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Why are there no female coaches in elite women’s soccer? A qualitative study of Spanish female coaches
No full textSpanish soccer coaching is almost exclusively male-dominated. Even in women’s soccer, women rarely have the opportunity to develop as coaches. Although some female ex-players have coached youth teams, very few have made it to directing elite female teams. The objective of this research was to examine the opinions of women coaches who have reached an elite level to understand the shortage of female coaches in Spanish women’s soccer. Fifteen female coaches with a mean coaching experience of 14 years underwent semi-structured interviews. The main factors identified as barriers were work conditions, low pay, gender stereotypes, lack of female role models, and a lack of effective hiring strategies. Despite this, it seems that, besides external discrimination, decisions made by women themselves have contributed to the lack of female coaches in Spanish elite women’s soccer.Sin Financiación1.5 Q3 JCR 20230.534 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
La capacidad de lo genérico
No full textSin FinanciaciónNo data JCR 2023; No data SJR 2023; 0,02 C4 IDR 202
Different effects of four rest periods after the last weekly training session on young male professional soccer players’ physical performance
No full textThe main aim of this study was to analyze the optimal pre-competitive recovery period for young male professional soccer players to be in the best conditions to achieve a higher physical performance. Seventeen young male professional soccer players (age: 20.7 ± 1.0 years) who participated in the Tunisian soccer league participated in this study. Players underwent a fitness test battery after four different recovery periods: 12, 24, 36, and 48h following their last training session. The battery fitness test included a linear sprint test (i.e., 5 and 20m distances), squat jumps (SJ), countermovement jumps (CMJ), ball shooting test, a Yo-yo endurance intermittent test (YYIRT-1) and a 15-m ball dribbling agility test (Ag). The main findings indicated that the 12h recovery period resulted in better performance in the 5m sprint test compared to 36h, as well as in the SJs and CMJs as compared to the 48h recovery period. Additionally, the 24h recovery period showed significantly better results in the 20-m sprint test compared to all other recovery periods, as well as in the SJ and Ag tests compared to the 48h recovery period. In practical terms, these findings suggest that coaches should consider scheduling the last training session for soccer players 12-24h before the match to enhance their physical performance, particularly in linear sprinting, vertical jumps, and agility variables. However, in situations where it is not possible to adjust the timing of the last training session, an alternative approach is to incorporate "priming-day" exercises on the match day, around 6-8h prior to the competition.Prince Sultan University2.9 Q1 JCR 20230.839 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
How mindfulness, self-compassion, and experiential avoidance are related to perceived stress in a sample of university students
No full textUniversity students constitute a population that is highly vulnerable to developing mental health problems, such as distress. The role of different variables associated with the development of states of stress has been studied in order to identify potential risk and protective factors. This study explored whether mindfulness, self-compassion, and experiential avoidance, while controlling for specific sociodemographic and academic variables, were potential significant protective or risk factors explaining perceived stress in a sample of 589
Spanish university students (81.2% female, age range 18–48 years). A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed using an exploratory cross-sectional design. Higher experiential avoidance, lower self-compassion, lower mindfulness, not perceiving family support, higher total study hours per week, having a partner (vs. being single), being female (vs. being male), and being older were significantly associated with higher levels of perceived
stress. In conclusion, perceived stress in our sample was positively associated with experiential avoidance, which could be regarded as a potential psychological risk variable.
In contrast, perceived stress was negatively correlated with self-compassion and mindfulness, which, in turn, could be seen as protective factors. Accordingly, it is concluded that programmes aimed at reducing stress and at improving well-being among university students should include experiential avoidance, self-compassion, and mindfulness as therapeutic targets.AGAUR FI predoctoral contract (FI_B/00216)Institute of Health Carlos III PFIS predoctoral contract (ISCIII; FI20/00034)ISCIII in "Sara Borrell" postdoctoral contract (CD20/ 00181)ISCIII research contract (ICI20/00080)“Miguel Servet” research contract (CP21/00080)Serra Hu´nter program (UAB-LE-8015, UAB-LE-603)CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP CB22/02/00052; ISCIII)3.7 Q2 JCR 20220.885 Q1 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE
Green Solvents: Emerging Alternatives for Carotenoid Extraction from Fruit and Vegetable By-Products
No full textCarotenoids have important implications for human health and the food industry due to their antioxidant and functional properties. Their extraction is a crucial step for being able to concentrate them and potentially include them in food products. Traditionally, the extraction of carotenoids is performed using organic solvents that have toxicological effects. Developing greener solvents and techniques for extracting high-value compounds is one of the principles of green chemistry and a challenge for the food industry. This review will analyze the use of green solvents, namely, vegetable oils, supercritical fluids, deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, and limonene, combined with nonconventional techniques (ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave), for carotenoid extraction from fruit and vegetable by-products as upcoming alternatives to organic solvents. Recent developments in the isolation of carotenoids from green solvents and their inclusion in food products will also be discussed. The use of green solvents offers significant advantages in extracting carotenoids, both by decreasing the downstream process of solvent elimination, and the fact that the carotenoids can be included directly in food products without posing a risk to human health.Los carotenoides tienen importantes implicaciones para la salud humana y la industria alimentaria debido a sus propiedades antioxidantes y funcionales. Su extracción es un paso crucial para poder concentrarlos e incluirlos potencialmente en productos alimentarios. Tradicionalmente, la extracción de carotenoides se realiza utilizando disolventes orgánicos que tienen efectos toxicológicos. El desarrollo de disolventes y técnicas más ecológicas para la extracción de compuestos de alto valor es uno de los principios de la química verde y un reto para la industria alimentaria. Esta revisión analizará el uso de disolventes verdes, a saber, aceites vegetales, fluidos supercríticos, disolventes eutécticos profundos, líquidos iónicos y limoneno, combinados con técnicas no convencionales (extracción asistida por ultrasonidos y microondas), para la extracción de carotenoides a partir de subproductos de frutas y verduras como próximas alternativas a los disolventes orgánicos. También se comentarán los últimos avances en el aislamiento de carotenoides a partir de disolventes verdes y su inclusión en productos alimentarios. El uso de disolventes verdes ofrece ventajas significativas en la extracción de carotenoides, tanto por la disminución del proceso posterior de eliminación del disolvente, como por el hecho de que los carotenoides pueden incluirse directamente en los productos alimentarios sin que supongan un riesgo para la salud humana.Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain) -State Research Agency (PID-2019-111331RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)“Generación Bicentenario” scholarship from the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Peru (PRONABEC)5.2 Q1 JCR 20220.771 Q1 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE
Effects of continuous chelation on the instrumentation of curved canals with a martensitic NiTi file system: an ex vivo micro‐CT evaluation
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of continuous chelation on apical transportation and centrality in shaped curved canals prepared with a martensitic file system and evaluated by micro-CT. Twenty-four lower molar canals with a curvature of 25o–40o were scanned pre-operatively with micro-CT and divided into 2 groups according to two different irrigation regimens (n=12). Group 1 was irrigated with NaOCl, group 2 with Dual Rinse. All canals were prepared with VDW. ROTATE system. The samples were scanned post-operatively and evaluated at 1, 3 and 5 mm from the apex to determine apical transportation and canal centrality using VG Studio software. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups for both apical transportation and canal centrality at any of the levels studied (p < 05). The use of continuous chelation during the instrumentation of the canals with martensitic alloy files does not produce greater transportation and does not gener- ate changes in centralization compared to NaOCl-only irrigation. Combined chelation and disinfection while shaping with martensitic NiTi can simplify the irrigation regimen without inducing iatrogenic aberrations.Sin financiación2.5 Q3 JCR 20220.604 Q1 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE
Comparative Cardiac Magnetic Resonance-Based Feature Tracking and Deep-Learning Strain Assessment in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Myocarditis
No full textThis study sought to examine the correlation between left ventricular (LV) myocardial feature tracking (FT) and deep learning-based strain (DLS) analysis in the diagnostic (CMRd) and follow-up (CMRf) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of patients with acute myocarditis. The retrospective study included 17 patients with acute myocarditis and 20 healthy controls. The CMRd took place within 14 days of symptom onset, while the CMRf took place at least 2 months after the event. The global-circumferential FT (FTc) and global-circumferential DLS (DLSc) were analyzed. The continuous variables were compared using paired t-tests or the Wilcoxon test, whereas Pearson’s test or Spearman’s test was used to evaluate the correlation between the continuous variables. The time between the CMRd and CMRf was 5 months [3–11]. The LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 55 ± 6 and 59 ± 4%, p = 0.008, respectively, and 94.1% of the patients showed late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and myocardial edema on the CMRd. Significantly lower FTc (−16.1 ± 2.2% vs. −18.9 ± 1.9%, p = 0.001) and DLSc (−38.1 ± 5.2% vs. −41.3 ± 4.5%, p = 0.015) were observed with respect to the controls. Significant increases in the FTc (−16.1 ± 2.2 vs. −17.5 ± 1.9%, p = 0.016) and DLSc (−38.1 ± 5.2 vs. −39.8 ± 3.9%, p = 0.049) were found between the CMRd and CMRf, which were unrelated to the LGE. The LVEF correlated well with the FTc (r = 0.840) and DLSc (r = 0.760). Both techniques had excellent reproducibility, with high intra- (FTc = 0.980, DLSc = 1.000) and interobserver (FTc = 0.970, DLSc = 0.980) correlation. There was correlation between the LV DLSc/FTc and LVEF in the patients with acute myocarditis according to the CMRd and CMRfSin financiación3.9 Q2 JCR 20220.935 Q1 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE
Efficacy of stem cells in bone rehabilitation in patients with alveolar bone atrophy: a systematic review
No full textBackground: Biomedical engineering proposes the use of stem cells as a bone rehabilitation treatment in patients with alveolar bone defects. Many authors suggest that this innovative technique could represent the future of bone regeneration in dentistry. The present study systematically reviewed the efficacy of stem cells in bone regeneration in patients with alveolar bone atrophy.
Material and methods: The study was developed following the criteria of the PRISMA guideline (2020). The literature review was conducted in Pubmed, Medline Complete, and Scopus. The search algorithms used the following key words: stem cells, bone regeneration, and alveolar ridge augmentation. To assess the risk of bias, the CASPe methodology was used.
Results: Seven clinical trials in humans were included in this systematic review. In all the studies, the proposed objective of bone regeneration by using stem cells was achieved, although in a different way with different results. Although the authors of the analysed clinical trials achieved favourable results, they highlighted the presence of multiple limitations throughout bone regeneration treatments, such as scarce scientific literature on stem cells, a reduced number of follow-up studies, and a lack of a standardized international protocol.
Conclusions: Based on the analysed studies, it is concluded that the therapy proposed by tissue engineering through the use of stem cells to rehabilitate patients with bone atrophies can be considered effective. In addition, the need for further studies and standardization of protocols is highlighted.Sin financiación2.2 Q3 JCR 20220.587 Q2 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE
Beef Nutritional Characteristics, Fat Profile and Blood Metabolic Markers from Purebred Wagyu, Crossbred Wagyu and Crossbred European Steers Raised on a Fattening Farm in Spain
No full textA high intramuscular fat content characterizes Wagyu (WY) cattle breed. Our objective was to compare beef from WY, WY-by-Angus, or Wangus (WN) steers with European, Angus-by-Charolais-Limousine crossbred steers (ACL), considering metabolic biomarkers pre-slaughtering and nutritional characteristics, including health-related indexes of the lipid fraction. The fattening system with olein-rich diets and no exercise restriction included 82 steers, 24 WY, 29 WN, and 29 ACL. The slaughter ages and weights were (median and interquartile range) 38.4 mo.-old (34.9–40.3 mo.) and 840 kg (785–895 kg) for WY; for WN, 30.6 mo. (26.9–36.5 mo.) and 832 kg (802–875 kg), and for ACL steers, 20.3 mo.-old (19.0–22.7 mo.) and 780 kg (715–852 kg). Blood lipid-related metabolites, except for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and low-density level cholesterol (LDL), were higher in WY and WN than in ACL, while glucose was lower in WY and WN. Leptin was higher in WN than in ACL. Pre-slaughtering values of plasma HDL underscored as a possible metabolic biomarker directly related to beef quality. The amino-acid content in beef did not differ among experimental groups, except for more crude protein in ACL. Compared to ACL, WY steers showed higher intramuscular fat in sirloin (51.5 vs. 21.9%) and entrecote (59.6 vs. 27.6%), more unsaturated fatty acids in entrecote (55.8 vs. 53.0%), and more oleic acid in sirloin (46 vs. 41.3%) and entrecote (47.5 vs. 43.3%). Compared to ACL entrecote, WY and WN showed better atherogenic (0.6 and 0.55 vs. 0.69), thrombogenicity (0.82 and 0.92 vs. 1.1), and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index (1.9 and 2.1 vs. 1.7). Therefore, beef’s nutritional characteristics depend on breed/crossbred, slaughtering age and cut, with WY and WN entrecote samples showing a healthier lipid fraction.Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CDTI-IDI-20180254)3.0 Q1 JCR 20220.684 Q1 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE
La adecuación de las habilidades juveniles para el trabajo del futuro
No full textIntroducción: La economía está constituida por una serie de agentes y mecanismos que, de forma conjunta, generan valor para la sociedad. En gran parte, el desarrollo económico depende de la adecuación de las habilidades de la fuerza laboral a la demanda empresarial.
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio ha sido identificar en qué medida los jóvenes españoles tienen desarrolladas las competencias que las empresas que conforman la economía indican como las que serán demandadas en el futuro.
Metodología: Las competencias a analizar se han identificado a partir del informe de la consultora McKinsey “Defining the skills citizens will need in the future world of work” elaborado por Dondi, M., Klier, J., Panier, F., & Schubert, J. (Junio 2021) y para valorar el nivel de cumplimiento de las mismas por parte de los jóvenes, se ha realizado un estudio de campo sobre una muestra de 180 personas de 16 a 25 años residentes en España.
Como peculiaridad del estudio cabe señalar que ha sido ejecutada por los alumnos del Grado en Análisis de Datos guiados por los tres profesores firmantes de la comunicación, a solicitud de una Fundación enfocada en la promoción del liderazgo humano, la flexibilidad y el respeto a la persona, involucrando a empresas, profesionales senior, mujeres, jóvenes, entidades sociales, medios de comunicación y administración pública.
Resultados y discusión: Se aprecia que, en general, los jóvenes españo-les cuentan con un nivel relevante de competencias en todas las compe-tencias analizadas (cognitivas, interpersonales, de liderazgo y digitales).
Las competencias menos desarrolladas son la comunicación y el conoci-miento de uno mismo, dos competencias claramente relacionadas entre ellas, puesto que ambas requieren de la inteligencia lingüística , afectada negativamente por el uso de las redes sociales y falta de hábito lector. De-rivado de lo anterior, el conocimiento de uno mismo se muestra en ser capaz de expresar lo que se siente; esto se estudia en el comportamiento de los niños , por ejemplo, que cuando sienten emociones negativas, todas las identifican como tristeza porque es el único término que conocen.
La fluidez digital es la competencia más desarrollada entre los encuesta-dos, reforzando la idea antes planteada, el uso de las redes para relacionarse y la lectura de textos muy breves, a veces sin estructura es lo que actúa en contra de esa inteligencia lingüística (una de las ocho inteligencias del modelo propuesto por Howard Gardner en la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples).
No obstante lo anterior, cabe señalar que existe una brecha en el ámbito de las competencias digitales que es consistente con otros estudios reali-zado del mismo ámbito (empresarial) y geográfico (España) que indica-ban que, según la opinión de las empresas, la mayoría de los candidatos tenían carencias en este ámbito. Puede apreciarse que la autopercepción de dichas competencias dista de lo expresado por las empresas en el ámbito laboral.
Conclusiones: El estudio ha permitido poner de manifiesto cuáles y en qué medida los jóvenes españoles disponen de las competencias necesarias para formar parte de las empresas en el futuro.Sin financiaciónSPI 2022UE