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On the Research of Law Enforcement of Prevention of Drunk Driving
No full text[[abstract]]酒後違規駕車係屬重大危害交通秩序及安全之行為，不只危害駕駛人生命安全，更讓周遭無辜用路人安全受到威脅，嚴重危及社會安定與家庭幸福。依據內政部警政署統計數據顯示，臺灣近三十年交通事故死亡案件中，酒駕肇事均為肇事主因之一。藉由回顧與整理比較各國對酒駕之處罰規定，警政署取締酒駕違規及酒駕肇事案件統計數據，分析酒駕行為與肇事特性，檢討我國警察酒駕執法防制工作，針對防制酒駕工作研提相關建議，包括警察機關應持續嚴格取締酒駕違規（法）行為，考量轄區道路狀況、民眾使用交通工具習慣及酒駕肇事特性，妥適規劃勤務布署，同時強化教育宣導作為，強化酒駕再犯處置作為，修法加重高酒精濃度違規駕車及酒駕再犯者之處罰，呼籲各地方政府首長重視等，提供未來防制酒駕工作參考，以增進不斷革新取締酒駕之適法性。
Driving under the influence (DUI) poses a major threat to roadway traffic and safety. It not only endangers the safety of drivers, but also puts innocent road users’ lives at risk. It will seriously endanger social stability and destroy the welfare of involved families. According to the National Police Agency (NPA), drunk driving has been one of the leading causes for fatality traffic accidents in Taiwan in the past30 years. This study reviewed and compared penalties imposed on drunk driving among different countries, and utilized the DUI statistics released by the NPA to analyze behaviors and characteristics of drunk driving. Moreover，a thorough review of the DUI prevention measures in Taiwan was made and recommendations for future enforcement was provided as follows:
Police departments should continue their strict DUI enforcement and deploy police forces accordingly after taking into account such factors as different road conditions，vehicle usage habits of drivers and the characteristics of DUI.
In the meantime, the police departments should conduct anti-DUI awareness campaigns and impose severe punishment on reoffending drunk drivers. Furthermore, the DUI laws shall be revised to charge stricter penalties on reoffending drunk drivers and those drivers with high breath alcohol content. City and county government administrators are also advised to pay more attention on DUI enforcement in their jurisdictions，In order to enhance the lawfulness of continuous innovation and ban on drunk driving
The Analysis of Product Life Cycles and Market Potential Predictions: The Case of ACER and ASUS
No full text[[abstract]]產品生命週期(Product Life Cycle)，簡稱PLC，指新產品進入市場到被市場淘汰的過程中銷售額與利潤，所歷經的導入期、成長期、成熟期與衰退期四個時期的趨勢。本研究將運用Asus與Acer企業的歷年營收及銷售量，以擴散模型的方式進行市場潛量之預估、分析及預測。接著，按照成長率的定義來劃分Asus與Acer企業生命週期的各階段，進而透過擴散模型來分析比較「大眾媒體的影響」及「口碑的影響」的差異。最後，將收集到的數據用於企業的銷售收入數量來調查和描述企業的業績，並提供一些相關的營銷策略以供參考。
Product Life Cycle, (abbreviated to PLC), refers to the four periods of sales and profit from the process of new products entering the market to being eliminated by the market, the introduction period, the growth period, the maturity period and the recession period.
This research will use the past revenue and sales of Asus and Acer companies to estimate, analyze and forecast the market potential in a diffusion model. According to the definition of growth ratio, divided the various stages of the business life cycle of Asus and Acer, then through diffusion model to analyze and compare the difference between the "influence of mass media" and the "impact of word of mouth.
Lastly, the collected data is used to investigate and describe the company’s performance based on the company’s sales revenue and provide some relevant marketing strategies for reference
Research on the influence of consumers’ Decoy Effect, Positive Emotion and Internet Word-of-Mouth on internet-groups as intervene variable
No full text[[abstract]]在日常生活中，身為消費者的我們在購物時，經常會被一些行銷策略所引導我們做出選擇；例如:在買一杯咖啡，有大、中、小三種容量——中杯價格幾乎和大杯差不多因此大多數人會選擇最大杯最貴， 此為「誘餌效應」的認知偏見。
現今網路上更存在商家使用無所不用其極的行銷方式如上述誘餌效應、網路口碑、正向情緒操作方式等來影響消費者網路購買決策，而已有許多學者提出在不同族群間網路行銷影響是有差異的，故本研究加入族群因素做驗證性分析。
本研究暨屬驗證性分析便建立問卷，使用二階段集群分析法將275個樣本分為三群並分別命名，再做迴歸分析找出影響每一集群應變數的顯著相關自變數後做變異數分析找出三群迴歸變數的差異性，如具顯著差異再做Scheffe事後檢定。
本研究結果有下列發現：
1. 三集群間變數具有顯著差異的有三個變數誘餌效應、網路口碑、正向情緒各一個。
2. 三集群間變數不具有顯著差異的有四個變數誘餌效應一、網路口碑一、正向情緒二個。
3. 三集群間變數具有顯著差異的發展差異性網路行銷策略。
4. 三集群間變數不具有顯著差異的發展共同性網路行銷策略。
In our daily life, as consumers, when we are shopping, we are often guided by some marketing strategies to make choices; for example, when buying a cup of coffee, there are three sizes: large, medium, and small—the price of a medium cup is almost the same as that of a large cup. The cup is almost the same, so most people choose the largest cup the most expensive. This is the cognitive bias of the " decoy effect".
Nowadays, there are businesses on the Internet that use ubiquitous marketing methods, such as the above-mentioned decoy effect, Internet word-of-mouth, and positive emotional operation methods to influence consumers’ online purchasing decisions. Many scholars have proposed to network between different ethnic groups. Marketing influences are different, so this study adds ethnic factors for confirmatory analysis.
In this study and a confirmatory analysis, a questionnaire was established. The two-stage cluster analysis method was used to divide 275 samples into three groups and named separately, and then regression analysis was performed to find the significant correlation independent variable that affects the strain number of each cluster, and then the variance was calculated. Analyze and find the difference of the regression variables of the three groups, if there is a significant difference, do the Scheffe post-test.
The results of this study have the following findings:
1. There are three variables that have significant differences between the three clusters: decoy effect, Internet word-of-mouth, and positive sentiment.
2. There are four variables that have no significant difference between the three clusters. There are one decoy effects. one. Internet word of mouth. two. Positive sentiment.
3. Development of differentiated Internet marketing strategies with significant differences in variables among the three clusters.
4. The development of common network marketing strategies with no significant difference in variables among the three clusters
Status Survey on Personality Trait and Leisure Participation of Firefighters—A Case Study of the First Line Firefighters in Fire Bureau of Kaohsiung City
No full text[[abstract]]本研究目的在瞭解高雄市外勤消防人員人格特質、休閒活動參與之現況，消防人員在協助搶救災害工作中，除了專業技能外，其中包括情緒是否穩定，身體與心靈間是否平衡，方可達成使命任務，並探討不同背景高雄市外勤消防人員人格特質及休閒活動參與之差異情形，分析消防人員人格特質對休閒活動參與之關係。
本研究採問卷調查法，以「高雄市外勤消防人員人格特質、休閒活動參與之現況調查問卷」為研究工具，以高雄市外勤消防人員為研究母對象，採立意抽樣方式，發放問卷500份，回收有效問卷406份，有效回收率81.20%。資料分析方法採敘述性統計分析、信度分析、t檢定、雪費、單因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關分析，獲致研究結果如下：
一、高雄市外勤消防人員人格特質以「嚴謹性」最高。
二、高雄市外勤消防人員人格特質因教育程度、消防年資及職稱之不同而有顯著差異。
三、高雄市外勤消防人員休閒活動參與程度最高的類型為「運動類活動」；最低的類型是
「嗜好類活動」。
四、高雄市外勤消防人員在休閒活動參與程度低，較偏向「運動類活動」、「戶外類活動」。
五、高雄市外勤消防人員休閒活動參與類型因年齡、教育程度、消防年資及職稱之不同而
有顯著差異。
六、高雄市外勤消防人員人格特質愈高與積極參與休閒活動類型有顯著正相關。
The purpose of this study tries to understand the current situation on personality trait and participation of leisure activities of first line firefighters in Fire Bureau of Kaohsiung City. Firefighters have professional skills in assisting in the rescue of disasters, but they still meet the balance of physiological and psychological condition to complete the mission. It also explores the differences among the different background of the first line firefighters in Fire Bureau of Kaohsiung City on personality trait and participation of leisure activities and analyze the correlation of personality traits of firefighters to participate of leisure activities.
This study uses the questionnaire as research tool. First line firefighters in Fire Bureau of Kaohsiung City are the survey population, and then choosing informants randomly within the purposive sample, totally 500questionnaires were sent out, 406 were effectively received with effective recovery of 81.20%. The data analysis method was based on narrative statistical analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, Scheffe's method exact test, single factor variable parameter analysis and Pearson Correlation. The results were as follows:
1.“Rigor” is the highest for the current status of personality traits of the first line firefighters in Kaohsiung City.
2. The personality traits of first line firefighters in Kaohsiung City are significantly different due to differences in education level, working years and titles.
3. The highest type of participation in leisure activities for firefighters in Kaohsiung City is “sports activities”; the lowest type is “hobby activities”.
4. The first line firefighters in Kaohsiung City have lower level of leisure activities and in favor of "sports activities" and "outdoor activities".
5. The first line firefighters in Kaohsiung City participate the leisure activities varies significantly depending on age, educational background, working years and title.
6. It turns out significant positive correlation between the personality traits and participation of types of leisure activities of first line firefighters in Kaohsiung City.
Keywords: firefighter, personality traits, participate types of leisure activitie
Research and Development of Local Food in Tainan.
No full text[[abstract]]要
台南市為台灣農業重鎮之一，近年來氣候異常，造成農民產量亂象，造成滯銷問題，因此本研究以台南在地農產品，開發特色產品，以吃為訴求，並建立標準食譜。
本研究使用問卷法來選定台南市在地食材如：楠西區「梅子」、佳里區「牛蒡」、玉井區「芒果」、大內區「酪梨」、麻豆區「文旦柚」、官田區「菱角」、東山區「咖啡」、西港區「芝麻」、新化區「地瓜」、關廟區「鳳梨」，開發四季套餐和伴手禮，透過品評問卷來修訂成標準配方。
透過標準配方發現，在地食材製作出的色產品皆為健康飲食，並透過品評問卷結果發現，滿意度達滿意以上，而願意購買這些特色產品，希望此研究提供給台南農民與市民了解在地食材的好處與附加價值之參考。
Abstract
Tainan City is one of the important agricultural towns in Taiwan. In these years, the climate has been abnormal, causing chaotic output of farmers and causing unsalable sales. Therefore, this study uses Tainan's local agricultural products to develop specialty products, to eat as a demand, and to establish standard recipes.
This study used the questionnaire to select local ingredients in Tainan City: Meizi in Nanxi, Burdock in Jiali, Mango in Yujing, Avocado in Dazhong, Pomelo in Madou, water chestnut in Guantian, Coffee in Dongshan, Sesame in Xigang, Yam in Xinhua, Pineapple in Guanmiao. The four-season special package and the accompanying ceremony were developed and revised into standard formulas through a questionnaire.
Through the standard formula, the products produced in the local foods are all healthy eating. Through the results of the questionnaire, it is found that the satisfaction is over the standard, and they are willing to purchase these special products. I hope this research will provide the farmers and citizens in Tainan with an understanding of the local reference to the benefits and the value of ingredients
Circular Economy – Overview and Perspectives
No full text[[abstract]]摘要
近年來傳統的線性經濟，帶來了原物料與能源的開採生產、基本材料生產、零組件生產組裝等生產，雖然造就了許多商機和經濟成長，但也產生了對環境的嚴重傷害，一些不斷在增加的汙染反而造成世界經濟的困擾甚至是阻礙，循環經濟是一種可恢復和可再生的產業體系，秉持著減量化、再利用、資源化的三大原則，循環經濟已經是現代的國際趨勢，不僅可促進經濟發展，也創造就業機會，同時也和環境永續發展有很大的關係。
本研究目的就是為了讓大家在討論有關循環經濟的研究時，可以快速了解循環經濟的用處，和更快得到要找的方向，在內容中有收集國內有關循環經濟議題的論文，也把這些收集來的論文加以分類，就是為了讓研究者更快掌握資訊
Famers get rid of the disadvantaged by collective negotiation
No full text[[abstract]]作為人類最基礎的生產活動，農業經歷了數千年的發展，人均生產力已經獲得顯著的提升，雖然農業產值占整體經濟的比例不斷下降，但其地位依然受到世界各國的重視。而台灣雖然在農業生物技術領域相當發達，但農民平均所得水準仍然有很大的進步空間，因此如何改善農民處境為本研究的主題。
台灣的農民結構主要由耕地面積不到1公頃的小農所組成，在缺乏通路與市場資訊的狀態下，農民面對中間商收購農作物時普遍缺乏議價能力。理論上若能有效團結農民形成團體，匯集農作物對外銷售，除可提高經濟規模降低成本外，也能有效改善對中間商的議價能力並提高農民的所得水準。
本研究應用Rubinstein（1982）的賽局模型至農民與中間商議價的談判過程，藉以模擬兩者在不同的情境條件下產生的談判結果。同時假設農民與中間商在完全競爭市場及獨買市場時所得之結果，與Rubinstein模型做一比較。結果發現：在比較完全競爭市場及獨買市場，不論是農民的利潤或是市場總貿易利得，完全競爭市場均高於獨買市場；但將完全競爭市場與Rubinstein模型比較，不論農民福利或中間商貿易利得則呈現不確定的結果。
The Taiwan’s farmer structure is mainly composed of small farmers with less than one hectare of arable land. In the absence of market channel and information, farmers generally lack bargaining power when facing middlemen to purchase crops. Though the agriculture in Taiwan is quite developed in the field of agricultural biotechnology, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the average income level of farmers. In addition, the farmers now are facing huge challenges more than ever due to low production efficiency and low market competition compared to the international agricultural markets.
To conquer the difficulties above mentioned, the general perspective is the necessity of uniting individual farmers effectively to form groups and pool crops. In this research, some workable and effective tool is proposed to strengthen the function and organization of the agricultural cooperatives: collective negotiation.
This research applies Rubinstein's（1982）game model to the negotiation process between farmers and middlemen. The results prove that in the comparison of the perfect competition market and the monopsony market, the Rubinstein model can win at most either in farmers’ profit or the total market trade gains. In other words, collective negotiation can increase economic scale and reducing transaction costs, and it can also effectively improve farmers' bargaining power and increase farmers' income levels.
The economic analysis in this research can help farmers to understand what they can realistically accomplish when they join a cooperative. Also, the economic conditions, such as equilibrium price, equilibrium quantity, and welfare effect, have been clarified which may favor the success of collective negotiation
Apple’s iPhone New Product Announcement Effect – The Case of Taiwanese Supply Chain
No full text[[abstract]]蘋果公司於 2007 年首次推出第一代 iPhone 系列手機，開啟了智慧型手機的新時代。而蘋果公司也迅速地成為手機製造業中獲利最高的廠商。本研究從 2007 年的第一代 iPhone 到 2020 年的最新款手機產品，回顧蘋果公司對iPhone 系列產品的創新和表現。進一步運用事件研究法來分析蘋果公司發表新 iPhone 產品，對台灣 iPhone 概念公司股價報酬是否具有宣告效果。
實證結果顯示蘋果公司 iPhone 系列產品中，部分新產品發布對其台灣iPhone 概念股票報酬率具有顯著影響，而這些結果可能取決於 iPhone 新產品在軟硬體上的創新，並和台灣股票市場投資者對 iPhone 新產品的預期和信心有關。
In the year 2007, Apple Inc. first launched the iPhone series, which marked the new era of smartphones. Soon after, they had rapidly become one the most profitable mobile phone manufacturers. Therefore, let us set a time range from the first generation of iPhone in 2007 to the latest one in 2020 to review their innovation among these years and how they perform.
This study applies event study methodology to analyze the influence of new Apple’s iPhone release on Taiwanese supply chain and their stock returns. Along with using empirical models and regression analysis to estimate the abnormal returns.
The results show that some of the new product announcements do have a significant impact on Taiwanese supply chain. Objectively, these results mostly depend on Taiwanese investors’ confidence in the new iPhone product
Patent Performance and Market Value: Firm-Level Evidence from Japanese Electromechanical Equipment Industry
No full text[[abstract]]本文以日本電子機械設備業的廠商作為研究對象，建構一組 235 家日本上市
廠商於 2010 年至 2019 年的非平衡追蹤資料，實證檢驗日本廠商專利績效對其市
場價值之影響。藉由追蹤資料固定效果模型的估計結果顯示，專利績效為正向顯
著影響市場價值，代表專利績效為影響該廠商市場價值的重要變數，日本電子機
械設備業廠商隨著其專利權數的增加，廠商的市場價值亦會增加。再者，若沒有
控制廠商間無法觀察異質性與自變數間的關係，將導致估計結果產生高估的偏
誤。區別專利權種後的估計結果顯示，越具有技術創新投入的發明專利權數越多
的廠商，其市場價值較高。然較不涉及技術改良的新型專利績效與商業用途的設
計專利的估計結果皆呈現不顯著，證實不同專利權種所造成的市場價值效果也有
所不同。最後，廠商特性變數的部分，規模越大的廠商及獲利能力越好的廠商其
市場價值則越高。
This article investigates the relationship between Japanese electronic machinery and equipment firms’ patent performance and market value. Results obtained using a panel data model with a fixed effect on 2010–2019 data from Japanese firms reveal that the coefficient estimates for patent performance are significantly positive at the 1% level across the entire sample. This indicates that patent performance exerts a crucial impact on firms’ market value because the Japanese firms attain a higher market value following improvements in their patent performance. Samples are further separated into firms with invention versus design patents to determine whether the market value of patent performance differs across patent modes. We discover a positive relationship between invention patents and market value but no significant relationship between design patents and market value. The results highlight the importance of technical innovation to Japanese firms’ market value. Additional observed characteristics also influence market value. For instance, larger and more profitable firms have higher market value than do their smaller, less profitable counterparts
Performance Improvements of Biometric Recognition Based on Imbalanced Data Processing and Deep Neural Networks
No full text[[abstract]]如今生物識別技術的方式越來越多，漸漸地取代了單調且容易遭人盜用的傳統字符密碼，該技術也越來越廣泛的運用在各式各樣的設備上，例如:手機的指紋及臉部面試，大門的指紋辨識...等。在我們之前的論文裡，用醫學上所定義心臟類疾病的各種特徵來抽取心電圖內特徵點，當作判斷身分的依據，稱其為病理特徵，然後將其與其他的特徵分類方法來進行多種比對，呈現出來的幾乎都是使用病理特徵的資料辨識率較高，雖然其方法有著顯著的成果，但在特徵資料集的處理上，仍然有部分可以改善的空間，像是類別間特徵資料的數據差異問題，或是將辨識的技術加以提升。
在之前的實驗中，發現到由各種不同的特徵所抽取出來的特徵資料集的數量最低的只有十筆左右，最高的有一百筆上下，其差距使得特徵資料集處於一種不平衡的情況，為處理此情況，本文將會使用各種不平衡資料處理演算法來改善其筆數差異過大的情況；另外再進行身分辨識上，使用了現在大家所泛用的CNN來顯示在深度學習下，與之前傳統網路架構下的身分辨識，使用CNN能讓其辨識能力上，可以有效的提升各項特徵資料集在辨識身分的準確率。
Nowadays, there are more and more methods of biometric technology, which gradually replace the monotonous and easily stolen traditional character passwords. The technology is also more and more widely used on various devices, such as: fingerprints of mobile phones and Face interview, fingerprint identification at the gate...etc. In our previous paper, we used various features of heart diseases defined in medicine to extract the feature points in the electrocardiogram as the basis for judging the identity, called it the pathological feature, and then used it to classify with other feature classification methods. By comparison, almost all of the data presented using pathological features have a high recognition rate. Although the method has achieved significant results, there is still some room for improvement in the processing of feature data sets, such as inter-category feature data Data differences, or to improve the identification technology.
In the previous experiment, it was found that the number of feature data sets extracted from various features was only about ten lowest, and the highest was about one hundred. The gap made the feature data set in an imbalanced situation. In order to deal with this situation, this article will use various imbalanced data processing algorithms to improve the situation where the number of strokes is too large; in addition, for body recognition, the CNN that is now commonly used by everyone is used to display under deep learning, and Before the identification of the body under the traditional network architecture, the use of CNN can make its identification ability, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the identification of each feature data set