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Augmenting intelligence: shaping the future of work in South-East Asia
No full textArtificial intelligence is disrupting not only the jobs traditionally classified as manual and routine, but also – and more profoundly – the specialised cognitive roles once seen as safe from automation. This threatens the traditional ladder of social mobility in both advanced and emerging economies. As AI reshapes both high-skilled and low-skilled jobs, the question becomes: how can societies strengthen the middle of the labour market? This paper proposes a new strategy: an augmented-intelligence approach to job creation. Instead of simply automating tasks, this approach uses AI to enrich essential, practical work such as logistics, maintenance, care and customer service. These roles are not disappearing, but they remain low skilled and offer limited pathways for progression. By embedding intelligence into these jobs – and enhancing the opportunity for human judgement, adaptability and decision-making – we can elevate their value and rebuild a strong, inclusive middle. Written as a collaboration between the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change and Singapore’s Institute for Adult Learning, this paper applies the augmented-intelligence lens to three South-East Asian economies, each with their own unique challenges: Singapore is an innovation leader but must confront the socioeconomic risks of automating high-skilled tasks and offshoring. Vietnam has strong ambitions for AI adoption, but its success depends on inclusive strategies and better coordination across sectors. The Philippines has laid out a comprehensive digital roadmap but needs targeted policies and infrastructure improvements to bridge existing digital divides. The research adopted a participatory approach, engaging a wide range of stakeholders – including workers, employers, policymakers and global institutions – through interviews, focus groups and case studies. This method offers a nuanced understanding of AI’s real-world impact across industries and labour segments in the region. To guide action, this paper outlines a four-part policy framework for augmented intelligence, focused on reforms across policy, the economy, the workforce and society. It also provides country-specific recommendations for Singapore, Vietnam and the Philippines, translating these principles into practical steps tailored to each country’s unique context. While AI is a technological challenge, the real question is how to empower people and share its benefits widely. This paper offers forward-looking policy recommendations to foster inclusive innovation ecosystems, support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and prepare workers for human-machine collaboration. If South-East Asian governments take bold, people-centred action, they can unlock AI’s economic potential while advancing equity and social mobility
HTA241 Navigating clinical trial design under the EU Health Technology Assessment Regulation
No full textMapping the scale and scope of just transition finance in private credit and equity funds
No full textThis report develops a framework to map the scale and scope of the just transition for private equity and credit funds that have specialist expertise in sustainable and socially responsible investing. It provides evidence to inform the case for continued action on a just transition, examples of emerging practice for investors, and recommendations for policymakers. As private capital assumes a growing share of financing for energy infrastructure – a sector with clear implications for community development, employment and land use – understanding how these investors approach the just transition becomes critical. The report examines how 23 specialist private equity and credit funds embed just transition principles into their energy infrastructure investments, drawing on policy document analysis and semi-structured interviews with fund representatives
The role of taxes and benefits in protecting household incomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of seven Latin American countries
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected household incomes around the world. In developed economies, pre-pandemic tax–benefit policies and emergency transfers mitigated to a large extent the negative income shock. However, less is known about the effect of government intervention on household incomes in developing countries. The aim of this chapter is to assess in a comparative way the role of tax–benefit policies in protecting household incomes during the pandemic in seven Latin American countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. Departing from previous studies, we assess the effects both of expanded social assistance programmes and of automatic stabilizers (i.e. pre-pandemic taxes and benefits). We find an important cushioning effect of emergency policies at the bottom of the pre-pandemic income distribution, whereas automatic stabilizers are mostly present at the top of the distribution as a result of reduced social insurance and tax payments during the pandemic
Research on dementia and inequalities in care and support – a map of the terrain and discussion of key issues
No full textBrexit: a critical audit in the cold light of day
No full textBrexit has been a decade-long process rather than discrete events, and has had enduring effects on the UK economy and society, as well as affecting former partners in the EU. While there is a broad consensus that the macroeconomic impact has been damaging to both sides, the incidence of Brexit on households, social groups and different economic sectors has been uneven. Overall, it has affected the UK more than the EU: an extensive study by Germany’s IFO Institut projected that the negative economic impact on the UK would be five times greater than on Germany, and minimal for Austria and Slovenia. This paper distinguishes between three broad categories of consequences of Brexit: economic, social and governance related. It starts with an overview of what was expected from Brexit, contrasting the ‘project fear’ narrative of the remain campaign with the promises of the leave campaigns about opportunities for re-orientating the UK economy towards more dynamic partner countries, curbing inflows of migrants and enabling better regulation
Let the people of Malaya rule their own country! The Communist Party of Great Britain's solidarity campaign with Malaya
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