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Professional Ethics of a Pharmacist
No full textTato práce ukazuje, že etika sociálních důsledků (ESD) může sloužit jako robustní etický rámec pro morální uvažování lékárníků, srovnatelný s deontologickou etikou (kantovskou) a etikou ctnosti (aristotelskou). Zaměřuje se zejména na etické otázky důvěrnosti a ochrany soukromí zdravotních informací pacientů a na alokaci vzácných léků během jejich nedostatku. Morální odpovědnost je ústředním tématem první z těchto otázek, zatímco spravedlnost dominuje druhé. Kritický přehled identifikuje hlavní omezení obou dalších etických přístupů - například rigiditu a neřešitelné konflikty povinností v deontologické etice nebo nedostatek konkrétních principů a subjektivitu v etice ctnosti - spolu s častým zanedbáváním důsledků rozhodnutí. Účinnost ESD je v praxi demonstrována na dvou podrobných případových studiích. V těchto studiích jsou nejprve ukázána hlavní omezení zbývajících dvou rámců a následně řešena prostřednictvím strukturovaného, ale flexibilního přístupu, který explicitně zohledňuje důsledky rozhodnutí. Dále práce rozvíjí koncept dynamického mravního subjektu v rámci ESD. Tento koncept podporuje průběžné, reflexivní hodnocení rozhodnutí lékárníků a jejich dopadu na jednotlivé pacienty i širší společnost. Práce rovněž porovnává ESD s pojetím spravedlnosti Amartyi Sena a imperativem odpovědnosti..
"Old maids are notoriously inquisitive.": Subversion of gender and age stereotyping using the example of Miss Marple
No full textThe thesis examines the development of the character of Miss Marple using intersectional gender analysis. The analysis uses elements of feminist literary criticism, especially the method of resistant reading by Judith Fetterley. The theoretical part of the thesis draws on literary sources dealing with the detective genre and specifically Agatha Christie from a feminist perspective. The analytical part then analyses the first and last novels with Miss Marple in the role of investigator (The Murder at the Vicarage and Nemesis). Attention is focused on the formation and performance of the character's gender and its interaction with other layers of the personality, especially older age and small-town origin. The comparison of the portrayal of Miss Marple in both novels illustrates her development over a period of more than forty years
Comparison of Obama and Trump Arctic Policies and Their Impact on US-Canada Relations
No full textThis bachelor's thesis compares the Arctic strategies of the Barack Obama and Donald Trump administrations and their effects on the bilateral relationship between the United States and Canada. The thesis uses the idea of cooperative and coercive approaches in foreign policy to examine how the different strategies of the two administrations influenced cooperation in environmental protection, energy policy, and geopolitics in the Arctic. Through a comparative case study, it shows that the Obama administration focused on multilateral cooperation, climate policy, and working together with Canada, while the Trump administration favored a more unilateral approach, prioritized energy development without much concern for environmental impact, and emphasized American national interests in the Arctic. These differences affected the level and quality of cooperation between the two countries. The thesis helps to better understand how U.S. Arctic policy has changed and how it influences important transatlantic relations in the context of shifting global conditions and geopolitical interests
Development of the SM-PAT tool for assessing slackline skills and evaluating its validity
No full textThe aim of this study was to develop a new tool for assessing slacklining skills and to evaluate its validity. The newly created SM-PAT - Slackliner's Movement Performance Assessment Tool - assesses slacklining performance based on 19 parameters grouped into four constructs: movement flow, coordination, posture, and tactics. Twenty slackliners participated in the study and were divided into three performance groups (elite, experienced, and beginners) based on the longest distance they had successfully walked on a slackline. Their performances on a 13-meter slackline were recorded and subsequently evaluated by three independent judges using the SM-PAT. The results showed that the differences in SM-PAT scores between the performance groups were highly significant. The total variance in scores between groups accounted for 77% of the overall percentage distribution. The construct of posture showed the largest effect size (ηpš = 0.82), while coordination showed the smallest (ηpš = 0.58). However, all constructs demonstrated statistically significant differences among the performance groups. The new SM-PAT tool has the potential to become a valuable indicator of movement skill level in slacklining and to contribute to the improvement of movement quality in this discipline. KEYWORDS Slacklining; Motor..
Reaction of the Permanent Members of the UN Security Council to the Development of the Nuclear Program of the DPRK
No full textValérie Kadlečková Reaction of the Permanent Members of the UN Security Council to the Development of the Nuclear Program of the DPRK (Diploma Thesis) Abstract The diploma thesis is interested in the reaction of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council to the development of the nuclear program of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The purpose of the thesis is to offer comprehensive information about reactions of these chosen states, including the efforts of stopping the development of the DPRK's nuclear program and sanctions imposed on the country for developing its nuclear program. For the research purposes I use factors posing a threat defined by Walt's Balance of Threat Theory, and I apply it to the reaction of the states. During the research I therefore determine whether aggregate strength or power, geographical proximity, offensive capabilities and aggressive intentions of the DPRK pose a threat to the individual states and whether their real reaction to the situation corresponds with the reaction expected due to the threat. During this case study research I work with descriptive data gathered from academic sources and official databases. After applying factors posing a threat to the permanent members of the UN Security Council I came to the conclusion, that the development..
Pledge of Enterprise
No full text- 1 - Pledge over a business enterprise Abstract This thesis analyzes the legal institute of a pledge over a business enterprise under Czech law, focusing on its theoretical framework, practical applicability, and key interpretative and procedural challenges. Although the legal regulation of pledge over a business enterprise appears clear and systematic at first glance, practical application reveals ambiguities that undermine its utility and effectiveness in transactions. The first section examines the nature of a business enterprise as a legal object, defining it within the context of Czech and foreign legal systems. The analysis then shifts to the legal construction of the pledge over a business enterprise, including requirements for the form of the pledge agreement, the moment of creation of the pledge, and its registration in relevant public registers. The thesis critically addresses whether the pledge over a business enterprise is created as a whole or whether its creation must extend to individual components of the enterprise, particularly those subject to registration in public registers. Subsequent sections explore the collision of pledges, the priority of pledges, and the prohibition of multi-layered pledges over individual components of the enterprise. The work evaluates the implications of these..
Recombination of ions with electrons in astrophysically relevant plasma
No full textObject of study of this research were preparatory measurements necessary for the study of the recombination of the molecular ion HCO+ with electrons. HCO+ is widely represented in the interstellar plasma where it is an important indicator of molecular hydrogen. Specifically the growing dependence of collisional broadening of spectral lines on temperature of plasma was discovered. Coefficients of collisional broadening were evaluated at temperatures 80 and 155 K and they were used to determine the kinetic temperatures of ions for nominal temperatures between 158 and 190 K, which led to comparison of accuracy of usage of the computed coefficients. Thermal dependency of the evaluated collisional broadening coefficients was compared with results for N2H+ ion and an order match and same growing tendency was found
Development of optical quantum sensors using fluorescent nanodiamonds
No full textFluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers represent a powerful platform for quantum sensing in biological environments. The NV center is a specific type of defect in the diamond crystal lattice, exhibiting optically readable spin states that are highly sensitive to magnetic field fluctuations, which influence the T1 spin relaxation time of the NV center. In this work, we developed FND-based quantum sensors that rely on changes in T1 relaxation time as an indicator of the presence and spatial arrangement of nearby paramagnetic species. To control the positioning of paramagnetic labels, we used rigid DNA nanostructures as molecular rulers, allowing precise placement of the labels at defined distances from the FND surface. The FNDs were chemically activated and functionalized with these DNA constructs designed to ensure structural integrity of the spin labeling system, colloidal stability, and suitability for relaxometry measurements. As the paramagnetic labels, we used gadolinium ions (Gd3+ ), which generate magnetic noise that leads to shortening of the T1 relaxation time depending on their concentration and proximity to the NV centers. We successfully synthesized a series of FND constructs with varied spatial arrangements and densities of adjacent gadolinium spin..
Voltammetric determination of the thyroid hormone thyroxine on a boron-doped diamond electrode
No full textThis bachelor thesis deals with the development of a new electoanalytical method for the detection and determination of thyroxine, a thyroid hormone, using an unmodified boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode, and on the verification of the its applicability in simulated blood serum and in real human plasma. The measurement conditions were optimized, namely the termination of the BDD electrode surface, the type and pH of the supporting electrolyte, and the parameters of the selected voltammetric technique, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Two surface terminations of the BDD electrode were tested: mechanically polished (p-BDD) and anodically oxidized (O-BDD). Electrochemical characterization of the BDD electrode using the redox markers [Ru(NH3)6]3+/2+ and [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− revealed that [Ru(NH3)6]3+/2 is not sensitive to the state of the BDD electrode surface, while Fe(CN)6]3−/4− showed a strong dependence. Subsequent measurements with thyroxine demonstrated an electrochemical response only at p-BDD, which is probably related to the lower content of oxygen-containing functional groups after polishing. Therefore, further experiments were carried out exclusively with p-BDD. The optimal pH for the detection of thyroxine was found to be 2.0, which provided the highest analytical response. A phosphate..
The use of the plyometric method for the development of strength abilities of the lower limbs in gymnastics
No full textTitle: Use of Plyometric Method for the Development of Lower Limb Strength Abilities in Gymnastics Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to collect, describe, and evaluate all scientific studies focused on the plyometric method for developing lower limb strength abilities in gymnastics. Methods: This bachelor thesis was conducted using a systematic literature review in accordance with the PRISMA statement guidelines. Scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and EBSCOhost were used to search for studies. Sources were selected based on predefined criteria derived from the research questions of this thesis. Selected publications were processed using MS Excel and the reference manager Zotero. Subsequently, the studies were analyzed, compared, and also assessed for risk of bias and comprehensively characterized. Results: A total of 17 studies that met the predefined criteria were included in the final analysis. All studies confirmed that plyometric training has a positive effect on the development of lower limb strength abilities in female and male gymnasts. Improvements were most commonly observed in explosive strength, jump height, and overall jumping performance, which are key factors for successful execution of gymnastic elements. The results also showed that proper..