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Sweden's Crime Wave and External Perceptions: An Analysis of Italian and British Media Coverage of Its Crisis
No full textU.S.-Vietnam Relations During the Obama Administration in the Context of the Pivot to Asia
No full textThis thesis deals with the influence of foreign policy of the "Pivot to Asia", promoted by the administration of President Barack Obama in 2009-2016, on the relations between the United States and Vietnam. The main subject of the research is to determine how Obama's Pivot policy was reflected in mutual relations and what role did Chinese assertiveness in the region play in shaping these relations. The initial hypothesis was that the Pivot to Asia led to deepening cooperation in the economic and security areas, but was limited by Vietnam's need to avoid direct confrontation with China. The research of this thesis is a combination of Foreign Policy Analysis and content analysis of expert studies, speeches of government officials and official documents. The analysis focuses on two aspects of relations - economic and security. The result of the thesis showed that Chinese assertiveness in the South China Sea undoubtedly intensified the strategic motivations of both sides to improve mutual relations. However, obstacles to deepening US-Vietnam cooperation were often also determined by domestic political pressures. In the US, some initiatives were slowed down by the Congress, where there were concerns about domestic industry and the Vietnamese human rights situation. In Vietnam, the reform and conservative..
Mechanisms of autoantigen egress from seminiferous tubules.
No full textTesticular immune privilege has been investigated by immunologists for decades, yet its underlying mechanisms remain only partially understood. It is established that antigens (Ags) originating from meiotic germ cells are poorly represented in the thymus, meaning that central tolerance alone is insufficient to prevent potential self-reactive T cell responses against these antigens. Sequestration of such immunogenic Ags behind a tightly sealed blood-testis barrier (BTB) in an immune-privileged compartment was thought to provide protection from potential autoimmune attack. However, more recent findings challenge this dogma. It was shown that meiotic germ cell-derived Ags are not strictly confined behind the BTB and can come out to the interstitial space, where immune cells reside. Moreover, the epididymal lumen-where sperm is stored-has also been found to be accessible to immune cells capable of acquiring sperm-derived antigens. As the field begins to re-evaluate the mechanism maintaining tolerance to meiotic germ cell-derived and sperm-derived Ags, we decided to investigate the role of testicular macrophages in establishment of immune tolerance to meiotic germ cell-derived Ags that egress from behind BTB. We have evaluated two novel transgenic mouse models, each with a distinct promotor for a..
REM Sleep and Emotional Processing: Insights from the Ventral Hippocampus in Rats
No full textIn memory-related processes, sleep plays a pivotal role, with most studies focusing on non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. On the other hand, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been hypothesized to contribute uniquely to emotional processing. The hippocampus is a neural structure critical for memory and spatial navigation, with extensive literature documenting the dorsal hippocampus's involvement in these domains. In contrast, the ventral hippocampus remains comparatively understudied, although emerging evidence implicates its roles in emotional regulation. This thesis seeks to bridge these ideas by investigating how emotional experiences modulate ventral hippocampal activity during REM sleep. Using electrophysiological data recorded from the rat hippocampus after either rewarding or aversive waking experiences, we examine changes in sleep architecture and neural dynamics. First, we characterize sleep structure, such as the duration of sleep epochs and sleep depth. We found minor variations linked to the valence of the preceding experience, with more prominent effects arising from circadian factors. Subsequent analyses of local field potentials focused on spectral power and phase locking within hippocampal oscillations, revealing no significant differences between reward and aversion conditions...
The election policy in the context of persons with disabilities
No full textIn this thesis I focuse on how the conditions for voting in elections are formulated and how the voting process actually unfolds in the Czech Republic in the context of people with disabilities. The aim is to understand how "the politics of elections" is constituted - how various practices, rules, and meanings are reproduced, legitimized, and transformed through socio-material elements, organizational procedures, and their contexts. Theoretically, I draw on a conceptualization of politics as an ongoing process, the concept of organizational routines, and an understanding of socio-material elements as active agents. My research is based on ethnographic methods, combining participant observation, interview, and document analysis. In the study I show that although the electoral process appears orderly and routine, it is in fact fragile. Its stability is the outcome of continuous efforts to maintain control over organizational procedures. The form of these routines depends on the motivations and interpretations of election commission members, assistants, and voters, as well as the practices they enact. Policy-makers prioritize ensuring that the outcome of elections is perceived as legitimate. They link legitimacy to principles such as transparency of procedures, directness, secrecy of the vote, and the..
Association of gut viruses with the risk of celiac disease
No full textCeliac disease (CD) is a chronic multifactorial immune-mediated disorder that most often develops during infancy in genetically predisposed subjects consuming gluten. However, only a small proportion of individuals with a genetic risk develops CD, as environmental factors might be crucial for the development of the disease. For instance, infections or diet can play a role. Viral infections are considered to be important candidates in the pathogenesis of CD. In my previous work, I have already studied the association of gut enterovirus and adenovirus infections with the subsequent CD. In addition, parechovirus, which we were also able to detect with high sensitivity and genotyped them in samples, could also play a role in the pathogenesis of CD. Moreover, thanks to the development of metagenomic sequencing methods, we were able to test the association of the gut DNA virome (the set of all gut DNA viruses, especially bacteriophages) with the subsequent development of CD. In the Norwegian prospective birth cohort MIDIA, we observed a significantly higher frequency of parechovirus gut infections before CD development. Within two large prospective birth cohorts, Norwegian MIDIA and Finnish DIPP, we have analyzed more than 2000 viromes and classified novel viruses based on virus dark matter. No..
Representation of sects in the Czech audio-media space: Discursive analysis of the podcast Sekty CZ
No full textAbscract (in English): This bachelor's thesis examines the ways in which sects are represented in the Czech audio- media landscape. The aim of the thesis is to explore how sects and their members are portrayed through linguistic and narrative devices. The analyzed material consists of the podcast series Sekty CZ, which provides an overview of seven religious movements present in the Czech Republic. The podcast format was chosen for its narrative character and its ability to present detailed testimonies of individual actors. The thesis applies the method of critical discourse analysis as developed by Norman Fairclough, which enables the connection between linguistic analysis and broader power and social structures
Development of Communicative Competence in Children in Nursery School
No full textThe topic of the diploma thesis is the development of communication competencies of preschool age children. The theoretical part provides an explanation of fundamental concepts such as communication, the development of a children's speech, corrupted communication ability, and communication according to the Framework Educational Program for Preschool Education (FEP PE). It also focuses on the development of a children's movement and the development of individual language levels. The practical part includes a set of tasks focused on individual language levels inserted into the Lapbook, which serves as a basis for the development of children's communication competences in the last year of preschool education. The research was conducted in two phases with a time interval of four months. The Lapbook was used for the survey as a tool for monitoring and supporting the development of individual language levels. The research sample consisted of ten children from kindergarten. Five with a postponement of school attendance and five without a postponement of school attendance. The aim of the survey was not only to evaluate the current state of children's language skills, but also to verify the effectiveness of the selected development methods and the possible development of communication competences. The..
Nursing care of an infant with congenital hip dysplasia
No full textThis bachelor's thesis deals with the most common congenital developmental disorder in children - developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part provides an overview of the anatomical structure of the hip joint, hip development, and the condition of congenital (developmental) hip dysplasia itself, including its incidence and etiology. It also covers diagnostic methods and treatment approaches, both conservative and surgical, and, last but not least, rehabilitation, with a particular focus on the Vojta method. Furthermore, it maps nursing, medical, and physiotherapeutic care for patients undergoing traction treatment. The empirical part focuses on mapping the issue of congenital hip dysplasia, assessing the awareness of parents of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip regarding the condition itself, its treatment, screening, and care for a child with this disorder. The aim of this thesis is to gather practical insights that may benefit both parents of affected children and healthcare professionals. Additionally, it seeks to compile relevant information and create a concise informational leaflet for parents about congenital hip dysplasia, as well as an educational care plan for a child in a hip spica cast
Cross-country skiing at small-class schools in the Krkonoše mountaion with an optima design off the thematic plan.
No full textIntroduction: Among the important figures of Czech skiing is Jan Buchar, who was the first to introduce cross-country skiing into physical education classes in mountain areas and influenced the development of this sport in the Czech lands. This sport has a long tradition in our country and is one of the popular sports in the winter season and from the beginning it has had not only sporting, but also educational and pedagogical significance. Objectives: The aim of this work is to analyze the school educational programs of selected small-class schools in terms of including cross-country skiing in physical education lessons and to characterize the teaching of cross-country skiing at these schools. Based on the knowledge gained, to create methodologically related sample preparations for cross-country skiing for physical education lessons and to verify them in practice. Methods: A qualitative research method of structured guided interview was chosen. The questions are designed in a logical sequence from general topics to specific ones. Furthermore, a content analysis of documents and official websites of individual schools was performed. Results: Eight small-class schools were included in the research, which actively participated. Half of the identified schools have cross-country skiing in their school..