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Teaching Operating Systems Courses
No full textThe Operating Systems course at Charles University's practical labs are structured around the students implementing a miniature operating system, which has been per- ceived as challenging, but rewarding. During recent years, the course has undergone major transformations concerning the grading structure and the requirements on the project's functionality. Furthermore, we have prepared the necessary tooling for the project to be transitioned from the MIPS instruction set architecture to the more mod- ern RISC-V. Following these changes, we evaluate the current state of the course based on gathered student feedback. We have identified and addressed several issues; most no- tably, we have discovered problems with the new grading of the weekly quizzes. We were unable to identify any major discrepancies in the students' experience between the two architectures, and thus we recommend the course to fully switch to RISC-V. In addition to our evaluation, we have gathered data about the students' interest in a possible semi- nar which would expand on the project and cover more advanced topics. We propose a possible structure of this seminar based on the feedback gathered.
The Effect of Kegel exercises on postpartum women with stress urinary incontinence: randomized controlled trial
No full textIntroduction: I chose this topic out of personal interest, as I would like to focus on women's health and physiotherapy in gynecology in my future practice. Urinary incontinence is a common issue that affects both the physical and mental health of women, yet many of them do not seek professional help. The main objective: The aim of this thesis was to determine whether regular Kegel exercises have an effect on women with SUI after childbirth, and how this effect manifests in both the psychological and physical health of the participants. Methodology: The study involved first-time mothers aged 27-35 years, at least six weeks postpartum, who had given birth vaginally and reported experiencing SUI. During the initial examination, participants were randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group. The experimental group was instructed to perform Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. The follow-up examination took place 6-8 weeks after the initial one. During the assessment, participants completed a questionnaire covering basic medical history and more detailed gynecological history. They also filled out two incontinence- related questionnaires: I-QoL and ICIQ-SF. A kinesiological examination was then performed by the author of the thesis, a physiotherapy student. Pelvic..
Boundary between disks and compact rotating stars: perturbation approach to the flow three-dimensional structure
No full textWe study a narrow layer between a thin accretion disk and a rapidly ro- tating, non-magnetized star. By means of a singular perturbation method, we have found a detailed analytic solution describing the three-dimensional structure of the flow in this region. The solution smoothly transitions to the solutions previously found by other authors. We have found vertical shear in radial and vertical velocities, but uniform profile of rotation. The mathemati- cal consistency comes at the cost of a simplified treatment of thermodynamics by adopting a polytropic equation of state. The solution is applicable to a star rotating near the breaking frequency
Development of communication of children with ASD in programme of Applied behavior analysis
No full textEndosymbionts of lice and hematophagous Heteroptera
No full textObligate hematophagous insects rely on the blood of warm-blooded animals as their sole food source. Blood is very nutritional, however it lacks certain essential composites, namely B vitamins. Hematophagous insects have to supplement their nutrition with B vitamins. That is why they developed nutritional symbioses with bacterial endosymbionts. Nutritional symbioses are complex relationships that evolve through evolution. This work will be analyzing bacterial endosymbionts of obligate hematophages, which are mostly permanent ectoparasites. The focus will be on on Triatominae with their diverse microbiome. The next analyzed group will be lice, with the emphasis on human lice, whose symbionts are used as an example for the evolution of a symbiont's genome. The last group mentioned in this work will be bed bugs, with the emphasis once again on bed bugs parasitising on humans. Bed bugs are discussed in relation to Wolbachia acting as an obligate mutualist, which is unusual for this bacterium
Research on the biodiversity of vascular plants in alpine regions in times of global changes
No full textAlpine areas are among the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. The diversity of vascular plants in alpine environments is high and contains a large number of endemic species. The total area of the alpine zone is decreasing with increasing global temperature, and vascular plants are responding in various ways, for example, by gradually migrating to higher altitudes, by changing phenological phases, and by changing their overall communities. Although alpine regions provide valuable ecosystem services to mankind, while recognising their vulnerability, there are still major gaps in both current knowledge about the global diversity patterns and research methods used to study those. To date, there is no comprehensive knowledge of the distribution of alpine vegetation diversity, nor is there a unified methodology that would allow comparative studies to be carried out across continents. In addition to placing the topic in context, this thesis provides an overview of the methods often used to investigate alpine diversity and their limitations
Analysis of Bitcoin and Gold as Stores of Value in the Context of Recent Global Events
No full textThis thesis examines Bitcoin's potential as a store of value, focusing on devel- opments up to February 2025. It finds weak cointegration and low correlation between Bitcoin and gold, challenging the view of Bitcoin as a reliable store of value. Instead, Bitcoin shows strong similarities to stock market indices in both price and return trends, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings suggest Bitcoin behaves more like a risky asset than digital gold. The analysis employs Cointegration and DCC-GARCH methods, re- vealing that emerging parallels between gold and Bitcoin are likely anomalies, making state-level adoption as a reserve asset premature.
The replication cycle of human polyomavirus BK and its role in the modulation of cellular processes
No full textHuman BK virus is a small non-enveloped DNA virus belonging to the Polyomaviridae family. It is widely spread in the adult population and persists throughout life, mainly in kidney cells. While in immunocompetent individuals the infection is asymptomatic, in cases of weakened immunity, the infection reactivation and massive replication occur, which mostly manifests as BK-associated nephropathy or hemorrhagic cystitis. The first part of the work summarizes the current knowledge about the life cycle of BK polyomavirus from virus entry into the cell to the release of viral progeny and the most important information about the viral genome and proteins. The second part of the work focuses on selected cellular processes modulated by BKPyV infection and virus-induced cytopathic effects affecting membrane organelles and structures. These include, for example, induction of cytoplasmic vacuole formation, changes in morphology, integrity and balance of the ER, fragmentation of mitochondria, mitophagy and others. Many questions remain open in this area, such as the mechanism of persistence and the (in)ability of the host immune system to respond adequately to the presence of the pathogen. Understanding the molecular aspects of the BK virus replication cycle and the mechanisms of persistence and pathogenesis is..
Analyzing the Health Impacts of Digital Nutrition Platform
No full textThis thesis explores the impact of an intensive weight-loss program including digital support, education, and exercise on anthropometric indicators in women aged 25 - 45 years. The aim was to determine whether a comprehensive intervention yields better outcomes compared to a standalone calorie-restricted meal plan. A total of 33 women were enrolled, of whom 26 completed all measurements. The intervention group (n = 15) participated in an eight-week program consisting of a personalized meal plan, educational content, online workouts, community support and notifications. The control group (n = 11) received only the meal plan. Weight, BMI, waist circumferences and WHR were assessed across five measurement points using Repeated Measures ANOVA. Results showed a statistically significant reduction in weight, BMI and waist circumferences over time in both groups (p < 0.001). The time × group interaction approached statistical significance (p = 0.085, p = 0.098, and p = 0.002), with the intervention group showing a greater decrease. WHR remained unchanged. The dropout rate was considerably higher in the control group (31.3 %) compared to the intervention group (11.8 %). In conclusion, a digitally supported and educationally guided weight-loss program may be an effective tool to enhance both weight..
Recombinant proteins from Phlebotominae salivary glands
No full textPhlebotomine sand flies, vectors of Leishmania parasites, represent a significant health risk in many areas of the world. During blood feeding, females inject salivary proteins which modulate the host's immune response, facilitate parasite transmission and its survival within the host. These proteins induce the production of specific antibodies, which can be used as markers of exposure to sand flies and predictors of infection risk. The production of recombinant salivary proteins offers an effective alternative to the use of salivary gland homogenates, bringing advantages of standardization and putative higher specificity. Some of these recombinant proteins are capable of inducing a protective, cell- mediated immune response, while others are mainly used for monitoring host contact with the vectors. Therefore, the careful selection of salivary antigens is crucial both for the development of serological tools and for the development of vaccines against leishmaniasis. This thesis summarizes the current knowledge on recombinant salivary proteins of sand flies, their properties, and their potential use. Keywords: salivary proteins, recombinant proteins, immune response, markers of exposure, vaccine candidate