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Gendered self-views across 62 countries: a test of competing models
Get PDFSocial role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries (N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men’s self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). We consider possible causes and implications of these findings
Systematic literature review: intervention programmes to support dyslexic children 5- 13 years
Get PDFAdult male rape myths in England since 1994: a systemic mixed methods review
Get PDFAdult male rape, defined as a man sexually assaulting another man, became legally recognized by English law through the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act (1994). However, the rate of reporting male rape in England remains low compared to female rape and other nonsexual intimate partner violence. Scholars suggest that the low reporting rate could be partly attributed to the persistence of male rape myths (MRM) in society. For this reason, this article reviews the literature on MRM in England and Wales since 1994. This period is significant as it marks the time when erroneous beliefs began to be recognized as myths. Using a mixed-methods approach within a systematic review framework, we identified, evaluated, and synthesized empirical evidence from 11 studies to address our research question. The thematic synthesis of these studies revealed the persistence of certain MRM in England, often tied to stereotypical gender roles and endorsement of homophobic beliefs. However, the review identified limitations, such as the type of rape the studies focused on and their limited applicability, given that most employed student samples. Future research should explore perceptions of male rape using qualitative, and mixed-methods approaches with professionals, male survivors, and community samples. Additionally, future research should challenge the acceptance of MRM and raise awareness of male rape in England
Traced papers: Leuchter (2021-)
No full textThis set of Traced Papers specifically uses The Leuchter Report.
According to the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum ‘[The] facts make it clear that the “Leuchter Report,” allegedly a watershed in understanding Auschwitz, is in fact nothing more than an attempt, concealed beneath an academic-looking smokescreen of graphs, analyses, and calculations, at misinforming readers who have no access to the scholarly literature—or who are looking for precisely the sort of conclusions that Leuchter offers.
Cancer Alley (2022)
No full textA hologram installation of Lucy English's poetry film collaboration with US filmmakers Pamela Falkenberg and Jack Cochran. It combines footage shot on location In Cancer Alley, accompanied by a poem that about what it is like to live in the small towns near the Mississippi between East Baton Rouge, which are now dominated by more than 200 chemical plants and oil refineries, sometimes literally located in residents' back yards
Of narrative neglect and the most forgotten of writers – towards publishing an anthology of women’s prison writing
No full textClosed worlds by default, prisons are “prone to secrecy and hard for outsiders to penetrate” (Aitken,
2022, 478). Despite their “public” status, they are viewed as sealed spaces beyond the comprehension
of those on the outside, hiding and obscuring those who work and live inside them (Lawston, 2011, 1).
Consequently, bridges between the “inside” and the “outside” become important for any conception of
prison and its effects (Westall, 2021, p. 1). Prison writing is one such bridge (Westall, 2021, 1). When
McAdams (2001, p. 114) writes that “stories live in culture” and that they become the mirror of the
culture within which they are forged, I am struck by Scheffler’s (2002, p. xxix) observation that “as a
group, and to a large extent as individuals, women prison authors are among the most forgotten
writers”. This resonates with the observation that in any given society stories compete for acceptance
on the one hand and dominance on the other, “because life stories echo gender and class
constructions in society reflecting the prevailing hegemonic patterns in cultural, economic and
political contexts” (McAdams, 2001, p. 114). Within the wider social context, the stories as narratives
of lived experience written by women in prison, “carry personal and cultural meaning” whilst “their
telling has social consequences” (Narayan, 2012, 8). Carlen and Tchaikovsky (1996, p. 211) argued
that to keep the “endemic secrecy” of the carceral machine in check, its inner workings should be
opened up to the public gaze, in particular to monitor its tendencies to revert from progressive to
regressive practices in the context of women’s imprisonment. Yet, Scheffler (1984, p. 65; 2002, p. xv)
writes of the negligible attention paid to women’s prison literature as a literary tradition because it
almost always plays “a relatively minor role” within the general context of prison writing – marginal
texts further lost within the “marginal literature of the prison”. Considering this narrative neglect,
Penal Reform International (Pope and Sa-ardyen, 2021, 2) observe that “When people in prison are
forgotten, neglected and exploited, the impact on individuals and on broader society can be
disastrous”, precisely because “problems with prisons often reflect wider societal problems”. We find
that the mediated and socially constructed representations of incarcerated women fail to
contextualise the complexity of their lived experiences within social systems where economic, racial,
gender and class discrimination are contributing factors to their disproportionate incarceration as
marginalized, non-violent and often vulnerable women (Lawston, 2011, 3 - 4). In this paper, I reflect
on how a pivotal fieldwork moment brought this conceptual moment to life and inspired publishing
How Bleak is the Crow’s Nest – An anthology of women’s prison writing, as a method of reminding
society that incarcerated women exist (Scheffler, 2002, p. xxi)
The future
No full textThe Future is where the money is.
The Future is a few billionaires leading the world to destruction.
The Future is a handful of friends hatching a daring plan.
The Future is the greatest heist ever? Or the cataclysmic end of civilisation…
The Future is here
INTERSTICE. Encounters between artists, children and educators. Thoughts in-between the arts and education
Get PDFINTERSTICE is an Erasmus+ project developed by universities, artists and cultural settings from Catalonia, United Kingdom, Italy, and Norway to promote spaces of encounter between educators, artists, and children, to improve our learning processes and to build a pedagogy of co-creation through the arts. This is the main product of INTERSTICE project, a collaborative book where project partners share the key ingredients that we think are necessary to build creative approaches to learning
Play and listening to children's narratives
Get PDFEarly childhood is a time when children should be building a positive self-identity, a time when they need to explore who they are, and a time for understanding and making sense of their place in the world. A play-based pedagogical approach is key for supporting exploration of children's many ways of sharing ideas about their ethnic identity