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Theoretical and Practical Issues of Student Youth Activity
No full textStudent activity in the learning and educational process depends on the psychological characteristics of student age, the social "face" of the student group, as well as the peculiarities of higher education institutions as organizations and environments.
The purpose of this article is to provide a socio-psychological characterization of student youth and, against this background, to examine those aspects of the educational process that influence student activity and shape their uniqueness.
Youth varies—having different cognitive styles and positions, diverse intellectual cultures, which undoubtedly depend on temperament and personal activity, but also on different experiences acquired from various backgrounds.
The student age is characterized by two important phases of maturation: in the first phase, students assess and reassess the norms, values, and ideals they have inherited from their background, and in the second phase, they crystallize their life plans, both personal and professional. In addition, they solidify their views on the ways and conditions for realizing their life plans, intentions, and events—not only from an instrumental perspective ("by what means"), but also in terms of "in what way," which is crucial for education. The crystallization of a person’s system of values, aspirations, hopes, and ideals requires diverse and rich content, multifaceted interpretation, and, above all, emotionally new situations that facilitate their assimilation.
Regardless of the socio-psychological complexity of the process by which an individual assimilates the values of their group, a fundamental condition for this assimilation is the correspondence of values and transmission conditions to the person’s aspirations, positions, interests, and inclinations.
Therefore, we face the following tasks:
to improve the level of the educational process by organizing it in such a way that the content of learning theoretically and practically corresponds to the challenges of students' future work;
to introduce scientific problems into the learning process;
to use modern teaching methods from both methodological and instrumental perspectives;
to satisfy the cognitive needs of young people in the learning process, keeping in mind that fulfilling the needs of social nature in the student environment can create favorable conditions for active student participation in preparing for professional and social realities.Активність студентів у процесі навчання та виховання залежитьвід психічних особливостей студентського віку, суспільного «обличчя»студентської групи, а також від особливостей вищої школи як організації і яксередовища.Мета цієї статті – дати соціально-психологічну характеристикустудентської молоді і на її фоні розглянути ті сторони навчально-виховногопроцесу, які впливають на активність студентів і формують їх особливість.Молодь буває різна – з різними пізнавальними стелями і позицією,різною розумовою культурою, що, безперечно, залежить від темпераменту іособистої активності але, крім того, від різного досвіду, винесеного з різногосередовища походження.Студентський вік характеризується двома важливими фазами дозрівання:в першій відбувається оцінка і переоцінка норм, цінностей та ідеалів, яківинесені з середовища походження, а в другій – кристалізація життєвих планів,як особистих, так і професійних. Крім того, відбувається закріплення поглядівна способи та умови реалізації життєвих планів, намірів, подій, і не тільки вінструментальному вимірі, «за допомогою чого», але і що немаловажною длявиховання, «яким способом».Кристалізація системи цінностей людини, її прагнень, надій, ідеалів вимагаєрізноманітного і багатого змісту, багатосторонньої інтерпретації, і передусім,емоційно нових ситуацій, сприятливих їх привласненню.Незалежно від соціально-психологічної складності процесу привласненнялюдиною цінностей своєї групи, принципіальна умова такого привласненняполягає у відповідності цінностей і умов передачі прагнень, позиції, інтересам інахилам людини.Тому перед нами стоять завдання:- підвищити рівень навчально-виховного процесу шляхом програмі йогоорганізація так, щоб зміст навчання теоретично і практично відповідаєпроблемам майбутньої роботи студентів;- ввести наукові проблеми у процес навчання;- використовувати сучасні як з методологічної, так із інструментальноїточки зору методи навчання;- Задовольнити пізнавальні потреби молоді в процесі навчання,пам’ятаючи, що задоволення потреб суспільної природи встудентському середовищі може створити сприятливі умови для
активної участі студентів у процесі їх підготовки до професійних ісуспільних реаліях
Interleukin-33 in Comorbidity of Bronchial Asthma and Arterial Hypertension
No full textBronchial asthma (BA) ranks first in terms of prevalence, severity, difficulties in diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation and continues to be one of the main health problems in the world. According to the latest WHO data, 235-300 million people worldwide are diagnosed with asthma. There is a forecast that this figure may reach 400 million by 2025. In recent years, asthma incidence rates in different countries of the world have ranged from 1 to 18%.
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of interleukin-33 in patients with bronchial asthma combined with arterial hypertension.
Literature data regarding the pathogenetic features of bronchial asthma in combination with arterial hypertension and the role of interleukin-33 in the comorbidity of these diseases today were analyzed.
An increase in IL-33 levels may be a harbinger of exacerbations of bronchial asthma or the development of hypertension. Measurement of IL-33 can help in the selection of therapeutic strategies, especially in cases where standard treatment does not give the desired result, and additional correction of inflammatory processes is required.
In general, IL-33 may be a useful biomarker for early detection and monitoring of patients with comorbidity of BA and AG, although its full use in clinical practice requires further studies confirming these results.
Taking into account the global data, IL-33 may be a useful biomarker for early detection and monitoring of patients with BA and AG comorbidity, although further studies confirming these results are necessary for its full use in clinical practice.Бронхіальна астма (БА) посідає одне з перших місць щодо поширеності, тяжкості перебігу, труднощів у діагностиці, лікуванні та реабілітації й продовжує залишатися однією із головних проблем охорони здоров’я у світі [1]. За даними ВOOЗ, БА - друга по поширеності після хронічної обструктивної хвороби легень патологія дихальної системи у людини. Поширеність БА в різних країнах світу коливається від 1 до 18% [2, 3]. Станом на 2011 рік у світі нараховувалось 235—300 мільйонів людей, хворих на астму, включаючи близько 250 000 смертельних випадків. Поширеність БА в Україні станом на 2019 рік становила – 1 268 398,99 осі
Modernizing scholarly practice: policy changes and impact at the Archive of Clinical Medicine
No full textBackground: The Archive of Clinical Medicine has recently undertaken a series of strategic changes aimed at enhancing its quality, visibility, and adherence to international standards for publishing.
Objectives: This editorial outlines initiatives implemented from August to November 2025 and evaluates their initial effects on the journal’s profile and readership.
Key Initiatives: The journal introduced a redesigned website and updated visual identity, expanded indexing in databases such as DOAJ and Ulrichsweb, adopted DORA and COPE guidelines, and implemented an «Online First» publication model to accelerate research dissemination. The Aim and Scope were revised to encourage interdisciplinary submissions, and the Editorial Board was renewed to ensure broad expertise and global representation.
Results: These reforms coincided with increased reader engagement, as reflected in higher abstract views during the reporting period.
Conclusions: The recent changes demonstrate the journal’s commitment to transparency, accessibility, and scholarly excellence, laying a solid foundation for continued growth and positioning the Archive of Clinical Medicine as a dynamic platform for clinical and health sciences research.
Keywords: medical scientific journal, journal transformation, editorial policy, publication trends, reader engagement, academic publishing, open acces
Ranula as a Complication of Dental Implant Therapy: A Case Report and Systematic Review
Full text linkIntroduction. Ranulas are pseudocysts caused by saliva retention or extravasation from the sublingual or submandibular gland. Trauma is believed to be the most common cause of ranula formation, but it can also result from ductal obstruction or congenital malformation. Ranulas are relatively rare to encounter in clinical practice and infrequently associated with dental implant therapy.
Methods. This study presents a case report of ranula formation in the right sublingual gland in association with dental implant therapy. In addition, a systematic review of case reports on this problem was conducted. The study aimed to identify the etiology of ranula development during/after implant therapy in patients undergoing implant-based dental rehabilitation. An advanced search was conducted on October 22, 2024, using the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. The exported data demonstrated that reports on ranula formation were scarce. Four studies met the eligibility criteria; three were included in this analysis after quality assessments.
Results. It was found that procedures leading to ranula formation were dental implant surgery in the mandible with perforation of the lingual plate and laceration of the sublingual or submandibular gland and placement of implant-retained overdentures causing duct obstructions. The treatment approaches included salivary gland excision (when the gland was traumatized) and duct marsupialization (when the ducts were obstructed). In the case report presented in this study, the etiology was attributed to soft tissue trauma caused by the implant drill during surgery. Different treatment modalities were used, including marsupialization, incision, and drainage. However, all led to a recurrence, and the gland was completely removed.
Conclusions. Ranula formation has rarely been associated with dental implant therapy, with only a few reports in the literature. This case report suggests that ranulas may develop during implant placement, even if the lingual plate is not perforated. Such complications can be prevented through meticulous treatment planning and precise surgical techniques. The treatment of choice for ranulas remains sialadenectomy, especially in patients with a history of recurrence
The Cytotoxic Effect of Candidalysin on Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts: An In Vitro Study
Full text linkIntroduction. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and functional effects of candidalysin, a cytolytic peptide toxin produced by Candida albicans, on primary human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs).
Methods. Primary hGFs were treated with candidalysin at concentrations of 3, 5, and 15 µM. Cytotoxicity of candidalysin was assessed using the MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Morphological changes were examined via light microscopy, while functional cell migration was evaluated using a wound healing assay, with image analysis performed using Fiji/ImageJ.
Results. Candidalysin significantly decreased hGF viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with 15 µM exhibiting the strongest cytotoxicity across all time points. Morphological assessment revealed membrane damage and cytoplasmic shrinkage. Wound healing was significantly impaired at 24 hours in the 15 µM group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions. Candidalysin exerts dose-dependent cytotoxic and functional inhibitory effects on primary hGFs, affecting their viability, morphology, and wound healing capabilities. These findings support candidalysin’s role in periodontal tissue damage and provide a basis for future investigations into targeted antifungal strategies
Investigation of the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Tooth Surfaces in Smokers: An In Vitro Study
Full text linkIntroduction. This in vitro study aimed to compare the enamel and root surfaces of teeth between smokers and non-smokers after scaling with hand instruments and to evaluate surface characteristics of smokers’ teeth after applying different polishing methods.
Methods. This study analyzed periodontally affected teeth extracted from heavy smokers and non-smokers, dividing them into six groups: Group 1: scaling with hand instruments (HI); Group 2: HI followed by polishing with paste (Nupro prophy paste); Group 3: HI followed by polishing with pumice (Imipomza); Group 4: HI followed by air polishing using sodium bicarbonate (Air Flow Classic powder); Group 5: HI followed by air polishing using erythritol (Air Flow Plus powder); and Group 6: HI performed on teeth from non-smokers. Following each experiment, the surface roughness of the crown (RaC) and root (RaR) was measured. The samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis.
Results. A total of 60 samples were analyzed, with 10 samples allocated to each group. The samples in Group 1 exhibited erosion areas with exposed enamel rod ends on the crown surfaces, while the root surfaces displayed resorption craters with exposed dentinal tubules. In the SEM analysis of the polishing methods, Group 2 displayed a relatively smooth surface characterized by the presence of deposits. Group 3 exhibited a distinctly irregular and rough surface, with exposed enamel rods and dentinal tubules. The air polishing groups displayed scratches on the enamel surfaces, whereas the root surfaces displayed a smooth texture with minimal debris. Significant differences were observed among the groups in terms of RaC and RaR (p = 0.016). The lowest mean RaC value was recorded in Group 6 (0.77 ± 0.11µm), while the highest was in Group 3 (1.36 ± 0.34 µm) (p = 0.005). Group 2 exhibited the lowest RaR value among all groups (0.89 ± 0.26 µm). Group 1 exhibited lower calcium levels on the enamel surface compared to Group 6 (p = 0.021).
Conclusions. This study revealed that, following scaling, smokers’ teeth exhibited lower elemental levels, greater surface roughness, and areas of erosion and resorption compared to those of non-smokers. After smokers’ teeth were polished, the polishing paste group demonstrated the least surface roughness, while the air polishing groups showed higher mineral levels and a few debris particles
Trends in Online Learning for Adult Learners in Science and Medical Education
Full text linkOver the last several years, especially since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous innovations in medical education have emerged to improve the quality of educational resources. As many students continue to rely on asynchronous and virtual tools for learning, this trend has become particularly evident. This review aims to provide insight into the latest technological and ideological research surrounding adult internet-based education and explore some of the hype within the literature over the last ten years.
A comprehensive literature screening was conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, and EBSCO between February 27, 2024, and September 14, 2024. Careful selection of articles addressing the evidence behind the various topics and their impacts on adult learning outcomes, including retention, attention, and engagement, was performed. An attempt was made to select basic and leading articles on the current trends in adult learning, specifically those influencing current trends in both online learning and medical education. A total of 43 papers were included for the final formulation of this narrative review.
This review is firmly grounded in the concepts of andragogy and the idea that the student is the main driver of their education. The review linked the major themes that it discovered to this theory and explained how the major concepts were well grounded within the theoretical framework. Some of the most intriguing and increasingly important aspects include educational videos provided by school or discovered within the “hidden curriculum” of explanatory content on YouTube or other video-hosting platforms, the influence of video playback speed, the integration of virtual and augmented realities in both classrooms and simulation laboratories, and the use of massive open online courses to disseminate classroom materials to a much wider audience
How to Keep Future Doctors Awake: An Inquiry into Online Learning Video Design Preferences Among Medical Students
Full text linkIntroduction. Online learning has become increasingly prevalent in medical education, offering flexibility and accessibility to undergraduate medical students. However, the design of online learning materials, particularly videos, plays a crucial role in engaging students and promoting effective learning. Understanding the preferences of undergraduate medical students regarding video design is essential for creating videos that meet their needs and enhance their educational experience. Therefore, this study aims to explore the design preferences of undergraduate medical students for learning videos.
Methods. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted at Rampurhat Government Medical College in eastern India. Medical students from any semester were recruited as a convenience sample. A 14-item questionnaire was developed explicitly for this study. The questionnaire was distributed electronically via Google Forms to a cohort of undergraduate medical students. Data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results. The survey included 179 undergraduate medical students, with English as the preferred language for videos (84.36%). Students favored videos lasting 11 to 15 minutes (38.55%), without background music (92.18%), and preferred instructors to write while explaining (82.12%). Shorter, multiple videos were preferred for a one-hour class (74.86%), with YouTube® as the top content delivery platform (69.83%). Students also expressed a preference for transcripts (49.72%) and PDF notes (100%), along with videos of previously taught lectures (84.36%).
Conclusions. The findings emphasize the importance of considering language preferences, video length, background music, instructor characteristics, presentation materials, and content delivery platforms to meet student needs. By aligning with these preferences, educators can optimize the effectiveness of educational videos and foster a positive and engaging learning environment
Neurobehavioral Roles of Acrylamide in Rats Fed a Cafeteria Diet from Weaning to Adulthood: Possible Distinctive Effects
Full text linkIntroduction. Acrylamide, an endocrine-disrupting compound with neurotoxic properties, has been shown to affect various neurobehavioral parameters, including anxiety. This study aimed to examine the effects of varying acrylamide doses on neurobehavioral parameters in male Wistar rats fed an obesogenic cafeteria diet from weaning to adulthood.
Methods. Healthy male Wistar rats (four weeks old, n=24) were divided into four groups: control diet (CON), cafeteria diet (CAF), CAF plus acrylamide at 50 μg/kg body weight (AA1) administered by oral gavage, and CAF plus acrylamide at 170 μg/kg body weight (AA2) administered by oral gavage. The treatments were continued for twelve weeks, with each group consisting of six rats (n=6). An open field test (OFT) was conducted to assess anxiety-like behavior and locomotor activity, and a novel object recognition test (NORT) was performed to assess short-term recognition memory.
Results. The total distance traveled was higher in the CAF and AA1 groups compared to the CON group. The total number of immobile episodes was lower in the AA1 and AA2 groups than in the CAF and CON groups. The number of entries into the corner zones was higher in the CAF and AA1 groups compared to the CON group. The distance traveled in the corner zones was higher in the CAF and AA1 groups compared to the CON group. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the number of the corner zones (PC1) and the distance traveled in the center zone (PC2) were the primary variables separating the groups. Blood plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels showed a significant negative correlation with the distance traveled in the center zone and a significant positive correlation with time spent in the corner zones.
Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that consumption of an obesogenic cafeteria diet alone and exposure to lower doses of acrylamide (50 μg/kg) in combination with the cafeteria diet induced anxiety-like behavior and impaired locomotor activity in male Wistar rats. Additionally, the findings suggest a link between inflammation and the onset of anxiety-like behaviors. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms