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The Satisfaction of the pipe organ of the Aletheia University under the gaze of Tamsui tourism culture.
No full text[[abstract]]真理大學管風琴自裝設以來，矗立在淡水河畔的它見證二十多年來淡水河港之興衰及學校的春風化雨，這架從荷蘭飄洋過海來的樂器，經過台灣高溫度、高溼度的氣候洗禮及幾次劇烈的大地震，迄今依然堅守崗位。管風琴結合學校的推廣活動以及淡水觀光的發展，使得管風琴在學校人文資產與文化體驗上有其無可取代的地位。本研究從觀光客的角度探真理大學管風琴具有文化資產與體驗的因素，分為六個層面：
一、最喜歡淡水觀光文化景點為何及其原因；
二、真理大學管風琴的認知程度；
三、真理大學管風琴演奏型態；
四、真理大學管風琴音色、音響效果；
五、聽眾聆聽管風琴後的反應；
六、真理大學管風琴值得推薦與否。
研究顯示，真理大學管風琴是淡水文化觀光的亮點，尤其管風琴所在的真理大學校園也是重要的觀光聖地，更是淡水古蹟群中重要的一環，特別是作為“觀光凝視”的目的。研究結果，真理大學管風琴已成為“觀光凝視”的產物，並得到實證，真理大學管風琴現在是學校的主要景點和文物資產，更是淡水觀光一大亮點。
Since the installation of the pipe organ in the Aletheia University, it has been standing on the banks of the Tamsui River, witnessing the rise and fall of the Tamsui River Port for more than two decades and salutary influences of education of the university. This musical instrument shipped across the sea from the Netherlands withstands high temperature and high humidity climate in Taiwan, and still holds its post during several severe earthquake events.The pipe organ is integrated with activities promoted by the university and with the development of Tamsui tourism, placing the pipe organ in an irreplaceable position in the school's cultural assets and cultural experience. From the perspective of tourists, this research explores the cultural assets and experience factors of the pipe organ in the Aletheia University from six aspects:
1. To find out the most scenic spot in Tamsui and the reason,
2. To figure out the level of awareness of the pipe organ at the Aletheia
University,
3. To explore the style of organ performance at the Aletheia University,
4. To understand the tone and sound effect of the organ of the Aletheia
University,
5. To know the audience reaction after listening the the organ performance,
and
6. To understand if the organ of the Aletheia University is worth
recommending.
The research results show that the pipe organ in the Aletheia University is the cultural attraction and is an important tourist destination. It is an important part of the Tamsui heritage district, especially for the purpose of "Tourism Gaze". The outcome of this research proves that the pipe organ of the Aletheia University has become a product of "Tourism Gaze", and is the main attraction and cultural asset of the university and is the highlight of Tamsui tourism
The study on the Motivation of Travel, Destination Image and Revisiting Intention of Tourists in Korea
No full text[[abstract]]近年來韓國文化滲入台灣民眾的生活中，台灣民眾前往韓國地區旅遊的人數逐年增加
中，因此本研究旨在探討曾經赴韓國旅遊之台灣遊客，對於到韓國進行旅遊的旅遊動機，
以及是哪些目的地意象讓他們選擇到韓國旅遊，旅遊動機與目的的意象兩者間認知及情感
方面之影響，並探討旅遊後的再次重遊意願。透過問卷調查的方式，以曾經到過韓國地區
旅遊者為研究對象進行問卷的發放，回收有效問卷 403 份。研究結果顯示，不同人口統計
變項對於旅遊動機及目的地意象的選擇上有部分差異性的存在；旅遊動機與目的地意象存
在顯著相關，並有相互的影響性；旅遊動機、目的地意象與重遊意願存在顯著正相關，顯
示赴韓國旅遊者的旅遊動機及目的地意象會影響旅遊者再次到韓國地區旅遊的意願。根據
上述結果，可依照旅遊動機及目的地意象的選擇來給予相關業者在規劃韓國地區旅遊行程
上規劃的參考。
In recent years, Korean culture has infiltrated into the lives of Taiwanese people, and the number of Taiwanese people traveling to South Korea has increased year by year. Therefore, this study aims to explore the influence of Taiwanese tourists who have traveled to South Korea on their travel motivations and which destination images they choose to travel to Korea, and the imagery and emotional aspects of tourism motivation and purpose. And explore the revisiting intention after the tour. Through the questionnaire survey, questionnaires were distributed to tourists who had been to Korea, and 403 valid questionnaires were collected.The results of the study show that different demographic variables have some differences in the choice of tourism
motivation and destination image; Travel motivation is significantly related to destination imagery and has mutual influence; There is a significant correlation between travel motivation, destination image and revisiting intention, indicating that the travel motivation and destination
image of tourists to South Korea will affect the revisiting intention of tourists to travel to Korea again. According to the above results, the relevant operators can be given a reference in planning the travel schedule of the Korean region according to the choice of travel motivation and destination image
The Garan Altar in Taipei City and its Tao of Religious Healing.
No full text[[abstract]]「宗教調煉」是運用宗教信仰的力量，調理煉養信眾身心靈的失衡，使其能達到脫離苦悶，尋求愉悅祥和之境的一種宗教儀式。本論文的研究是以伽藍道場為研究範圍，進而探究伽藍道場宗教調煉之儀式的特殊性、獨特性和價值。
伽藍道場是以玄靈高上帝關聖帝君信仰為主的一個新型態的都市道場。本論文主要研究探討伽藍道場的歷史發展、信仰內涵以及其宗教調煉儀式的種類、調理方法、過程和原理機制，進而從個案記錄資料歸納分析並加以討論伽藍道場宗教調煉儀式的獨特性以及存在價值。
伽藍道場的宗教調煉儀式和方法是以玄靈高上帝關聖帝君授法之雲長功能量功法為主軸而產生多元的宗教調煉之道，透過伽藍道場關聖帝君宗教調煉之雲長功能量功法、叩問儀式、靈修靈療、收驚祭解、卡陰驅魔、超度靈性、法會科儀來探討伽藍道場宗教調煉的內涵與特色。從主法者與關聖帝君結緣、神明授法、靈療靈修、接受使命、創設道場、發展組織，實踐關聖帝君忠義精神和信仰理念，執行其宗教調煉之道，服務信眾，行善公益，進而實現關聖帝君的神示任務。
從主法者的親身參與經驗、田野調查記錄、收集彙整文獻資料並做深度訪談和問卷調查分析，再以自我述說法研究呈現本論文之問題結果，進而研究發現伽藍道場信仰的宗教內涵及其宗教調煉之道的獨特性和價值，有別於一般傳統宗教調煉之法。透過本研究論文的論述整理、記錄所得成果，以提供學界對未來深入研究的參考。
“Religious Healing” is a religious practice that utilizes the power of religious belief to regulate balance between the body, mind and spirit of believers, releasing them into a realm free from distress and a path to happiness. In this paper, a research of the Garan Altar is performed to explore and analyze its unique and distinct religious rituals and practices.
The Garan Altar is a new urban Daoism Altar, which worships Xuánlíng gāoshàngdì GuanShengdijun. This paper mainly studies the historical development, the connotation of the belief and the types of religious practices, including rituals and ceremonies. To further discuss and analyze the particularity and value of the Altar, methods and principles of its religious practices are also further delved into, with individual case reports and data collated and analyzed.
The diversity of religious practices, rituals and methods performed in the Altar are mainly based on the Yun-Chang-Gong Energy practice, imparted by Xuánlíng gāoshàngdì GuanShengdijun of the Garan Altar. These practices include ceremonial invocations (kou-wen ji-jie), spiritual healing (ling-liao ling-xiu), exorcism, transcendence (chao-du ling-xing) and religious ceremonies. Details of the practitioner’s spiritual affinity to GuanShengdijun, accepting God’s mission and impartation of power, spiritual healing practice, divine revelations and organization development are all recorded in this paper. The divine mission is achieved through practicing GuanShengdijun’s loyal and righteous beliefs, while serving believers and providing charity.
In exploring the unicity and significance of the Garan Altar religious belief, results of this thesis are presented as a narrative analysis based on the practitioner’s personal experience, field investigations, literature data references, interviews and questionnaires. The results of this research are recorded to provide reference for the academic community for future in-depth research
Persistence in Innovation and Innovative Behavior in Japanese Electromechanical Equipment Firms
No full text[[abstract]]本文以日本2010至2019年間股票上市的電子機械設備業廠商作為研究對象，建構一組平衡追蹤資料，實證檢驗日本電子機械設備產業之創新持續性的問題。利用動態隨機效果概率模型的估計結果顯示，不論是否控制廠商無法觀察之異質性，過去的創新績效皆會顯著影響現今的創新績效。證實日本電子機械設備業廠商的創新行為存在狀態相依的現象。再者，廠商規模與市場價值都是影響日本廠商創新績效的重要變數，大廠商及投資人看好之具有高市場價值的廠商，創新績效表現較好。
This study examines the persistence of innovation and the determinants of innovations in Japan using a panel dataset of Japanese electronic machinery and equipment firms over the period 2010–2019. This study employs the dynamic random effect probit model to account for firm heterogeneity and also to handle the problem of initial conditions. The empirical results find that the causal effect from past innovation to current innovation after controlling for firm heterogeneity and the initial condition, supporting the hypothesis of true persistent innovation. We also highlight some important factors that affect continuity in the performance of innovations. Both of firm size and market value have crucial influence on its innovative performance. A firm with a bigger size and higher market value have better innovation
Feasible Study on Design and Pricing of Bicycle Compulsory Liability Insurance
No full text[[abstract]]近年來，自行車事故數量隨著時間的推移逐漸上升。根據道安會統計，我國108年事故受傷數與事故死亡數的占比中，自行車的占比分別為4.10%與7.54%，皆高於小客車的3.55%與6.56%，該狀況使得自行車的安全性將成為我國政府必須重視的議題之一。我國的汽車及機車強制險已於民國85年與88年分別推出，但時至今日卻仍未推出自行車強制險。本研究探討自行車強制險推行的可行性及其保單的設計，並參考各國自行車強制險與我國機車強制險之保險內容與推行制度後訂定自行車強制險的承保項目，再以交通部自行車使用狀況調查、台北市交通分析報告與內政部統計年報對自行車事故受傷率與事故死亡率進行估計及計算保費。估計結果發現，自行車事故死亡率隨著騎乘者的年齡越高死亡率越高，而自行車事故受傷率則於18-29歲年齡段較為突出，於30歲後隨著騎乘者年齡越高受傷率越高。保費計算結果發現，即使於風險較高年齡段的保費仍低於機車強制險保費。最後，希冀本研究能提供政府單位制定自行車強制險法規抑或保險業者將來設計及規劃自行車強制險商品費率釐訂之參考。
In recent years, the number of bicycle accidents has been gradually rising. According to statistics from the Traffic Safety Supervision Meeting, bicycle accident injuries and deaths respectively accounted for 4.10% and 7.54% of all traffic incident casualties in 2019—both higher than the injury and death rates of 3.55% and 6.56% for small passenger car accidents, making bicycle safety an issue that is bound to receive government attention in the near future. Although compulsory insurance policies for cars and motorcycles were enforced respectively in 1996 and 1999, no compulsory insurances for bicycles have been introduced to date. This study discusses the feasibility of enforcing compulsory insurance for bicycles, as well as the design of the insurance policies; references the contents of motorcycle compulsory insurances in Taiwan and bicycle compulsory insurances in different countries to establish the underwriting items of bicycle compulsory insurance; and calculates and estimates insurance premiums in accordance with the results of the bicycle use surveys conducted by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, the traffic analysis reports of Taipei City Government, and the statistical annual reports on bicycle analysis reports of Taipei City Government, and the statistical annual reports on bicycle accident injury and death rates of the Ministry of the Interior. The estimation indicates that the bicycle accident death rate increases in correlation with the age of the rider, the injury rate is particularly high in the 18-29 age group, and for riders older than 30 years old, the injury rate increases in correlation with the rider’s age. Nonetheless, the calculation shows the premium for high-risk age groups will still be lower than the motorcycle compulsory insurance premium. In conclusion, it is hoped that this study can serve as a reference for the government in establishing bicycle compulsory insurance regulations, or for insurance companies in determining bicycle compulsory insurance premium rates in the future
A QoS-driven Customizable Forecasting Framework for Blockchain Transaction Fee Recommendation
No full text[[abstract]]近年來區塊鏈技術的發展快速且應用愈趨普及，其核心功能是避免如加密貨幣交易紀錄等機敏資料遭到篡改。雖然比特幣與以太坊等區塊鏈網路都有其加密貨幣應用，但以太坊的智能合約出現後使得各種具有不同特徵與服務品質需求的去中心化應用程式(DApps)如雨後春筍般冒出。根據共識演算法，不同的交易手續費能夠影響交易確認時間。因此，如何依據DApps的特徵與其在成本、時間、與安全性等服務品質需求推薦交易手續費變得相當重要。雖然目前已經有少數提供交易手續費預測的平台，但仍有一些困難需要解決。首先，通常這些平台的預測模型沒有調適DApps的特徵與服務品質需求，因此容易產生誤差。另外，目前沒有一個整合DApps與預測模型的框架，使得開發一個以服務品質驅動的DApps變的相當困難。因此，本論文將設計與實現一個區塊鏈交易手續費以服務品質驅動的可定制預測框架以讓DApps能更容易地取得符合其服務品質需求的手續費推薦。此框架設計了一致性的API請求方法，因此使用者不需深入了解每個預測模型各式各樣的API請求方式即可運用各種預測模型。另外，透過微服務架構設計，手續費預測服務供應商能夠更有彈性的進行新增與移除定制的預測模型。此外，我們以以太坊為例運用機器學習依據不同主被動參數特徵訓練定制預測模型並整合在所提出的框架中以驗證此微服務架構的設計。最後，我們透過系統展示證明以服務品質驅動之可定制預測框架的可行性並說明在此框架上發展定制預測模型的挑戰與未來發展方向。
Recently, the development and application of blockchain (BC) is significantly growing. The core function of BC is to precent the confidential data of cryptocurrency transaction from being revised. Although BC networks, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, have their own cryptocurrency application, a numerous of decentralized applications (DApps) spring up like mushrooms after Ethereum’s smart contract appeared. Based on consensus algorithm, different transaction fee (TF) can influence the confirmation time of transaction based on quality of service (QoS). Thus, it is important to set an appropriate TF based on the QoS requirements of DApps in terms of cost, time, and security. Although there are several platforms providing TF prediction, some problems need to be solved. First, the prediction models of these platforms are typically trained based on all transaction on BC rather than the transactions of specific DApps. Thus, a prediction error can be expected. In addition, there is no platform to integrate DApps and prediction models. Thus, it makes the development of DApps based on QoS-driven become complex and difficult. Therefore, we design and implement a QoS-driven Customizable Forecasting Framework (QCFF) for BC TF recommendation. QCFF has a uniform API design which can be easily accessed without understanding various APIs of existing prediction models. Moreover, QCFF adopts microservices architecture in which a new prediction model can be easily plugged into QCFF. To prove the microservices architecture, we applied machine learning to train a customized prediction model based on different features of active and passive parameters on Ethereum. The customized prediction model is wrapped as a microservice and is integrated into QCFF. Finally, the demonstration shows that the feasibility of QCFF. We will illustrate the challenges and future work of developing customized prediction models on QCFF
Exploring the Study of Environmental Attributes, Servicing Quality and Perceived Value of Recreational Places on Tourism Behavior- Take Yangmingshan National Park as an Example
No full text[[abstract]]各個遊憩場所都希望持續有新的元素加入以便於吸引遊客的目光，但在這個同時，避免發展觀光而造成環境保育相互衝突，因此適當的規劃及考量需要仔細去研究，才能維持旅客與保護區的雙贏關係。本研究藉由環境屬性、服務品質及知覺價值等方面來探索前來遊憩場所旅客主要之旅遊行為，本研究採用問卷調查法，以Google表單進行問卷調查法進行陽明山國家公園問卷發放，總計回收206份，扣除無效問卷0份，剩餘有效問卷數為206份進行後續的正式分析，正式回收率為100%。本研究統計分析法分為描述性統計、信度分析、差異性分析及迴歸分析。本研究發現，1.遊客對於遊憩場所的環境屬性意象對服務品質具有顯著正向影響性；2.遊客對於遊憩場所的環境屬性意象對知覺價值具有顯著正向影響性；3.遊客對於遊憩場所的服務品質對知覺價值具有顯著正向影響性；4.遊客對於遊憩場所的環境屬性對旅遊行為具有顯著正向影響性；5.遊客對於遊憩場所的服務品質對旅遊行為具有顯著正向影響性；6.遊客對於遊憩場所的知覺價值對旅遊行為具有顯著正向影響性。本研究結果可提供遊憩場所經營者面對休閒事業競爭激烈，需要提供安全無慮的環境屬性，才能確保遊客獲得旅遊價值，最後，感受到遊憩場所經營者戮力提高更好的服務品質，才能讓遊客更加融入於旅遊行為。
All recreational places hoped that new elements will continue to be added in order to attract the attention of tourists. At the same time, avoid conflicts in environmental conservation caused by the development of tourism. Therefore, proper planning and consideration needed to be carefully studied to maintain tourists and the reserve. The study explored the main travel behaviors of tourists who come to recreational places by using environmental attributes, servicing quality, and perceived value. The study used the questionnaire survey method and the Google form to carry out the questionnaire survey in Yangmingshan National Park. A total of 206 questionnaires were collected, and 0 invalid questionnaires were deducted. The remaining valid questionnaires were 206 for follow-up formal analysis. The official recovery rate was 100%. The statistical analysis methods of the study were divided into descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, difference analysis and regression analysis. The study found: 1.Tourists’ image of environmental attributes of recreational places had a significant positive impact on the quality of servicing. 2. Tourists’ image of environmental attributes of recreational places had a significant positive impact on perceived value. 3. The quality of tourists’ servicing with recreational places had a significant positive impact on perceived value. 4. Tourists had a significant positive influence on tourism behaviors on the environmental attributes of recreational places. 5. The quality of tourists’ servicing with recreational places had a significant positive influence on tourism behavior. 6. The perceived value of tourists to recreational places had a significant positive impact on tourism behavior
Study on the Involvement of Firefighters in Leisure Activities and Work Stress - A Case Study of Kaohsiung Fire Station
No full text[[abstract]]背景：台灣各縣市消防局大多採用「勤二休一」每週上班112小時的方式值勤，意味著消防人員必須連續上班48小時後才能休息24小時，在工作場合充滿危險性和不確定性因素下，更加劇了消防人員的壓力，也間接或直接導致不良的睡眠品質，長久累積下來，對消防人員的身心健康造成的傷害不可輕忽。根據國內調查顯示，超過七成的消防人員都有睡眠品質不良的問題，如何讓工作性質極為特殊的消防工作者能夠在良好的身體狀況下執行工作，守護民眾居家財產安全，是十分迫切的問題。
目的：本研究希望透過文獻探討及實證數據，本論文以「消防隊員之工作壓力、休閒活動參與與壓力調適之關聯性研究-以高雄市消防局第一、第二大隊為例」為研究方向，探討消防隊員之工作壓力、休閒活動參與與壓力調適之關聯性研究。
方法：本研究以高雄市消防局第一、第二大隊消防員為研究對象，共發出313份問卷，回收有效份數293份，有效回收率93.6%。
結果：量化分析結果顯示，基層消防人員的工作壓力很大，其中「工作的危險性及不確定因素，造成我的心理負擔」的壓力最大。
結論：基層消防人員希望能透過休閒活動參與來紓解工作上帶來的壓力；其中以「從事休閒活動對我而言是重要的」、「從事休閒活動是一件很開心的事情」、「從事休閒活動很有趣」等觀點最獲認同。在「壓力調適」上，基層消防人員認同透過休閒活動參與能達到壓力調適之功能；其中以「休閒活動使我能降低工作面臨的壓力」與「從事休閒活動使我能有愉快的心情上班，工作效率就會提升」的認同度最高。由此可知，「休閒活動參與」與「壓力調適」是基層消防人員認為可紓解「消防人員工作壓力」的有效作為。
關鍵字：消防隊員、工作壓力、休閒活動參與、壓力調適
Background: Most of the fire stations in Taiwan's counties and cities use the mode of "diligence and rest" for 112 hours a week, meaning that it means Firefighters must work continuously for 48 hours before they can rest for 24 hours. In the workplace, which is full of dangers and uncertainties, the pressure of firefighters will be further aggravated. Indirectly or directly, it will lead to poor sleep quality and will accumulate for a long time. The harm caused by the physical and mental health of firefighters should not be neglected. According to domestic surveys, more than 70% of firefighters have problems with poor sleep quality. How to make firefighters with extremely special work can perform their work under good physical conditions and protect the safety of people's homes. This is an urgent problem. .
OBJECTIVE: This study hopes that through the literature discussion and empirical data, this paper takes "firefighter's work pressure, leisure activity participation and stress adjustment correlation research - taking the first and second brigade of Kaohsiung City Fire Bureau as an example" as the research direction To explore the work pressure of firefighters, the association between leisure activities and stress adjustment.
Methods: This study used 313 questionnaires from the first and second brigade firefighters of Kaohsiung City Fire Bureau. A total of 293 valid copies were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 93.6%.
RESULTS: The results of quantitative analysis showed that the work pressure of grassroots firefighters was very high, and the pressure of “the danger and uncertainty of work caused my psychological burden” was the most stressful.
Conclusion: Grassroots firefighters hope to participate in leisure activities to relieve the pressure of work. Among them, "working leisure activities is important to me" and "working leisure activities is a very happy thing", " The idea of engaging in leisure activities is very interesting. In the "stress adjustment", grassroots firefighters agree that they can achieve the function of stress adjustment through leisure activities. Among them, "leisure activities enable me to reduce the pressure on my work" and "leisure activities enable me to have a happy mood to go to work. The work efficiency will increase. The recognition is the highest. This shows that "Leisure Activity Participation" and "Pressure Adjustment" are effective actions that grassroots firefighters think can be used to relieve "firefighter work pressure".
Keywords: firefighters, work stress, leisure activities, pressure adjustmen
Relationship between Life and Depression among the Elderly
No full text[[abstract]]隨著醫療的進步，人類的壽命延長，致使老年人口逐漸成長，台灣人口有愈趨高齡化的現象；在面對這樣的趨勢下，我們期待老年人能有良好的心理健康。進入老年期，不論是生理、心理、社會層面，皆出現明顯的轉變，例如面臨健康衰退、經濟困頓、退休、角色改變和親友的去世等，其中許多的轉變皆對老年人心理層面產生影響；長期情緒低落的老年人，多半覺得自己沒有存在價值，心理負面情緒也隨之產生，容易導致憂鬱情緒，提高老年憂鬱症的發生。本研究目的在於，了解生活中有哪些因素與老年人心裡狀態有關，並以老年人憂鬱為主要探討病症。
本研究採用「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」2011年（第七波）之調查資料加以分析，該資料憂鬱傾向的測量，係以問卷中CES-D量表為測量工具；自變項包括基本人口學背景、居住安排、健康狀況、休閒娛樂、社會支持、經濟狀況等，將各變項與有無憂鬱傾向進行卡方檢定，再將達到統計上之顯著差異的變項利用邏輯斯迴歸分析。其中也利用CART決策樹及天真貝氏法找出影響憂鬱的重要因子。
研究結果顯示女性較男性容易有憂鬱傾向，年齡越高及健康狀況越不好，其憂鬱傾向的機率越高。期望研究結果提供我國老年人健康議題參考。
As medical advances, gradually reduce the mortality of human life to the elderly population grows. Taiwan has become more population aging phenomenon, in the face of this trend, we look forward to the elderly to have good mental health. Enter the old period, whether physical, psychological, social dimensions are visible changes, such as the face declining health, economic hardship Clinton, retirement, roles to change and the death of friends and relatives. Many of these changes are for the elderly have an impact on the psychological level. The long-term depression, most older persons feel that they do not have the psychological value of negative emotions as a result, also easily lead to depression and improve elderly depression. The purpose of this study to understand what factors in life and soul status of older persons and to the elderly depression is mainly to explore the disease.
This study uses the " Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging " Seventh wave of survey data to be analyzed. The Data depression tend the measurements between the CES-D questionnaire to gauge is measuring tools. The various variables and there is a tendency for depression Chi-square test and will reach the significant difference between the statistics by the use of the Logistic Regression Model. It also use CART and Naive Bayes Classifier affected an important factor depression..
The results of the study show women than men are prone to depression tendency that the higher the age and health of the poor, their depression tend the higher the chance