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The Relationship Between Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs and Hygiene Behaviors of Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic Process
Full text linkAim. The research was carried out to determine the relationship between healthy lifestyle beliefs and hygiene behaviors of adolescents during the COVID 19 pandemic process.
Materials. This descriptive-correlational research was carried out with 418 Turkish adolescents at the age of 13 to 18 years between March and August 2021. The data were collected online with a data collection tool, including a question form, the Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale for Adolescents (HLBSA), and the Hygiene Behavior Scale (HBS). Percentage, mean, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data.
Results. In the study, the variables of socioeconomic status, health perception, and knowledge of healthy living have shown a significant influence on the total HLBSA score; the variables of gender, maternal occupation, health perception and knowledge of healthy living have shown a significant impact on the total HBS score (p< 0.05). The total mean score of the HLBSA was 52.97 ± 19.71, and the total mean score of the HBS was 102.07 ± 23.02. There was a statistically significant relationship between the total HLBSA score and the total HBS score during the COVID-19 epidemic (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. The study found that hygiene behaviors of adolescents during the pandemic process were good if their healthy lifestyle beliefs were good
ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ В НОВОМУ ФОРМАТІ ОБГОВОРЕННЯ КЛІНІЧНИХ ВИПАДКІВ - CLINICAL CASE DISCUSSION
No full textThe exceptional availability of high-tech simulators is not enough to ensure the high quality of practical training of the future medical specialists. The main condition is the use of certain pedagogical technologies that ensure the continuity of the system of practice and improvement of practical skills and preparation for competent professional activity at all stages of the future doctor training.
In recent years, there has been a clear trend to improve the methods of simulation technologies in medical education at the undergraduate stage of the future doctors’ training. At the same time, an important direction is the step-by-step analysis of clinical cases followed by an extended discussion (with the elements of debriefing) and the use of additional information in the form of separate information blocks with visualization. Only at this stage it is possible to practice communication skills, to understand the clinical route of the patient, as well as to discuss possible rehabilitation and preventive measures.
The aim of this article is to share own experience of the implementation of a highly effective teaching method – the discussion of clinical cases, Clinical Case Discussion (CCD), which promotes the development of deep clinical thinking in students, the ability to practically apply knowledge in various fields of medicine, the performance of the applied differential diagnosis, and the formation of the real tactics of the diagnostic search and/or treatment of a specific patient on the example of this clinical case.
Performance of a practical session in the new Clinical Case Discussion (CCD) format promotes the development of clinical thinking, allows students to systematize the material obtained and separate dominant signs (symptoms) from secondary ones, justify the appointment of laboratory and instrumental examination methods, verify the diagnosis and develop a number of rehabilitation measures. Active participation in the discussion of specialists of related specialties (depending on the topic of the clinical case and the primary manifestation of the disease) demonstrates the importance of interdisciplinary interaction and the ability to work in a team. The use in the process of clinical discussion of separate information blocks (with visualization) regarding important symptoms, as well as diseases with which it is necessary to perform differential diagnosis, contributes to analytical thinking, a syndromological systematized approach and the formation of a final diagnosis
Influence of Medicinal Plants Extracts from the Flora of Ukraine on the Growth of Cultures of Candida Yeast Fungi Selected from Dental Patients
Full text linkAntimycotics, which are widely used in this case, increasingly do not give the desired effect, since various types of Candida fungi are constantly modified forming resistant strains. This necessitates the search for new antifungal medication to affect them. From this point of view, medicinal plants are interesting for the research. They contain a number of biologically active compounds including substances that have antifungal properties against yeast-like fungi.
The aim. The objective of our research was to study in an experiment the influence of medicinal plants extracts of the flora of Ukraine on the growth of cultures of Candida various species associated with dental pathology.
Materials and methods. We selected 15 aqueous-ethanol extracts for further research which showed significant antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C.lusitaniae, C.kefyr і C. lipolytica.on the basis of the initial screening of the antifungal properties of various medicinal plants of the flora of Ukraine.
Results. According to the results of the work performed, 15 extracts were selected for further study by a more accurate method of serial dilutions in order to establish their fungicidal/fungistatic concentrations. The results of the testing showed that all 16 studied extracts in the dilution range from 1:20 to 1:640 showed at least a fungistatic effect against most strains of Candida fungi associated with dental pathological processes.
Conclusions. The obtained research results indicate a significant prospect of using plant extracts and medication based on them for oral thrush treatment.Анотація. Актуальність. Антимікотики, які широко використовуються в клініці, на даний час все частіше не дають бажаного ефекту, оскільки різні види грибів роду Candida постійно модифікуються, формуючи резистентні штами. Це зумовлює необхідність пошуку нових протигрибкових лікарських засобів для впливу на них. Із цієї точки зору цікавими для дослідження є лікарські рослини, які містять цілу низку біологічно активних сполук, а серед них – речовини, що проявлють антифунгальні властивості до дріжджоподібних грибів.
Мета. метою нашого дослідження було вивчити в експерименті вплив екстрактів лікарських рослин флори України на ріст культур різних видів кандид, асоційованих із стоматологічною патологією.
Матеріали і методи. Нами було відібрано 15 водно-етанольних екстрактів, які проявили помітну протигрибкову активність відносно грибів Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C.lusitaniae, C.kefyr і C. lipolytica.
Результати. За результатами виконаної роботи було вибрано 15 екстрактів для подальшого вивчення більш точним методом серійних розведень з метою встановлення їх фунгіцидних/фунгістатичних концентрацій. Результати проведеного тестування показали, що усі 15 досліджених екстрактів в діапазоні розведень від 1:20 до 1:640 проявили як мінімум фунгістатичну дію відносно більшості штамів грибів роду Candida, асоційованих із стоматологічними патологічними процесами
Висновки. Отримані нами результати досліджень вказують на значну перспективність використання рослинних екстрактів та препаратів на їхній основі для лікування кандидозу ротової порожнини.
Ключові слова: рослинні екстракти, флюконазол, гриби роду Candida, резистентність до антимікотиків
Usefulness of Unstimulated and Stimulated Whole Saliva, Accuracy of Minor Labial Salivary Gland Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Primary Sjögren's Disease: A Croatian Single-Center, Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the accuracy of minor labial salivary gland (MLSG) biopsy in the diagnosis of primary Sjögren' s disease (pSD); to study the correlation between the focus score (FS) and anti-SSA/Ro, anti-SSB/La, anti-SSA and -SSB antibodies, unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS); to determine the role of UWS and SWS in the clinical evaluation of pSD patients and patients with sicca symptoms.
Methods. A total of 37 subjects were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: the test group consisted of 15 patients diagnosed with pSD; the control group consisted of 22 patients who had sicca symptoms but did not meet the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) diagnostic criteria. Clinical and laboratory tests, including saliva collection, MLSG biopsy, autoantibody titers, were performed in all patients.
Results. The median of the FS was 1.00 [IQR=1.00-1.50] in the test group, whereas in the control group, it was 0.00 [IQR=0.00-0.00] (p< 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MLSG biopsy were 86.7%, 100.0%, and 94.6%, respectively. The results showed a correlation between the FS and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) (p=0.002). In addition, Pearson’s correlation showed a weak negative correlation between UWS (r=-0.058, p=0.73) and SWS (r=-0.022, p=0.90) and the FS. In the test group, 73.3% of patients had abnormal UWS values, while 86.7% had abnormal SWS values; among them, values of 0.00 ml/min for UWS and SWS were found in 60.0% and 26.7% of patients, respectively.
Conclusions. Although MLSG biopsy has great diagnostic value and accuracy in diagnosing pSD, it is not always definitive. Our study found a statistically significant association between the FS and ANA, and the greater utility of SWS in diagnosing pSS
Naloxone Induced Flash Pulmonary Edema: A Case Report
Full text linkWe present the case of a 26 year old patient with a medical history significant for mild intermittent asthma that developed marked respiratory distress after naloxone administration. EMS was called to the patient’s home after the patient was found unresponsive there. She later endorsed taking a single Ecstasy pill which she had obtained off the street. The patient had an initial excellent response to naloxone, demonstrating a rapid return to her baseline mental status. Within the hour however she developed profound hypoxia, tachypnea, and tachycardia with evidence of acute pulmonary edema on chest x-ray and bedside ultrasound. Her clinical deterioration led to intubation and later ECMO cannulation, however she was eventually discharged home in stable condition after an approximately 3.5 week hospital course. We believe the patient’s presentation is best explained by naloxone induced pulmonary edema, a phenomenon that has been described in the literature previously. However, her preceding ingestion, delayed development of profound cardiomyopathy, and sputum cultures positive for S. pneumoniae provide a broad differential for the patient’s dramatic presentation.
Keywords: Naloxone; acute respiratory distress syndrome; toxic overdose; ECM
Influence of Antioxidant Correction on Structural and Functional Changes of the Thyroid Gland in Case of Experimental Iodine Deficient Hypothyroidism
Full text linkExperimental iodine deficient hypothyroidism is manifested by an increase the activity of oxidative processes and a decrease the indicators of antioxidant defense of blood, which is accompanied by the appearance of destructive changes in the tissues of thyroid gland. The comparative analysis of the obtained results confirms the advantage of α-tocopherol using in the complex with potassium iodide for the correction of hypothyroidism, antioxidant imbalance and structural changes of the thyroid gland
The Relationship Between Eating Behaviors and Functional Status in Female Patients Diagnosed with Fibromyalgia
Full text linkAim. To evaluate whether eating behaviors of female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome differ from those of the healthy population, what factors affect these behaviors, and whether eating behaviors are effective on patients’ life quality and functional status.
Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional and observational study included 55 female fibromyalgia patients and 55 healthy female volunteers. All participants were assessed using demographic data, body mass index (BMI), and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) (Uncontrolled Eating, Cognitive Restraint, Emotional Eating, and Hunger Susceptibility). Fibromyalgia patients were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ).
Results. BMI, Uncontrolled Eating, and Hunger Susceptibility scores differed significantly between fibromyalgia patients and healthy volunteers (p < 0.05). In fibromyalgia patients, the TFEQ subscores were not correlated with the FIQ (p > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the Cognitive Restraint score and age, rest and night pain scores in fibromyalgia patients (p< 0.05). Increasing age was an independent predictor of Cognitive Restraint in fibromyalgia patients (p=0.003).
Conclusions. The proportion of overweight/obese patients, BMI, Uncontrolled Eating, and Hunger Susceptibility were significantly higher among fibromyalgia patients. Fibromyalgia patients’ eating behaviors were not associated with their quality of life and functional status. Increasing age appeared to be a predictor of Cognitive Restraint degree
Turkish Dental Students’ Perceptions and Awareness of Dental Implant Education: A Questionnaire Study
Full text linkObjective. This study aimed to assess Turkish dental students’ awareness of and attitudes toward dental implant therapy, as well as the effectiveness of dental implantology lecture from their point of view.
Materials and Methods. This study used a cross-sectional online survey. A total of 425 third-, fourth- and fifth-year dental students enrolled in Gazi University School of Dentistry during the 2020-2021 academic year were invited to participate in the survey anonymously and voluntarily. Following the descriptive part (age, gender, and education status), all the participants were asked 11 questions.
Results. Total of 415 questionnaires were analyzed. The 3rd-year students stated that they were“ poorly” informed about dental implants (n=88, 64.7%), while the 4th- and 5th-year students were“ moderately” infromed (n=78, 54.2% and n=60, 44.4%, respectively) (p < 0.001). All the students were believed that they needed to get more information during their undergraduate studies (p < 0.01). More than half of all students preferred to have PhD or speciality training after graduation (p > 0.05). Approximately 80% of all students believed that dentists should receive specialized training in order to practice implant dentistry (p > 0.05).
Conclusions. The results of this study show that some Turkish dental students find DI treatment a difficult operation and that they do not know enough about it. As a result, it is anticipated that improving the current curriculum will contribute to the course success and make dental students feel better prepared for dental implantology following graduation
“What IVC?”: Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Context of IVC Dysgenesis
Full text linkAmong young, otherwise healthy adults with unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT), uncommon causes like variation in the normal sequential development of the inferior vena cava (IVC), must be explored. Anomalous IVC conditions are estimated to occur in up to 9% of the general population, with the rarest anomaly being IVC agenesis at 0.0005% - 1% general population prevalence. DVTs are more likely to develop in this population due to venous stasis from decreased venous return, even with the formation of extensive collateral veins. Herein, the authorial team presents a 22-year-old patient with leg pain and swelling who was found to have acute DVT, and, incidentally, the absence of the suprarenal IVC with a robust collateral system on further imaging studies. The morbidity of DVTs in this population is very high, and attention should be given to young patients who present with new-onset DVT in the setting of normal coagulation studies and lack of personal or family history of clotting disorders, as the need for specialized imaging such as venograms is necessary to secure the proper diagnosis
Associations Between Chronotype, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, and Attitude to Healthy Nutrition
Full text linkBackground. Chronotype is the attitude of a subject in determining the individual circadian preference in behavioral and biological rhythm associated with eating behaviors and health.
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between chronotype, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and attitudes to healthy nutrition in Turkish adults.
Methods. A survey was conducted online using online platforms. A total of 1,197 volunteers between 18-65 years of age participated in our study. Participants’ adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS); their healthy eating attitude and chronotype were assessed using the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) and the Morning-Evening Questionnaire (MEQ), respectively.
Results. Most of the participants were classified as those with an intermediate chronotype. More than half of evening-type participants and nearly half of intermediate-type participants had poor Mediterranean diet adherence. In addition, the percentages of individuals with morning and evening chronotypes in the very low and moderate classification ranges were similar and lower than the percentages of those with an intermediate chronotype. Linear regression analysis revealed that participants with higher MEQ values had higher ASHN and MEDAS scores and a lower body mass index as compared to those with lower MEQ values.
Conclusions. Chronotype was associated with Mediterranean diet adherence and healthy eating attitude. In particular, morning-type subjects showed higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet than intermediate- and evening-type subjects