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Unpacking creativity: a neuroscientific investigation into the subprocesses of creative cognition.
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Quo vadis? What next for British archaeology?
Get PDFThe British departure from the European Union has created unprecedented economic uncertainty for the UK, regardless of one’s political viewpoint. As the UK enters a transition period, and the future trade relationship with the EU is being defined, it was perhaps harder than ever to predict what the future holds – even before the emergence of Coronavirus. Outlining the ways in which British and European protections for the historic environment have evolved in parallel, if not often hand-in-hand, offers a glimmer of hope for the future, assuming the economy and political cohesion of the UK can continue to support these protections
(Mis-)understanding COVID-19 and digit ratio: Methodological and statistical issues in Manning and Fink (2020)
Get PDFPredictors of children's health system use: cross-sectional exploratory study of linked data
No full textBACKGROUND: Use of health services is increasing in many countries. Most health service research exploring determinants of use has focused on adults and on secondary care. Less is known about factors associated with the use of the emergency department (ED) and general practice (GP) among young children. OBJECTIVE: To explore factors associated with GP consultations and ED attendances among children under 5 in a single UK city. METHODS: Cross-sectional exploratory study using anonymized individual-level health service use data for children aged 0-4 from 21 GPs in Southampton, UK, linked to ED data, over a 1-year period. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to explore the association of socio-demographic factors [using the 2015 Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) to define socio-economic status] with high service use (defined as more than eight GP consultations and/or two ED attendances respectively). RESULTS: Among 11 062 children, there were 76 092 GP consultations and 6107 ED attendances. Three thousand two hundred thirty-three (29%) children were high users of GP and 564 (5%) of ED services. Greater socio-economic deprivation was independently associated with high use of GP and ED services separately [odds ratios (OR) for most versus least deprived IMD quintile 1.45 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.20-1.75) and 2.21 (95% CI 1.41-3.46), respectively], and together [OR 2.62 (95% CI 1.48-4.65)]. CONCLUSION: Young children are frequent users of health services, particularly GP. Socio-economic deprivation is an important factor. Parents, carers and health services may benefit from interventions that support families in their management of children's health
The role of attention in the development of creativity.
Get PDFCreativity is typically defined as an output that is both novel and effective, and creative ability in adults is strongly linked to attentional processes. Creative thinking requires the attentional flexibility to combine information from internal and external inputs and to switch between ideas and representations, together with the attentional control to resist distraction and persist with an idea over time. There are also indications that attention style may be qualitatively different in highly creative people, although we do not yet have a complete picture of the optimal attentional profile for creativity. However, the relationship between attention and creativity has hardly been explored in children. Consequently we have little understanding of what the developmental attentional milestones for creativity might be. Here we consider the evidence that the development of attention in children is as integral to the development of creativity as it is to other aspects of cognition, and suggest potential avenues for future research
Barozh 12: formation processes of a late Middle Paleolithic open-air site in western Armenia
Get PDFBarozh 12 is a Middle Paleolithic (MP) open-air site located near the Mt Arteni volcanic complex at the margins of the Ararat Depression, an intermontane basin that contains the Araxes River. Sedimentology, micromorphology, geochronology, biomarker evidence, together with an assessment of artifact taphonomy permits the modelling of site formation processes and paleoenvironment at a level of detail not previously achieved in this area. Obsidian MP artifacts were recovered in high densities at Barozh 12 from four stratigraphic units deposited during marine oxygen isotope stage 3 (MIS 3) (60.2 ± 5.7–31.3 ± 3 ka). The MIS 3 sequence commences with low energy alluvial deposits that have been altered by incipient soil formation, while artifact assemblages in these strata were only minimally reworked. After a depositional hiatus, further low energy alluvial sedimentation and weak soil formation occurred, followed by higher energy colluvial (re)deposition and then deflation. Artifacts in these last stratigraphic units were more significantly reworked than those below. Analysis of plant leaf wax (n-alkane) biomarkers shows fluctuating humidity throughout the sequence. Collectively the evidence suggests that hunter-gatherers equipped with MP lithic technology repeatedly occupied this site during variable aridity regimes, demonstrating their successful adaptation to the changing environments of MIS 3
Overtourism Education. The Relationship between Tourism Education and Employment in France: A Principal Component Analysis
No full textThis study highlights the existence of a phenomenon of overtourism education in France whereby there was a considerable mismatch between education and the needs of the economy vis-à-vis employment. To investigate the above, a statistical investigation of the interaction between tourism education and employment in France was conducted. This research note has provided evidence that the term ‘overtourism’ can also be applied to tourism education. First because, tourism is both a field of study (theoretical level); and also because at micro level some areas are endowed with too many providers of courses and subsequently training too many people than the tourism industry of the area can absorb (empirical level). It is extremely important that all stakeholders involved in the tourism industry, namely education providers, employers and students work together as France has some difficulties to adapt its higher educational system to the economic system. To avoid overtourism education, it is important that students are given a very specific and realistic picture of roles in the industry and qualification needed; but also more opportunities for internships and practical training, hence the importance of the application of the Triple Helix Model to tourism education. Among the positive impacts of overtourism education can be mentioned high salary; ability for highly qualified staff to move from regions to regions; improvement of the performance of the destination or business. As for the negative, brain drain is topping the list