European University of the Canary Islands
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Regeneration of historie hamlets between material and immaterial actions
No full textLas actuales emergencias medioambientales, sanitarias y
socioeconómicas han incrementado el debate sobre los
vínculos entre la metrópoli y las zonas del interior,
reconociendo en los pequeños pueblos históricos un
nuevo atractivo. Lugares sometidos durante mucho
tiempo a la despoblación y la marginación ven ahora la
oportunidad de renacer mediante procesos de
regeneración. Es un proceso complejo que requiere una
alianza entre la ciudad, los asentamientos más pequeños
y el territorio, con visiones a medio y largo plazo .. Este
artículo examina tres casos distintos de regeneración de
pueblos históricos en Italia (Piamonte, Liguria y Umbría).
Colletta di Castelbianco, Ostana y Postignano son
ejemplos en los que la arquitectura ha desempeñado un
papel clave en la puesta en valor del patrimonio cultural y
el paisaje. Proyectos en contextos diferentes que ponen
de relieve elementos comunes y aportan elementos de
reflexión para futuras intervenciones en otros pueblos. La
búsqueda de la calidad y la justa medida en la
arquitectura, el equilibrio entre tradición e innovación y el
respeto por la relación con el paisaje son fundamentales.
Sin embargo, las acciones materiales deben estar
flanqueadas por acciones intangibles a través de
proyectos integrados para activar procesos virtuosos en
las dimensiones medioambiental, social y económica,
contribuyendo al desarrollo de territorios y comunidades.The current environmental, health and socio-economic
emergencies have increased the debate on the links
between metropolises and inland areas, recognising a new
attractiveness in small historie villages. Places that have
long been subject to depopulation and marginalization,
today see the opportunity to be reborn through
regeneration processes. Is a complex process that
requires an alliance between cities, smaller settlements
and the territory, with medium- and long-term visions. This
article examines three distinct cases of regeneration of
historie villages in ltaly (Piedmont, Liguria and Umbría).
Colletta di Castelbianco, Ostana and Postignano are
examples where architecture has played a key role in
enhancing the cultural and landscape heritage. Projects in
different contexts that highlight common elements and
provide food far thought far future interventions in other
villages. The search far quality and the right measure in
architecture, the balance between tradition and innovation,
respect far the relationship with the landscape are
fundamental. However, material actions must be
accompanied by immaterial actions through integrated
projects to actívate virtuous processes in the
environmental, social and economic dimensions,
contributing to the development of territories and
communities.Sin FinanciaciónNo data JCR 2023; No data SJR 2023; 0,02 C4 IDR 202
House sparrow nesting site selection in urban environments: a multivariate approach in mediterranean Spain
No full textThe House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) is a common but declining bird species in its native urban areas, partly due to reduced nesting site availability caused by modern urbanisation and loss of old architectural styles. In this study, we analysed, through a multivariate approach, the environmental factors influencing House Sparrow nest site selection in three diverse inland urban areas within the Valencian Community, Spain. We located 584 House Sparrow nests during spring 2017 and also selected 300 random points (habitat availability) in the study localities. We used Factorial Analyses of Mixed Data to assess urban feature gradients of nests and urban variables. We carried out Generalized Linear Mixed Models to compare nest locations to random points and explore variations in nesting typologies between urban zones. Specific nest site preferences vary between urban sectors, indicating that House Sparrow nests are not randomly located in urban areas. Nests are typically found near parks, schools, vacant plots, city limits, and surrounding crops, where greater vegetation cover provides abundant food sources. Low-rise terraced houses with traditional roofs and open clay tiles are consistently preferred for nesting, whereas modern architectural trends reduce nesting opportunities. Preserving green areas and old architecture with open clay tiles is essential for maintaining nesting sites and promoting House Sparrow conservation in Mediterranean urban areas. Adherence to these conservation measures may also benefit other hole-nesting species and urban wildlife reliant on green spaces.Sin Financiación2.1 Q3 JCR 20230.59 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Prevalence, diagnosis and management of musculoskeletal disorders in elite athletes: A mini-review
No full textMusculoskeletal injuries in elite sports are ones of the most impact issue because their remarkable impact on performance caused by drastic absence of training and competition and a progressive deterioration in physical health, emotional and social athletes' dimensions. Also, the prevalence of epidemiologic research found an incidence of musculoskeletal disorders vary within sports and in elite athletes which is even higher as a consequence of higher demand physical performance. This way, the loss of physical performance due to an sport injury impacts not only the individual economic sphere of the professional but also that ofsports entities, reaching, according to some studies, a loss estimated in the range of 74.7 million pounds. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review and to provide an overview of the most common musculoskeletal injuries in elite sports precipitating factors, clinical presentation, evidence-based diagnostic evaluation, and treatment recommendations with a view to preventing medical conditions or musculoskeletal injuries that may alter performance and general health in the elite athletes.Sin financiación3.8 Q1 JCR 20230.576 Q2 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Natural deep eutectic solvents: A paradigm of stability and permeability in the design of new ingredients
No full textAscorbic Acid (AA) is a crucial component in the food industry, serving as both a quality and safety criterion. It is used to fortify foods due to its significant role in human health, acting as an antioxidant. Its benefits extend to both product quality and consumer health in the food and cosmetic industry. Due to their physicochemical properties, Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) have the potential to be used for the extraction and stabilization of bioactive compounds. The objective of this study is to characterize various NADES, simulate the solubility of AA, evaluate the antioxidant and protective capacity of NADES, and investigate the permeability of this vitamin through the skin and gastrointestinal membrane. Antioxidant capacity was measured using three methods: TEAC, DPPH, and ORAC. The solubility of AA in NADES systems was simulated using the COSMOTherm software. The degradation of AA was monitored by HPLC/UV–Vis for 30 days at two different storage temperatures. Additionally, the membrane solubility was measured using the PAMPA method in both skin and gastrointestinal. The results indicate that organic acid-based NADES are more polar than sugar and polyalcohol-based NADES. The solubility prediction shows that reduced ln(γ) in Choline chloride-based NADES results in low AA solubility, which positively correlates with higher pH values. AA degradation increased at lower pH, and its half-life time was longer at 4 °C, being the best choline chloride (ChChl):xylose. Moreover, betaine:malic acid, ChChl:tartaric acid, and ChChl:lactic acid gave worse stabilizing results than control. According to the PAMPA study, AA in lactic acid:glucose had the highest Pe (permeability coefficient) for both gastrointestinal (Log Pe: −4.99) and skin (Log Pe: −4.78). Malic acid:glucose, on the other hand, had the lowest LogPe value (−6.9). In this study, some NADES can play a protective role in the preservation of ascorbic acid. This statement could be extended to other bioactive compounds found in NADES extracts that may be impacted by oxidative processes. Moreover, not all NADES stabilized equally AA. These findings could be applied to the formulation of ascorbic acid-containing drugs, cosmetics, and food products.PID-2019-111331RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033CPP2021-008937 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/Unión Europea NextGeneration EU/PRTR5.3 Q2 JCR 20230.918 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
The role of duty, gender and intergenerational care in grandmothers’ parenting of grandchildren: a phenomenological qualitative study
No full textObjectives: The aim of this study was to describe grandmothers’ experiences of taking care of their grandchildren in terms of their care-giving tasks, motivations and emotions. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used, based on the relevance of the research question. Seventeen participants were included, women ≥ 65 years old, grandmothers who care for their grandchildren at least 10 h per week and who attended the Nursing units of the Primary Care Health Centers (Madrid Public Health Service). Seventeen in-depth interviews were conducted. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was carried out from the perspective of hermeneutic phenomenology. For the analysis, the Excel program was used to organize and share the coding process. Also, we followed COREQ guidelines. Results: Four main themes were identified: (a) Care out of obligation, where participants feel an obligation to help their children by caring for grandchildren, regardless of their number, and prefer to do so voluntarily; (b) Care out of responsibility, where grandmothers see their role as a responsibility that includes saving costs by caring for grandchildren and facilitating their children’s work life balance; (c) Care as a social duty, reflecting a moral commitment inherited from their mothers to help future generations; and (d) Construction of care from a gender perspective, where grandmothers, as women, primarily assume the care and upbringing of grandchildren. Discussion: Our results contribute to increase knowledge about childcare provided by grandmothers to their grandchildren. Grandmothers become fundamental pillars of families by helping their children balance family and work. Behind this care there is a strong sense of obligation, duty and generational responsibility. Grandmothers’ help presents differences in the distribution of tasks and care by sex. Identifying factors that motivate grandmothers to care for their grandchildren helps nurses to perform higher quality comprehensive care.Sin financiación3.1 Q1 JCR 20230.894 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2022UE
Efectos de una intervención de ejercicio de fuerza sobre la salud muscular de pacientes adultos con fibrosis quística
No full textTesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Escuela de Doctorado e Investigación. Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Ciencias de la SaludApenas unas décadas atrás, la Fibrosis Quística (FQ) era conocida como una
enfermedad infantil. Gracias a los avances de la ciencia en los tratamientos de
la enfermedad, la esperanza de vida ha aumentado drásticamente en esta
población. Hoy en día más de la mitad de los pacientes son adultos, sin
embargo, existe aún poca información sobre esta población. La FQ es una
enfermedad genética causada por más de 2000 diferentes mutaciones que
ocasionan un fallo en el canal regulador de la conductancia transmembrana de
la FQ (CFTR). Este fallo del canal CFTR afecta a diversos tejidos, siendo el
deterioro del tejido muscular menos estudiado en esta población.
El músculo de los pacientes con FQ presenta alteraciones en su estructura y
función debido al fallo del CFTR en este tejido y a otros factores como la
inflamación, la malabsorción de nutrientes y el desacondicionamiento físico
que presentan los pacientes. Este tejido es especialmente importante en la
población adulta ya que es un factor determinante en la salud metabólica, en
la funcionalidad y en la calidad de vida.
El ejercicio físico es una herramienta muy útil en la población pediátrica con FQ,
sin embargo, existe menos información sobre su efecto en el tejido muscular
del adulto con FQ. Por lo tanto, el OBJETIVO GENERAL de la presente tesis
doctoral fue: determinar el efecto de una intervención de ejercicio de fuerza
de 8 semanas de duración, supervisado de forma telemática, con intensidad
moderada-alta y con progresiones individualizadas sobre la salud muscular en
pacientes adultos con FQ con afectación pulmonar. Los OBJETIVOS
ESPECÍFICOS fueron los siguientes: (1) estudiar si existen diferencias entre los
pacientes adultos con FQ y sujetos sanos de la misma edad y sexo en
composición corporal, capacidad cardiorrespiratoria y biomarcadores de
inflamación alfa Klotho (α-Kl) e interleuquina 10 (IL-10); (2) analizar el efecto
de la intervención de ejercicio de fuerza sobre la fuerza y función muscular; (3)
sobre la composición corporal; (4) sobre los biomarcadores de inflamación (α Kl e IL-10); (5) sobre la función pulmonar; y (6) sobre la calidad de vida en los
pacientes adultos con FQ con afectación pulmonar.
Para dar respuesta al objetivo específico 1, se llevó a cabo un estudio
descriptivo comparando 30 pacientes adultos con FQ con 30 sujetos sanos,
emparejados por sexo y edad. Se evaluó la composición corporal con la
absorciometría de energía dual de rayos X (DXA), la capacidad
cardiorrespiratoria con un protocolo incremental en tapiz y los biomarcadores
de inflamación (α-Kl e IL-10) en suero mediante un ensayo inmuno-absorbente
ligado a enzimas (ELISA).
Para dar respuesta al objetivo general de la tesis y a los objetivos 2, 3, 4, 5 y 6,
se desarrolló un ensayo controlado aleatorio (ECA), donde 32 sujetos con FQ
fueron aleatorizados en 2 grupos: ejercicio (EX) y control (CON). La
intervención de ejercicio de fuerza fue de 8 semanas semanas de duración,
supervisada de forma telemática, con intensidad moderada-alta, utilizando
bandas de resistencia y con progresiones individualizadas. Se evaluaron los
efectos sobre la fuerza muscular con los ejercicios de prensa de piernas, press
de pecho y jalón dorsal en máquinas, la composición corporal con DXA, los
biomarcadores de inflamación (α-Kl e IL-10) en suero mediante un ELISA, la
función pulmonar con espirometría y la calidad de vida mediante el Cystic
Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised (CFQ-R 14+).
Entre los resultados principales se observó que la población adulta con FQ, en
comparación con los sujetos sanos, presentaron una menor masa libre de
grasa, índice de masa libre de grasa (FFMI), masa muscular, índice de músculo esquelético (SMI) e índice de musculo esquelético apendicular (ASMI), un
mayor porcentaje de grasa (BAI) e índice de masa grasa (FMI) y un menor
consumo pico de oxígeno (VO2pico). Además, presentaron niveles de α-Kl en
suero alterados, con comportamientos diferentes según el sexo.
La intervención de ejercicio de fuerza consiguió un aumento de la fuerza
muscular de miembros inferiores, de la masa libre de grasa total, de la masa
libre de grasa del tronco y del FFMI. También se observó una disminución de la
masa grasa total, del BAI y del FMI en los pacientes que realizaron la
intervención. No se observaron efectos significativos de la intervención en los
biomarcadores inflamatorios, la función pulmonar y la calidad de vida.
Esta tesis aporta información valiosa sobre las características de la nueva
población adulta con FQ, evidenciando una marcada deficiencia en la masa
muscular de los pacientes. Por otro lado, el entrenamiento de fuerza consiguió
mejorar la salud muscular, observándose aumentos tanto en la fuerza
muscular como en la masa libre de grasa. Estos resultados indican que, a pesar
del fallo del CFTR a nivel muscular, el músculo del paciente adulto con FQ
responde al entrenamiento de fuerza, lo cual resalta la importancia de incluir
el entrenamiento de fuerza como parte de los pilares de tratamiento de los
pacientes con FQ.Just a few decades ago, Cystic Fibrosis (CF) was known as a childhood disease.
Thanks to scientific advances in the treatment of the disease, life expectancy
has increased dramatically in this population. Today more than half of the
patients are adults, however, there is still little information about this
population. CF is a genetic disease caused by more than 2000 different
mutations that result in a failure of the CF transmembrane conductance
regulator (CFTR) channel. This failure of the CFTR channel affects a variety of
tissues, with muscle tissue impairment being less studied in this population.
Muscle in CF patients has alterations in structure and function due to CFTR
failure in this tissue and other factors such as inflammation, malabsorption of
nutrients and physical deconditioning in patients. This tissue is particularly
important in the adult population as it is a key determinant of metabolic health,
functionality and quality of life.
Physical exercise is a very useful tool in the paediatric population with CF,
however, there is less information on its effect on muscle tissue in adults with
CF. Therefore, the GENERAL OBJECTIVE of this doctoral thesis was: to
determine the effect of an 8-week strength training intervention, telematically
supervised, of moderate-high intensity, and with individualised progressions
on muscle health of adult CF patients with pulmonary involvement. The
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES were the following: (1) to study whether there are
differences between adult CF patients and healthy subjects of the same age
and sex in body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and biomarkers of
inflammation alpha Klotho (α-Kl) and interleukin-10 (IL-10); (2) to analyse the
effect of the strength training intervention on muscle strength and function; (3) on body composition; (4) on biomarkers of inflammation (α-Kl and IL-10);
(5) on lung function; and (6) on quality of life in adult CF patients with
pulmonary involvement.
To address specific objective 1, a descriptive study was conducted comparing
30 adult CF patients with 30 healthy subjects of the same sex and age. Body
composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA),
cardiorespiratory fitness by an incremental protocol on a treadmill and
biomarkers of inflammation (α-Kl and IL-10) in serum by an enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
To address the overall aim of the thesis and objectives 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a
randomised controlled trial (RCT) was carried out, where 32 subjects with CF
were randomised into 2 groups: exercise (EX) and control (CON). The strength
training intervention was of 8 weeks duration, telematically supervised, with
moderate-high intensity, using resistance bands and with individualised
progressions. Effects on muscle strength were assessed with leg press, chest
press and lat-pulldown exercises on machines, body composition with DXA,
serum biomarkers of inflammation (α-Kl and IL-10) with ELISA, lung function
with spirometry and quality of life with the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire
Revised (CFQ-R 14+).
Among the main results, it was observed that the adult CF population,
compared to healthy subjects, had lower fat-free mass, fat-free mass index
(FFMI), muscle mass, skeletal muscle index (SMI) and appendicular skeletal
muscle index (ASMI), higher fat percentage (BAI) and fat mass index (FMI), and
lower peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). In addition, they had altered serum
α-Kl levels, with different behaviour according to sex.
The strength training intervention achieved an increase in lower limbs muscle
strength, total fat-free mass, trunk fat-free mass, and FFMI. A decrease in total fat mass, BAI and FMI was also observed in the intervention patients. No
significant effects of the intervention were observed on inflammatory
biomarkers, lung function and quality of life.
This thesis provides valuable information on the characteristics of the new
adult population with CF, showing a marked deficiency in the muscle mass of
the patients. On the other hand, strength training was able to improve muscle
health, with increases in both muscle strength and fat-free mass. These results
indicate that, despite CFTR failure at the muscle level, the muscle of the adult
CF patient responds to strength training, highlighting the importance of
including strength training as part of the pillars of treatment for CF patients.No data 2022UE
Peripheral and central changes induced by neural mobilization in animal models of neuropathic pain: a systematic review
No full textIntroduction: Neural mobilization (NM) is a physiotherapy technique involving the passive mobilization of limb nerve structures with the aim to attempt to restore normal movement and structural properties. In recent years, human studies have shown pain relief in various neuropathic diseases and other pathologies as a result of this technique. Improvement in the range of motion (ROM), muscle strength and endurance, limb function, and postural control were considered beneficial effects of NM. To determine which systems generate these effects, it is necessary to conduct studies using animal models. The objective of this study was to gather information on the physiological effects of NM on the peripheral and central nervous systems (PNS and CNS) in animal models.
Methods: The search was performed in Medline, Pubmed and Web of Science and included 8 studies according to the inclusion criteria.
Results: The physiological effects found in the nervous system included the analgesic, particularly the endogenous opioid pathway, the inflammatory, by modulation of cytokines, and the immune system.
Conclusion: On the basis of these results, we can conclude that NM physiologically modifies the peripheral and central nervous systems in animal models.Sin financiación2.7 Q2 JCR 20230.966 Q2 SJR 2023No data IDR 2022UE
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and single-case designs on the efficacy of functional analytic psychotherapy
No full textFunctional analytic psychotherapy (FAP) is an approach based on contextual behavioral principles with a focus on interpersonal issues. This review quantitatively synthesized the evidence on the efficacy of FAP in addressing various clinical outcomes. A systematic literature search was conducted. After study selection, coding, and data extraction, outcomes were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses, metaregressions, and bias assessments were performed. Seventy studies met the inclusion criteria. Results from single-case designs showed significant improvements in idiographic clinically relevant behaviors (i.e., avoidance of intimacy and conflict vs. engaging in intimacy-promoting behaviors, assertive expression of feelings and needs). Controlled group studies showed robust results for depression and anxiety symptoms. No significant changes were found for anger, experiential avoidance, and mindfulness. Thus, our results provide empirical support for FAP in the treatment of interpersonal behaviors and internalizing symp- toms, although bias in the included studies may limit these findings.Sin Financiación4.7 Q1 JCR 20231.487 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Determining Factors that Influence Job Expectations of University Students in the Agri-Food and Biosystems Area
No full textThis paper analyzes the factors that affect the creation of job expectations of university students who pursue different degrees within the area of agri-food and biosystems in Spain. The objective is to establish a theoretical model that would allow for contrast analysis in future works. A review of previous literature on the topic, as well as a field study with a survey of 246 students, have been conducted to this end. The survey defined the different sociological, economic and motivational characteristics that could affect students` job expectations. A contrast of non-parametric statistics and Pearson's Chi-Square correlation test was applied to the analysis. The obtained results show that there are 5 main factors that affect the creation of job expectations of young university students: (1) economic stability, (2) characteristics of the job, (3) personal and formative maturity, (4) family influences, and (5) job satisfaction within the workplace.Sin Financiación2.1 Q2 JCR 20230.451 Q2 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Retos que supone la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito del Derecho
No full textSin FinanciaciónNo data SPI 2022UE