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History of art as a teaching subject
No full textThe thesis focuses on the teaching of art history in secondary schools in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to clarify the basic concepts related to art history as a teaching subject, to map the teaching materials and methods used and to define the position of this subject within the curriculum documents of grammar schools and secondary vocational and art schools. The thesis also includes a comparison of four selected schools - a grammar school, a vocational secondary school, an arts and crafts secondary school and an arts and crafts school - in order to compare approaches to the teaching of art history in terms of content, methods and educational objectives. The research part is based on a qualitative investigation in the form of semi-structured interviews with teachers and a quantitative questionnaire survey among students of four secondary schools, in which 104 respondents participated. The results of the research show the diversity of teaching approaches, certain gaps in the range of available didactic materials and the need for innovative tools to promote a deeper understanding of the visual arts. On the basis of these findings, the didactic part of the thesis was created, which presents a proposal of four double-sided worksheets intended for different grades of secondary schools...
To cope with reality: Alcohol as a coping mechanism of Czech journalists
No full textThis masters' thesis is primarily focused on the question whether or not Czech journalists use alcohol and/or other substances such as nicotine or marihuana to cope with stress associated with their work. The theoretical part is focused on providing a knowledge base for stress, its sources, coping strategies and alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic, and an insight into various stressors that are or can be a part of journalists' work. The practical part builds upon a theoretical framework in the previous section and consists mainly of quantitative research in the form of a questionnaire, conducted among 153 of Czech journalists between June and July of 2025. It also contains an analysis and interpretation of the collected data. This dataset points to the conclusion that majority of the respondents are drinking alcohol hazardously and most of these respondents find a certain level of stress relief in drinking alcohol. These data also show that more than half of nicotine users among respondents find certain stress relief in such usage. While not able to prove anything generalizable, due to a significantly small sample size, it provides basic data that can be built upon
The effect of dance and martial arts on sarcopenia parameters in older females aged 65 years and over
No full textBackground: Sarcopenia, defined by the progressive decline in muscle mass, strength, and function, presents an increasing challenge within ageing populations. This issue is particularly pronounced among older women, who are disproportionately affected due to hormonal changes, lower baseline muscle reserves, and increased longevity. Despite this, prevailing diagnostic methods and exercise interventions often prioritize maximal muscle strength, frequently overlooking critical factors such as muscle fatigability and muscle quality, which are closely associated with real-world functional decline. In response to these limitations, somatic-based interventions, including dance and martial arts, have garnered attention as multidimensional strategies that not only enhance physical function but also support cognitive, emotional, and social well-being. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two somatic-based interventions-dance and martial arts-on muscle morphology, function, and body composition in older women. Ultrasound was employed as the primary tool for assessing muscle morphology and sarcopenia risk. Additional emphasis was placed on measuring muscle fatigability as another parameter related to sarcopenia. A secondary objective was to explore correlations among key sarcopenia- related..
Polyphony in Le Rouge et le Noir: Authorial intrusions through the prism of the polyphonic theory ScaPoLine
No full text: This bachelor's thesis explores the phenomenon of polyphony in Le Rouge et le Noir by Stendhal, analyzed through the lens of the Scandinavian Polyphonic Linguistic Theory (ScaPoLine). The research aims to uncover how authorial intrusions are linguistically encoded within the novel, especially in the form of argumentative connectors, modal adverbs, and tense choices, and how these elements contribute to the emergence of multiple points of view. Following an overview of the main enunciative theories (Chapter 2), including those of Benveniste, Culioli, Desclés, and Ducrot, Chapter 3 introduces ScaPoLine as a modular and bottom-up framework designed to describe the encoding of multiple discursive perspectives. Central concepts such as the Discours Idéal, the Configuration (LOC, ê-ds, PDV), and the distinction between saying and showing (Chapter 3.3.2) are presented and illustrated. The textual analysis (Chapter 4) focuses primarily on the connector mais, shown to function as a polyphonic operator within the narrative structure. The study reveals how such markers encode a tension between presupposed, doxal viewpoints and subjective authorial positions. Through close reading of selected passages, it is demonstrated how polyphony serves not only to reflect a multiplicity of voices, but also to stage..
Sequential synthesis of sugar nucleotides
No full textSugar nucleotides serve as glycosyl donor for glycosyltransferases (EC 2.4) and are responsible for the catalysis of various sugar and non-sugar acceptors, affording oligosaccharides and diverse glycoconjugates. In vivo they are involved in cellular communication, immune response, and serve as structural molecules. The main challenge in utilizing glycosyltransferases is the high cost and limited availability of sugar nucleotides. The solution is to produce these compounds in the largest possible quantities from cost-effective starting materials. In this work, four enzymes for the production of three different sugar nucleotides were expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified: UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, UDP- N-acetylglucosamine a UDP-galactose. The activity and stability of all enzymes were determined. Then, the synthesis of these sugar nucleotides was performed using repetitive batch synthesis. The resulting products were isolated and characterized by NMR. Keywords E. coli; glycosidase; glycosyltransferase; human milk oligosaccharide; synthesi
Care allowance and the quality of life of people providing care
No full textThis thesis focuses on the quality of life of informal caregivers who provide long-term care to their relatives at home while receiving care allowance. The theoretical part outlines the legal framework of the care allowance, defines key concepts such as informal care, caregiving, quality of life and discusses both the positive and negative aspects of caregiving. The empirical part is based on qualitative research conducted through semi-structured interviews with eight participants caring for persons in stages III and IV dependency. The aim of the research was to explore how caregivers perceive their quality of life, what services they use, what challenges they face and what kind of support they need. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that while caregiving is perceived as meaningful, it also imposes significant psychological and physical strain, financial burden and time constraints. Key coping factors include the availability of social services, family support and opportunities to share their experiences. The thesis concludes with suggestions for systemic improvements to better support informal caregivers
Volunteer or personal assistant - client's motivation for utilizing both types of services in leisure activities
No full textPossibilities and limits of residential respite care facilities for the older adults from the perspective of informal caregivers
No full textThe aim of the thesis is to identify the perception of the adverse social situation from the perspective of informal caregivers who used the respite care of the Municipal Institute of Social Services Jirkov in the care of the older adults, together with a description of its possibilities and limits. Considering the current issues of the development of care in natural environment, social and legislative anchoring of informal carers, I also focused in my thesis on the description of the possibilities and limits of care in natural environment with the positives and negatives faced by informal carers. The thesis takes the form of a case study and is specifically focused on the respite care of the aforementioned organisation. The research investigation was conducted through a semi-structured interview in the respite care department with informal carers. The research investigation showed that the respite care of the Municipal Institute of Social Services is able to address the adverse social situation of not only informal carers but also of the older adults who receive care. Based on the data collected from informal carers, I proposed changes for better training of social workers together with a project for the establishment of a support group
Errors and Mistakes - Part of Undergraduate Training in German Language Teaching
No full textThe presented dissertation deals with the issue of working with errors and mistakes. The issue is presented from the perspective of students of German language teaching. The text presents the theory of errors, deals with the interference and transfer of Czech and English into German, and also gives a more detailed characterization of these languages. The thesis further touches upon the concept of multilingualism and foreign language didactics, introduces the Framework Educational Program for Primary Education, and does not neglect the role of teachers and textbooks in teaching. The basis of the research of this thesis was a German- written text containing errors. This text was submitted for correction to students of Czech faculties of education which provide courses in German. The results of students from Czech universities were compared with the results of students from foreign universities in Germany and Austria who corrected the same German-written text. Students from Czech universities corrected significantly fewer errors correctly than their foreign colleagues. The research also included a questionnaire in which students from Czech universities were asked not only about the positive and negative influence of their mother tongue and English on their German production, but they were also asked..