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Following Western Conceptions of Masculinity:Homohysteria and Transgressive Bodies in a Masculine Turkish Environment
No full textThis article uses qualitative interview data derived from 18 Turkish gay males who exist within in a traditionally masculine space in order to examine for a social movement pattern based in relation to the Western context. In examining the entanglement of homophobia with cisgender masculine social hierarchies it suggests similarity between current Turkish culture and historical American culture: that the antecedent of homophobia facilitates an approximate social process of hierarchy-making that privileges heterosexuality and cisgender bodies while stigmatising femininity and queer bodies. Results also show limited signs of resistance, with a differing embodiment of hypertrophic bodies, and cautious optimism with aspirations of liberation through adopted western identity politics.</p
Development and validation of the Winchester Adolescent Wellbeing Scale:a holistic measure of children's wellbeing
No full textMany existing measures of adolescent wellbeing tend to overlook the perspectives of children and are frequently one-dimensional or designed for specific contexts. We argue that a comprehensive assessment of wellbeing should cover multiple aspects of a child’s wellbeing and that this cannot be done using a single dimension or a limited selection of items. This study aimed to develop and show the initial validation for the Winchester Adolescent Wellbeing Scale (WAWS). We adopted a person-based participatory approach where the inclusion of children’s perspectives was used to define wellbeing and develop the structure of the scale. This ensured children’s voices and experiences were central to the instrument’s creation. The five-factor scale, validated with 422 adolescents aged 11–16, demonstrated robust model fit (RMSEA = 0.07, χ2/d.f. = 2.23, TLI = 0.91, CFI = 0.92) and internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha exceeding 0.8 across subdimensions). The WAWS has theoretical significance through incorporating adolescents’ perspectives and offering a context-independent and multifaceted wellbeing scale
Mechanical load differences between practice and match play in badminton
No full textBadminton is a demanding high-intensity intermittent sport, which has a high injury rate compared to other racket sports. The racket leg and lower back are particularly susceptible to injury due to the high mechanical loads experienced from repetitive jumping actions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical load differences on landing between predictable practice activities and competitive match play. Nineteen national and international standard badminton players participated in this study. Participants randomly undertook a match play and multifeed trial with Vicon Blue Trident IMU sensors collecting mechanical load data from the shank of the racket leg and the lower back. All trials were digitally recorded and movements to the four corners (forecourt forehand, forecourt backhand, rear court forehand and rear court around the head) were tagged using Dartfish version 10 video analysis software. Results showed the peak mechanical load in the shank of the racket leg and lower back for forecourt and rear court movements to be significantly higher in match play trials compared to multifeed. Match play trials also presented with a greater variation in peak mechanical load. Findings suggest the mechanical load experienced in competitive match play is not simulated by predictable practice activity. Due to the high prevalence of lower back and lower extremity injuries in badminton, findings support the need for badminton practice to contain unpredictable feeding activities to prepare the body for the high mechanical loads of match play. Unpredictable feeding strategies are suggested for coaches
The impact of uninterrupted sitting on central and peripheral cardiovascular function in pre- menopausal and post-menopausal women
Get PDFIndependently, both prolonged uninterrupted sitting and the onset of menopause negatively impact markers of cardiovascular risk. Whether their combination augment these responses additively remains unknown. This study assessed whether prolonged uninterrupted sitting causes greater central and peripheral cardiovascular dysfunction in post-menopausal women compared to pre-menopausal women. To address this, 23 healthy women (13 pre-menopausal [43.77 ± 4.30 years] and 10 post-menopausal [57.20 ± 8.55 years]) sat uninterrupted for 2-h. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), pulse wave analysis (PWA), lower limb venous pooling (HHb), and calf circumference were assessed pre-and post-sitting using general linear mixed models, with age as a covariate. Changes in MAP over time (both between and within groups) was assessed using a two-way repeated-measures-ANOVA. There were no significant interactions for any outcome measures. However, for cf-PWV, there was a significant main effect of group (Δ = 0.854 ± 0.354 m s −1; p = 0.026, ηp 2 = 0.707). For PWA, only heart rate (HR) and pressure forwards (Pf) showed significant main effects 13 of time [Δ = 6 ± 1 bts-min −1, p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.861] and group [Δ = 3.893 ± 1.450 mmHg, p = 0.016, ηp 2 = 0.271], respectively. Both HHb (Δ = 2.737 ± 0.952, p = 0.009, ηp 2 = 0.742) and calf circumference (Δ = 0.812 ± 0.128 cm, p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.863) significantly increased over time. Whilst post-menopausal women demonstrated greater overall arterial stiffness (increased cf-PWV at baseline), there was no difference in cardiovascular response (central or peripheral) to 2-h of prolonged sitting between the pre- and post-menopausal women. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.) </p
The association between breastfeeding duration and adiposity using waist-to-hip ratio and mid-upper arm circumference in South African children aged between one and five years
No full textAccording to WHO estimates, in 2022, over 37 million children aged five and younger were overweight1. Emerging evidence is linking excessive weight gain before the age of 3 years with later cardiometabolic risks2. Breastfeeding has been reported to be protective against early obesity in children between 2 and 6 years of age3. Additionally, breastfeeding infants reduces rapid weight gain at the end of infancy4. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) are cost-effective methods of measuring adiposity distribution. Studies employing these methods in children, particularly in South Africa (SA) are lacking. This study investigates the association between the duration of breastfeeding and WHR and MUAC among a small South African cohort.A cross-sectional study consisting of 262 Black African children aged 1-to-5 years of age was conducted. Children were recruited from local SA clinics via the convenience sampling technique during routine immunisation clinic visits. Data were analysed using R (R-core team 2022) & SPSSVS28 (IBM 2021). The London Metropolitan University sub-ethics committee, the Durban University of Technology (SA University) and the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health granted ethics for the study. The relevant authorities granted gatekeeper permission from all the facilities before the commencement of data collection. Participants gave informed consent in the local language and were made aware that they could withdraw at any time without any consequences. The waist and hip circumference in centimetres were measured using anthropometric tape, WHT was then calculated by dividing the waist circumference by the Hip circumference. The MUAC was measured using a MUAC tape. The measurements were taken by trained personnel Duration of breastfeeding (weeks) was used as the outcome variable and the WHR and (MUAC) were used as predictor variables. Pearson’s correlation test was used to measure the relationship between the predictor variables. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.Of the total 262 children that participated in our study, 50.5% were male while 49.5% were female. The average age of the participants was three years. Our data (both WHR & MUAC) was normally distributed according to the generalised linear model. The minimum breastfeeding duration was zero weeks while the maximum duration was 104 weeks (24 months). The mean waist-to-hip ratio was 0.9143, while the mean MUAC was 16.13cm. According to the Pearson correlation test, breastfeeding duration is negatively associated with both WHR (r = −0.18, p< 0.768) and MUAC (r = 0.17 p< 0.790), but this association is not statistically significant.Increasing breastfeeding duration was weakly associated with a decrease in both WHR and MUAC. In our study, although there is a trend in the correlation between breastfeeding duration, WHR and MUAC, the relationship between these predictors is not significant. Further studies, with larger samples, are needed to validate these findings
Friend or Foe? How Anti-Digital Forensics vs Digital Forensics make or break a case
No full textIn this day and age, it is difficult to imagine technology not being part of our everyday life. However, such can also hold the power to be used for activities that an average consumer may not partake in. This chapter focuses on anti-digital forensics and digital forensics methods. Hence, it examines detection avoidance strategies and establishes current investigation and prevention methods when a crime is committed with the help of technologies within cyberspace, reaching from device forensics to data hiding. The cases of the San Bernardino shooting, hacktivist group 'Anonymous,' EncroChat, and the Shadowz Brotherhood are discussed, examining how offenders utilise technologies such as encryption and data wiping to try to 'outrun' authorities as well as methods authorities implement to keep up with technological advances to prevent and detect these criminal activities.</p
Motherland:The Lived Experiences of New Mothers Attending Community Groups in Developing a Sense of Self and Belonging
No full textIn what ways can attending community groups help to develop a sense of self and belonging for new mothers as they navigate parenthood?Using examples of lived experiences from mothers past and present, Motherland invites readers to explore how community groups have shaped and supported the social identity of their members.Author Amanda Norman considers maternal care beyond the home and the importance of listening to new mothers as they share their lived experiences. Motherland explores women’s community groups from historical and contemporary perspectives, and illustrates the power of a collective group and social identity in shaping mothers’ relationships with their infants and each other.Reflecting on the power of social identity and the importance of community work in supporting parents and families, this book is ideal reading for students of Gender Studies and related courses, Healthcare, Psychology, Sociology, Social Work, Early Childhood Studies, and new parents
Climate lessons from the Cold Edge:rethinking the University as an ethical ecology
Get PDFPurpose: This largely conceptual study aims to draw from the author’s experience of conversations with Svalbard’s educators, lessons for international higher education institutions’ engagement with climate change education and thinking for non-specialists. Design/methodology/approach: In situ discussions with Svalbard’s educators informed the theoretical work of the author towards the development of conceptual conclusions. The theoretical frame used – “Red Biocentrism” – draws on both radical left and green thought to posit an emplaced, materialist understanding of author’s, participants’ and place’s intra-related contributions. Findings: That, insofar as universities represent nodes in an ethical ecology, they have a capacity to realise that which is obvious in Svalbard – their role as embassies for their learning places, generative of spokespeople or ambassadors. Originality/value: There is sparse published research into the work of Svalbard’s climate educators, as a pedagogical project undertaken under such extreme and rapidly changing environmental conditions. This study represents the first to reflect on what can be learnt from the educators of Svalbard by Universities elsewhere
Implementing circular economy through bricolage, frugal innovation and technological turbulence
No full textScholars, practitioners, and policymakers are considering a circular economy (CE) to optimise resource utilisation and tackle issues linked to economic and environmental growth. This research investigates the association between entrepreneurial bricolage, frugal innovation (FI), technological turbulence, and the implementation of CE in Malaysia, an emerging market. The authors tested the hypothesised relationships using legged multi‐source data and analysed them using the Smart‐PLS‐SEM technique. Data revealed that entrepreneurial bricolage is important in encouraging FI and CE. Meanwhile, the mediating role of FI amplified the link between entrepreneurial bricolage and CE. Furthermore, the moderation of technological turbulence amplified the link between entrepreneurial bricolage, FI, and CE. The findings indicate that firms employing a bricolage approach, characterised by accessing, storing, combining, and utilising readily available resources, exhibit enhanced performance during periods of technological turbulence through the implementation of CE and FI