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Lifestyle Sports as Meaningful Experiences
No full textThis section is part of a chapter from the text "From PE Dread to PE Delight." The chapter focuses on how to make physical education (PE) more enjoyable and inclusive. It provides an example of how to enhance the delightfulness of PE by using student-centred pedagogies informed by research on meaningful PE, along with the introduction of lifestyle sports
“No Third Way”: The Immigrant Woman as Traumatised Other in Agatha Christie’s Mr Quin Story “Harlequin’s Lane”
No full textThe Intergenerational Impact of the Contaminated Blood Scandal: a qualitative study
No full textBackground: The Contaminated Blood Scandal (CBS) infected many People with Haemophilia (PwH) with blood-borne diseases. While studies have focused on those directly affected, little is known about the intergenerational impact on their children and siblings. Many adult children experienced multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) as relatives became unwell or died, experiencing isolation, stigma, grief and loss from society and healthcare professionals. These experiences occurred within broader ecological systems that compounded their impact across individual, family, community, and societal levels.
Aims: To explore the impact of the CBS on adult children and siblings of affected PwH, including effects on trust in healthcare professionals and engagement with healthcare services. The study examines these experiences through Bronfenbrenner's Bio-Ecological Systems Framework to understand how individual, family, community, and societal factors interacted to influence development and trauma transmission across generations.
Methods: This qualitative research study used an interpretivist approach, conducted within the Haemophilia community by a researcher with member status. Semi-structured interviews with adult children and siblings (12 participants) of PwH affected by the CBS were undertaken. An autoethnographic approach allowed consideration of the researcher's insider status influences, embracing positionality and subjectivity. Interviews were analysed using six-stage Reflective Thematic Analysis in NVIVO.
Results: Key themes emerged including silence and stigma, mental health impact, intergenerational trauma transmission, life path disruption (education, relationships), and effects on healthcare trust and choices. Participants demonstrated patterns consistent with ACEs research, reporting significant psychological impacts, altered treatment choices, and heightened information needs. Many expressed specific needs for understanding and compassionate care from healthcare professionals, with some continuing to self-silence fears to protect their children. Through the Bio-Ecological Systems Framework lens, multiple system levels - from disrupted family microsystems to stigmatising societal macrosystems during the HIV/AIDS era – synthesised to create an environment where compounded effects caused lasting harm.
Conclusion: This group's life paths have been severely disrupted, resulting in psychological and socioeconomic disadvantage that can impact their children, passing trauma through generations. The trauma level experienced and continued through silencing and denial resulted in PTSD symptoms for some. Participants identified specific needs for healthcare interactions acknowledging their experiences and providing compassionate, transparent communication. Urgent research is needed into care approaches within specialist centres and integration of CBS learning into healthcare education, centring voices of people and families with Haemophilia in developing responses
Scholarship on Alternative Food Networks: from mid-life crisis to life begins at 40?
No full textThis paper critically assesses the literature on Alternative Food Networks (AFNs), based on a systematic literature review, encompassing work from both the rural studies and marketing disciplines. It reflects on the gaps between the contributions from both disciplines, and how they could be addressed in future research. A typology of AFNs helps understand the varied challenges faced. Too many AFN studies depend solely on producer and loyal customer perspectives, leading to overly optimistic assessments of their consumer appeal. Moreover, a tendency to downplay or overlook marketing management considerations, reduces the literature’s relevance for practitioners. Addressing the latter, and more critical assessments of how different types of AFNs can address social and planetary imperatives, are vital for reinvigorating the AFN literature to overcome its mid-life crisis
The cycling gardeners of Edinburgh – a green revolution in urban gardening
No full textThis case study explores The Cycling Gardeners of Edinburgh, a pioneering urban gardening business founded by Callum Ross. Using electric cargo bikes and tools, the company disrupts the traditional gardening model by reducing emissions and logistical inefficiencies in Edinburgh’s dense urban environment. Callum’s background in events management enabled him to streamline operations and implement a profit-sharing model for freelance gardeners. Strategic partnerships, community engagement, and sustainable business practices have driven growth, earning the company industry recognition. The case highlights green entrepreneurship, operational innovation, and sustainability-driven business models in an evolving urban economy
The effect of lowering the maximum tackle height in English Schoolboy rugby union on tackle characteristics, and all-injury and concussion rates
No full textObjectives
This study compared tackle characteristics and injury incidence in schoolboy rugby union before and after a law change that lowered the maximum legal tackle height.
Design
Prospective cohort study.
Methods
Match injuries and game exposures were reported by U15 and U18 schoolboy teams over three seasons (2017/18 to 2019/20) when the legal tackle height was at the line of the shoulder and one season (2021/22) at the line of the armpit. Matches were filmed pre- (U15:11; U18:16 matches) and post- (U15:10; U18:10 matches) tackle height change and tackles were coded for tackler and ball carrier techniques. Tackle characteristic propensities and injury incidences were compared pre- and post-tackle height change using ratio ratios (95 % CI).
Results
Pre- to post-tackle height change, the propensity of shoulder height tackles reduced at U15 (Rate Ratio:0.62, 95 % CI:0.51–0.75) and U18 (RR:0.77, 95 % CI:0.65–0.92). Post-change, tacklers were more often bent at the waist when tackling at U15 (RR:1.34, 95 %CI:1.21–1.49) and U18 (RR:1.18, 95 % CI:1.08–1.29).
Overall injury incidence pre- and post-tackle height change was not significantly different for U15 (RR:0.79, 95%CI:0.53–1.17) or U18 (RR:1.11, 95%CI:0.89–1.37). Pre- to post-tackle height change, neither all concussions at U15 (RR:1.43, 95%CI:0.73–2.70) and U18 (RR:0.95, 95%CI:0.59–1.47) or tackle-related concussions at U15 (RR:1.39, 95%CI:0.55–3.25) and U18 (RR:0.92, 95%CI:0.48–1.65) were different.
Conclusions
Following a lowering of the permitted tackle height, tackler and ball carrier tackle techniques changed, without changing the incidence of all injuries or concussions. Further lowering of the tackle height may be explored to invoke the necessary technique changes to reduce injury.
Keyword
Pacing analysis and comparison of TOP-10 and NOT TOP-10 Ultra Trail Cape Town 100-km finishers
No full textBACKGROUND: Pacing strategies during endurance efforts vary depending on athlete experience, race length, and terrain. In ultramarathon trail running the specific race route profile can have a significant impact on optimal pacing strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between uphill, downhill and level running with overall performance and to compare the difference in pacing strategies between top 10 (TOP-10) and non-top 10 (NOT TOP-10) finishers of a 100-km ultra-trail marathon with +5000-m elevation gain.
METHODS: Fifty male finishers (TOP-10: N.=6, NOT TOP-10, N.=44) and forty-six individual segments (1.5±1.2 km) were analyzed based on 2021 100-km UTCT STRAVA data. Relative segment speed and CV% were used to identify pacing strategies. Spearman Rank and Mann Whitney-U tests were used to analyze the data. Significance was set at P<0.05.
RESULTS: Uphill running had the strongest relationship with overall performance (r=0.826, P<0.01). Substantially weaker relationships between overall running performance and level (r=0.402, P<0.01) and downhill (r=-0.382, P<0.01) running performance were found. The CV% was significantly lower in TOP-10 (32.10±1.81) than NOT TOP-10 (35.39±4.43) (U=24, r=0.46, P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Uphill running performance remains a valuable measure of overall trail running performance as it represents a higher percentage of overall running demand. TOP-10 runners have diminished decay in initial running speed than NOT TOP-10 runners, despite a generally high variation in pace and net positive split in ultra-trail running
'Obedient, but cheeky': Human expectations of canine behaviour and companionship
Get PDFWhilst dogs are adored companions worldwide, high numbers continue to be relinquished each year due to perceived behavioral concerns. Subsequently, this paper addresses the question; What are guardian’s expectations of canine behavior and companionship? A total of 175 participants responded to a qualitative semi-structured survey, distributed online. Following a reflexive thematic analysis , five themes are discussed; A well-balanced dog, Obedient, Affection and Connection, Shared Interests, and Commitment. The findings highlight a wide range of expectations typically moving beyond realistic behavior and capabilities for both dogs and guardians. Resultantly, we call for clearer conceptualization of canine behavior, particularly in relation to the distinction between observable behavior and behavioral interpretations (personality, temperament etc.). Clarification on the facets of dog behavior, in addition to better understanding guardian expectations, will aid the development of educational materials aimed at supporting existing human-dog relationships and the adoption matching process within canine adoptions. Cumulatively, this would aid successful human-dog bonding, reducing the risk for relinquishment. These findings build on the recently proposed Perceived Canine Reactivity Framework
Justice-involved children with Special Educational Needs and Disability: what are the implications for access to identification and support through an Education, Health and Care Plan? A thought-piece.
Get PDFThis thought piece exposes the gap in the operationalised support in England for young people within the justice system who have Special Educational Needs. It exposes inequity within the system which serves to create barriers for justice-involved young people, who are likely to already be disengaged from education, in accessing appropriate provision. It presents gaps in key educational advice and practice relating to the access to Education, Health and Care Plans as a route to support for justice-involved young people, identifying a negative bias for this group of children who are already marginalised. Within the context of an English Special Educational Needs system which is widely recognised as broken, and an ongoing parliamentary consultation into ways to improve the situation, this piece suggests key changes to reduce the inequitable access to special education provision for young people accommodated in the secure estate. These suggestions make a contribution to the agenda of English politicians and the Department of Education
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