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A systematic scoping review and textual narrative synthesis of trust amongst staff in higher education settings
Get PDFTrust is an essential underpinning foundation of effective functioning amongst all staff in higher education. However, there is limited knowledge on the ways in which trust operates, including the extent to which it exists, is recognised, can be built, or lost. This article systematically scopes the international literature on trust amongst staff in higher education institutions, the value of that literature, the research methods used, areas of research focus involved, and overall findings. A systematic scoping literature review, combining descriptive synthesis and textual narrative synthesis, was undertaken. As far as we are aware, this is the first review of this type to be undertaken on trust amongst all types of personnel in the higher education workforce. The review followed a data-based convergent synthesis design, identifying qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies in a single search, integrated throughout analysis, synthesis, and presentation. PRISMA and ENTREQ reporting guidelines were followed: 512 records were identified in two search phases (2020, 2022). Findings revealed relatively little research on trust amongst all types of staff in HE, with a surprising lack of research on trust relating to remote working during COVID. The heterogeneity of papers was striking, yet a wide variety of perspectives on trust tended to be located in single institutions or situations and provided little robust empirical evidence linked to theoretical definitions of trust. Qualitative papers were generally more thoughtful in investigating the complexity of trust. Further research on the relatively neglected but essential field of trust amongst staff in higher education is recommended
Transmedia/genre: rethinking genre in a multiplatform culture
No full textThis book brings genre back to the forefront of the current transmedia trend. Genres are perhaps the most innately transmedial of media constructs, formed as they are from all kinds of industrial, technological and discursive phenomena. Yet, few have considered how genre works in a multiplatform context. This book does precisely that, making a uniquely transmedial contribution to the study of genre in the age of media convergence. The book interrogates how industrial, technological and participatory transformations of digital platforms and emerging technologies reshape workings of genre. The authors consider franchises such as Star Wars, streaming platforms such as Netflix, catch-up services such as ITV Hub, creative technologies such as virtual reality, and beyond. In setting the stage for the revival of genre theory in contemporary transmedia scholarship, this book pushes forward understandings of multiplatform media and the emerging form and function of genre across contemporary culture
3D imaging of volcanic ash using the confocal microscope; a comparison of natural fragments and experimentally vesiculated volcanic glass
No full textIdentifying the microstructural characteristics of volcanic ash particles is key in developing our understanding of their production, transport and impact. Volcanic glass in ash clouds can damage aircraft engines, surfaces and coatings, and if inhaled cause harm to humans and animals on which they depend. We present results of 3D imaging of volcanic glass particles from two Icelandic volcanoes together with two samples of experimentally vesiculated volcanic glass. True colour 3D images were obtained using an Olympus LEXT 3D laser scanning confocal microscope. The images enabled examination of bubble structure, fracture patterns, and shape morphology characteristics of grains. For the two simulated fragments, the bubbles had a median long axis lengths of 13.2 and 37.0 μm. For the material from Grimsvötn and Eyjafjallajökul volcanic eruptions, the median long axis length was 25.2 μm and 23.1 μm, respectively. Laser confocal microscopy-based 3D imaging of volcanic glass fragments provides a rapid, non-destructive way to assess 3D particle geometry and quantify internal artefacts responsible for their formation
Impact of health warning labels and calorie labels on selection and purchasing of alcoholic and non‐alcoholic drinks: a randomized controlled trial
Get PDFAims: To estimate the impact on selection and actual purchasing of (a) health warning labels (text‐only and image‐and‐text) on alcoholic drinks and (b) calorie labels on alcoholic and non‐alcoholic drinks. Design: Parallel‐groups randomised controlled trial. Setting: Drinks were selected in a simulated online supermarket, before being purchased in an actual online supermarket. Participants: Adults in England and Wales who regularly consumed and purchased beer or wine online (n = 651). Six hundred and eight participants completed the study and were included in the primary analysis. Interventions: Participants were randomized to one of six groups in a between‐subjects three [health warning labels (HWLs) (i): image‐and‐text HWL; (ii) text‐only HWL; (iii) no HWL] × 2 (calorie labels: present versus absent) factorial design (n per group 103–113). Measurements: The primary outcome measure was the number of alcohol units selected (with intention to purchase); secondary outcomes included alcohol units purchased and calories selected and purchased. There was no time limit for selection. For purchasing, participants were directed to purchase their drinks immediately (although they were allowed up to 2 weeks to do so). Findings: There was no evidence of main effects for either (a) HWLs or (b) calorie labels on the number of alcohol units selected (HWLs: F(2,599) = 0.406, P = 0.666; calorie labels: F(1,599) = 0.002, P = 0.961). There was also no evidence of an interaction between HWLs and calorie labels, and no evidence of an overall difference on any secondary outcomes. In pre‐specified subgroup analyses comparing the ‘calorie label only’ group (n = 101) with the ‘no label’ group (n = 104) there was no evidence that calorie labels reduced the number of calories selected (unadjusted means: 1913 calories versus 2203, P = 0.643). Among the 75% of participants who went on to purchase drinks, those in the ‘calorie label only’ group (n = 74) purchased fewer calories than those in the ‘no label’ group (n = 79) (unadjusted means: 1532 versus 2090, P = 0.028). Conclusions: There was no evidence that health warning labels reduced the number of alcohol units selected or purchased in an online retail context. There was some evidence suggesting that calorie labels on alcoholic and non‐alcoholic drinks may reduce calories purchased from both types of drinks
A response to the Ofsted Finding the Optimum report: implications for practice in primary science
No full textFinding the optimum: the Ofsted science subject report was published online in February 2023, drawing together observations and recommendations from recent inspection visits to schools. Whilst the latest report does have separate primary and secondary sections, there are some areas that merit further guidance for primary science practice. This guidance builds on the Ofsted Research Review response (Turner, Bianchi, and Earle, 2022) and has been brought together by Primary Science Quality Mark, The University of Manchester’s SEERIH and the Association for Science Education. Professional dialogue and consultation with members of these organisations gave the opportunity to reflect on the Report through a primary science ‘lens’. From this five implications for practice emerged and each are considered in terms of:
• What this means for primary science
• How this could happen in practice
• Prompts for next steps and further discussions in school
Impact on practice: examples from the Teacher Assessment in Primary Science (TAPS) project
No full textThis publication celebrates 10 years of the Teacher Assessment in Primary Science (TAPS) project, which works with schools across the UK to develop classroom practice
Energy lapse
No full textA collaborative live-art performance. It raised questions around ‘material’ in the context of climate change and focused on coal as a fossil fuel, especially fuel as an ‘energy’ or resource to ‘perform’ through
Bats in the city: exploring practices of citizen bat conservation through the lens of becoming-with animal
Get PDFThis paper explores practices of citizen bat conservation in the city through the lens of becoming-with animal. It draws on insights gained from practices related to bat conservation efforts through interviews and participant observation with bat advocates in the city of Groningen, Netherlands. We show how becoming-with happens and why it is significant to humans and bats. We argue that becoming-with is dynamic and contingent on the elements present in different human–bat networks, which comprise bodies, technologies, practices, forms of knowledge, and urban spaces and places and result in varied relations that bats and bat conservationists enter into. Also, we observed the various outcomes of local bat conservation efforts. We argue that each of these ways of becoming-with must be considered valid, and is needed, in the big picture of bat conservation efforts in the city
Crime and incident watch for smart cities: a sensor-based approach
No full textBeyond the many advantages which Smart City brings, the issue of security and privacy remain very important concerns. As things get more interconnected, cyber orchestrated crimes such as cyberterrorism may become more prevalent. For example, an autonomous vehicle or drone may be used to commit acts of terrorism, such as driving or flying into a crowd. Responses to such incidents need to be swift and likewise smart. Law enforcement needs to be equipped with the necessary tools to respond speedily and even automatically, equally taking advantage of the Internet of Things (IoT). We propose a Sensor-Based Crime and Incident Watch for Smart Cities (SBCI-Watch), leveraging Human Activity Recognition (HAR). SBCI-Watch may be used to automatically detect and possibly report occurrences of public disturbances (likely caused by acts of terrorism or similar crimes) to foster swift response. Slightly similar reports exist, but they are focused on different topics, such as helping law enforcement to pick suitable officers to respond to crime scenes based on proximity, but without attempting to automatically detect crimes. We are using the sensor-based approach; it is less privacy intrusive compared to the vision-based method, which is dominant in the public surveillance area but also more privacy intrusive and more expensive. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to address the problem in this fashion, and the results illustrate the viability of the SBCI-Watch