allows better control over applying each suture, anatomical joining the edges of the bowel, and reducing trauma to the rectal mucosa, which ensures the high reliability of colorectal anastomosis; it is the most effective way of radical correcting Hirschsprung' s disease in children in an open way in one-stage or two-stage interventions, and this technique is the operation of choice for secondary surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease
Congenital Aneurysm/Diverticulum of the Left Ventricle in the Newborn
Get PDFLeft ventricular aneurysms and diverticula are severe congenital heart defects. The low prevalence and mostly asymptomatic course of these anomalies do not always allow us to suspect these defects in time and to differentiate them among themselves. That is why early detection of pathology with the help of fetal echocardiography is a key factor in determination of the tactics of patients’ management. The paper reviews the literature and describes a complex case of prenatally diagnosed left ventricular aneurysm