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Analysis of the environmental programmes of non-governmental organisations and their use by schools
No full textIn the theoretical part, the thesis will deal with the issue of sustainable development, its goals and three pillars (economic, social and environmental). In the empirical part, the work will deal with the issue of environmental education in the Czech Republic, which is considered as a cross-cutting topic in the Framework educational programme for basic schools. Often, the goals of environmental education are fulfilled using the various programmes of the non-governmental organizations, or ecocenters. Ecocenters in the Czech Republic are parts of two large networks - the network of ecological education centers (NEEC) Pavučina and possibly the portal from the Ministry of the Environment. This work is based on the analysis of information obtained from educational programmes offered by centers under NEEC Pavučina. A total of 2264 programmes from 56 ecological centers and their branches were analysed. The aim of this analysis was to determine whether the offered programmes have an overlap with the education for sustainability or whether they are focused only on the environmental pillar. The research also included a questionnaire survey which eas sent to ecocenters. The goal of the questionnaire was to complement the results of the analysis with the view of ecocenters. The results showed that most of the..
Affinity chromatography for the analysis of selected proteins in honey
No full textHoney is currently one of the most adulterated foods despite advances in analytical methods. The aim of this thesis is to use proteomic methods to contribute to the characterization of proteins in honey for quality and authenticity assessment. The potential of affinity chromatography with p-aminobenzamidine (p-ABA) as a ligand for the analysis of proteins in honey was investigated. In one part of the thesis, 10 complex honey samples were analysed, revealing the presence of proteins that do not belong in honey in 90% of the samples. Aspergillus niger α-amylase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae invertase and soybean storage proteins were identified in the honeys. These protein contaminants can enter honey in different ways, either by adding enzymatically prepared syrup to honey, feeding the bees, or in the case of α-amylase, by direct addition in attempt to increase diastase activity, which is legislatively monitored. Furthermore, adulterated acacia honey and authentic acacia honey were analysed by affinity chromatography with p-ABA as ligand. Comparison of electrophoretic profiles showed that almost all proteins in the honey were bound to p-ABA and eluted by both calcium and zinc ions, although there were differences between the fractions. Analysis of the samples using this method did not result in the..
Characterization of immunopathological processes involved in development of age-related macular degeneration
No full textAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss. Its development is associated with complex immunopathological processes in the retina, involving chronic inflammation and dysregulation of retinal immune homeostasis. The inflammatory response in AMD involves several key components, such as the complement system, microglia, macrophages, mast cells, T lymphocytes, and associated alterations in the production of cytokines. This thesis explores current therapeutic options for AMD and future perspectives in its treatment. Advances in immunotherapy and immune cell modulation offer promising options for developing more effective and targeted treatment strategies that aim to restore immune balance in the retina. Key words: age-related macular degeneration, microglia, macrophage, monocyte, mast cell, T- lymphocyte, complement system, cytokine, retina, choroidal neovascularizatio
Should we farm fish to support bird diversity? The conservation value of freshwater fishponds for waterbirds
No full textFishponds have emerged as important artificial aquatic habitats, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, where natural wetlands are in decline. This thesis explores the dual ecological role of fishponds in supporting waterbird populations-as potential refuges under biodiversity- sensitive management, or as ecological traps in poorly managed systems. Through a literature review the thesis examines how pond characteristics such as fish biomass, vegetation cover, and hydroperiod influence habitat suitability, breeding success, and use of ponds as migratory stopover sites. Findings indicate moderate fish stocking, intermediate vegetation density, and stable water regimes consistently support higher diversity and reproductive success. Conversely, intensification or neglect leads to ecological mismatches and reduced viability. The study emphasizes the importance of adaptive fishpond management and multifunctional landscape design in balancing aquaculture production with long-term waterbird conservation. Keywords: fishponds, waterbirds, ecological traps, artificial wetlands, biodiversity conservation, habitat management, migration ecolog
The Invisible World of Lorenz Hubený. A Contribution to the Education of Visually Impaired People in Austrian Monarchy around 1800
No full textThe dissertation deals with the topic of care for people with visual impairments around the year 1800 in the Czech lands. In the first part, it addresses the broader contexts of the political, social and economic transformation of the individual's position since the mid-17th century, which redefined what it means to be a "useful person" for society. Related to this was a change in the view of people with visual impairments, who were perceived as a significantly problematic individual for a long time in Europe. In the second part, philosophical and theoretical discourses (Descartes, Diderot) are presented, which redefined the perception of vision, the eye and "blindness" and established the possibility of accepting people who cannot see. Hand in hand with this also went the dynamic development of medicine, specifically ophthalmology, without which a modern care for people with this handicap cannot be imagined. The third part is devoted to Vienna and Johann Wilhelm Klein. He is one of the European pioneers in the care of people with visual impairments, because in 1808 he founded the first institution of this type in the Habsburg Monarchy. Attention is also paid to his influential handbook comprehensively discussing the possibilities of education. Within this section, the pedagogical thinking of the time..
Geoengineering - a tool to affect Earth's global radiation balance
No full textGeoengineering, also called solar geoengineering or climate engineering, is a tool to offset the impacts of climate change by changing the Earth's radiation balance through altering the albedo of atmosphere, clouds or Earth's surface. Geoengineering methods are either surface- based, atmosphere-based or space-based. While it has the ability to lower mean global surface temperature, geoengineering also causes changes in the world's hydrological cycle, polar sea ice area, atmospheric and oceanic circulations, sea level and affects numerous other climate aspects. Geoengineering has been designed as a temporary solution to counteract anthropogenic climate change while mitigation measures such as emission reductions and carbon dioxide removal methods take place. Despite the ability to offset global warming, geoengineering schemes also have many negative impacts. However, there may come a time in the near future, when the negative impacts of climate change outweigh the negative impacts of geoengineering and geoengineering is chosen to be implemented. For this reason, the impacts of geoengineering on the climate system are being studied in climate models to come up with the best estimates of the effects of geoengineering on a future climate
The role of mitochondria during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation
No full textInfertility represents one of the significant health issues nowadays. The steadily growing demand for assisted reproductive technologies reflects this issue and simultaneously drives the need for continuous improvement and innovation of assisted reproduction methods. In vitro maturation (IVM) offers a promising alternative as it avoids hormonal stimulation, which can be risky. However, its success rates are still lower than those of IVF or in vivo embryo production, and largely depend on the quality of oocytes. The aim of thesis was to analyze the effect of the maturation medium FLI on maturation success, parthenogenetic activation, and its impact on cytoplasmic maturation. The goal was to compare two maturation media, the commonly used TCM 199 and the optimized FLI. Compare those results between oocytes from large follicles (LF), commonly used for assisted reproduction, and small follicles (SF), which have not yet completed their growth phase and are not therefore not ready for the maturation. In our laboratory conditions, we achieved maturation success of 43,8 % for SF and 70,7 % for LF oocytes in the TCM 199. In the optimized FLI medium, the maturation success was 78,7 % for SF and 89,5 % for LF. In terms of parthenogenetic activation, we achieved higher cleavage rates of zygotes (SF 78,4 % and..
Perception of hospitalization (analysis of children's drawings)
No full textAuthor: Vanesa Veselá Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of non - medical studies Title: Perception of hospitalization (analysis of children's drawings) Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc. Number of pages: 98 Number of attachments: 0 Year of defense: 2025 Key words: child, hospitalization, emotions, development, drawing, nursing This bachelor's thesis explores the perception of hospitalization by children. The theoretical part focuses on developmental characteristics of children, their needs during illness, the role of family and healthcare staff during hospitalization, and the importance of drawing as a means of emotional expression. The practical part presents a qualitative research based on the analysis of drawings and statements of children aged 6-15. The results indicate that hospitalization is mainly perceived negatively - as an experience associated with pain, fear, and loneliness. The presence of parents and an empathetic attitude of healthcare professionals play a significant role in coping with the situation. Drawing proved to be a useful tool in conveying children's inner experiences
Role of music in the concentration camps with a focus on ghetto Terezín
No full textThis bachelor thesis deals with the topic of concentration camps and the role of music in them. Special attention is paid to the Terezín ghetto. The aim of the thesis is to map the role of music in Terezín through the main musical works that were produced in the ghetto. In addition, to determine the impact of musical activities in Terezín on the survivors and their post-war lives through interviews preserved in the USC Shoah Foundation's digital visual history archive. In particular, the thesis focuses on how selected survivors recall music in Terezín in hindsight and what role it played in their lives after the war. Or if some of them, for example, were influenced by the musical activities they were involved in in the Terezín ghetto to pursue music in their professional careers. The thesis combines the perspectives of the scholarly literature with the testimony of eyewitnesses who recall the events more than fifty years after the end of the war in order to achieve a deeper understanding of the topic under investigation. In the first part, he describes the musical activities in Terezín, especially the main musical works, and more on the opera Brundibár. In the second part, the thesis focuses on selected testimonies of survivors and defines the main thematic areas, according to the topics most..