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The autonomous adaptation of US homes to changing temperatures
No full textLittle is known about how households adapt to climate change. Previous research has focused on geographical differences in fuel choice and air conditioning. Using a 28-year panel of homes, we conducted the first longitudinal analysis of eight categories of adaptations and their impact on electricity, gas, and water expenditures. Exposure to cold or warm days correlates with increased spending on doors, windows, equipment, insulation, energy, and water. Our findings suggest cooling costs will rise, offset by lower heating costs. We predict a significant increase in electricity and water use during summer, leading to seasonal utility adjustments
Unemployment dynamics and endogenous unemployment insurance extensions
No full textThis paper investigates the general equilibrium effects of endogenous unemployment insurance (UI) extensions on the dynamics of unemployment and its duration in the US. Using a stochastic random-search-and-matching model with worker heterogeneity, I allow for the maximum UI duration to endogenously depend on unemployment, and for UI benefits to depend on worker characteristics replicating the US benefit system. The model is able to generate the observed incidence of (long-term) unemployment over the past six decades. Responses of job search to UI extensions (microeconomic effect of UI) are important for both long-term and total unemployment whilst responses of job separations (general equilibrium effect of UI) is important for total unemployment. Worker heterogeneity in terms of benefit levels is crucial for the unemployment duration dynamics via heterogeneous job finding rates. Disregarding the rational expectations of UI extensions may overestimate unemployment by almost 2 percentage points
I take a deep breath first” adolescent self-regulation and co-regulation in contexts of urban poverty in Bogotá, Colombia
No full textPrevious research shows that poverty can hinder the development of self-regulation skills, yet little is known about how individuals living in poverty experience self-regulation. This qualitative study aims to understand young people’s experiences as they deploy self-regulation strategies and navigate interpersonal and contextual barriers associated with chronic scarcity. Adolescents (n=29) aged 10-19 years living in low-income urban areas in Bogotá, Colombia, participated in semi-structured interviews and provided journal entries. Data were analyzed using framework analysis. Findings reveal that adolescents self-regulate using avoidance, reflection, physiologically mediated strategies, and self-care practices. They regulate themselves to solve interpersonal conflict and achieve personal and family-oriented goals. Co-regulation practices primarily involving peers were identified. Despite having a rich repertoire of self-regulation strategies, participants described that dysregulated responses by significant others and the lack of material resources interfere with their effective use of self-regulation strategies. Our findings can inform interventions operating in contexts of adversity that seek to improve self-regulation during adolescence, a critical age for preventing mental health conditions and adverse developmental outcomes
Identity transformations of Ukrainian Jewry during the Russian-Ukrainian war: Odesa's communities and religious leaders at home and in exile
No full textRussia’s extended war on Ukraine has profoundly affected the country’s religious communities, institutions, and congregational networks. These networks were built on deep historical, cultural, and familial ties across the region. Most literature on identity transformations during the war has focused on the macro-level analysis of Ukraine’s majority populations and the relationship between Russian and Ukrainian cultural and linguistic elements in the rise of civic Ukrainian identity. This article expands this discussion by examining the experiences of Ukraine’s Jewish ethnoreligious minority as well as the roles of its community organizations and religious leaders in shaping attitudes and orientations towards emerging identities. It argues that the war has triggered a multidirectional process of identity transformation, and it challenges it conventional understandings of belonging in wartime Ukraine and in communities of the displaced. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews conducted virtually and in the field, primarily with Jews from Odesa, the author shows how Jews at home and in exile have come to position themselves as more and more Ukrainian while at the same time deepening their Jewish identity through active participation in Jewish communal life
Combating silicosis in India: from compensation to prevention
No full textSilicosis is a fibrotic lung disease with no curative remedy available. Largely affecting those in the vicinity of industrial sites, this branch of pneumoconiosis is one of the most pervasive occupational health hazards. Despite its ancient origins, little progress had been made towards devising a cohesive strategy to combat silicosis. However, at the turn of the 21st century, instrumentalities of the state as well as civil society began to gradually uncover the wide dragnet this disease had cast over unsuspecting workers. Demographically, silicosis patients comprise of unregistered, socioeconomically vulnerable labourers in desperate need of state support. In the last decade, institutional response to combat silicosis has by and large remained limited to provision of compensation for silicosis patients. Through this paper, we seek to elaborate on how efforts must now evolve further towards establishing preventive mechanisms that limit the prevalence of silicosis
Is social connectedness still in decline after the Covid-19 pandemic? Cohort trends in secondary school students in Finland between 2017 and 2023
No full textSeveral previous cohort studies suggest declining social connectedness in young people since 2000, the pattern accelerated during the covid-19 pandemic. Little is known whether social connectedness had recovered to the pre-pandemic levels. We investigated whether the declining pattern in experienced social connectedness in secondary school students between 2017 and 2021 changed in 2023. We also investigated the role of individual and school characteristics in these trends. We used nationally representative Finnish data of students in lower and upper secondary education (analytic n = 556,424–557,391). Social connectedness was measured by number of close friends, feelings of loneliness and sense of belonging at school. Regression analyses included the fixed effects and the interactions of year, gender, school level, parental education, immigration status of the student and urban-rural location. The results showed that the overall declining trend of social connectedness between 2017 and 2021 slowed down between 2021 and 2023: number of close friends further declined at a slower rate (1% decline), while there was no change in sense of belonging at school and a slight recovery (2% reduction) in feelings of loneliness. In some subgroups, such as students in general upper secondary schools and students with immigration background had a faster recovery than other student groups. The results point to little overall improvement in social connectedness in secondary school students in Finland after the pandemic
Replication Data for: Policing carbon markets
No full textPublic replication package for: Calel, R., Dechezleprêtre, A., & Venmans, F. (2025). Policing carbon markets. Climate Policy, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2025.246469
Replication Data for: Fiscal Consolidation: Lessons for the U.S.
No full textThis entry contains the README and replication code for "Fiscal Consolidation: Lessons for the U.S.," forthcoming in the National Tax Journa