European University of the Canary Islands
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Obesity-associated non-oxidative genotoxic stress alters trophoblast turnover in human first-trimester placentas
No full textPlacental growth is most rapid during the first trimester (FT) of pregnancy, making it vulnerable to metabolic and endocrine influences. Obesity, with its inflammatory and oxidative stress, can cause cellular damage. We hypothesized that maternal obesity increases DNA damage in the FT placenta, affecting DNA damage response and trophoblast turnover. Examining placental tissue from lean and obese non-smoking women (4–12 gestational weeks), we observed higher overall DNA damage in obesity (COMET assay). Specifically, DNA double-strand breaks were found in villous cytotrophoblasts (vCTB; semi-quantitative γH2AX immunostaining), while oxidative DNA modifications (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; FPG-COMET assay) were absent. Increased DNA damage in obese FT placentas did not correlate with enhanced DNA damage sensing and repair. Indeed, obesity led to reduced expression of multiple DNA repair genes (mRNA array), which were further shown to be influenced by inflammation through in vitro experiments using tumor necrosis factor-α treatment on FT chorionic villous explants. Tissue changes included elevated vCTB apoptosis (TUNEL assay; caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18), but unchanged senescence (p16) and reduced proliferation (Ki67) of vCTB, the main driver of FT placental growth. Overall, obesity is linked to heightened non-oxidative DNA damage in FT placentas, negatively affecting trophoblast growth and potentially leading to temporary reduction in early fetal growth.Doctorate Program MOLIN (FWF, W1241 to D.H.)Austrian Science Fund 339 FWF (DOC 31-B26 to J.B.-M.)Medical University Graz through the PhD Program Inflammatory Disorders in Pregnancy (DP-iDP)Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Anniversary Fund, project number: 17950 to A.M.-M. and G.D.)3.6 Q2 JCR 20231.201 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Imaging Tests in the Diagnosis of Dysimmune Neuropathies: A Study of Three Cases
No full textSin Financiación2.6 Q1 JCR 20230.371 Q3 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Second gadolinium loading to Super-Kamiokande
No full textThe first loading of gadolinium (Gd) into Super-Kamiokande in 2020 was successful, and the neutron capture efficiency on Gd reached 50%. To further increase the Gd neutron capture efficiency to 75%, 26.1 tons of Gd2(SO4)3⋅8H2O was additionally loaded into Super-Kamiokande (SK) from May 31 to July 4, 2022. As the amount of loaded Gd2(SO4)3⋅8H2O was doubled compared to the first loading, the capacity of the powder dissolving system was doubled. We also developed new batches of gadolinium sulfate with even further reduced radioactive impurities. In addition, a more efficient screening method was devised and implemented to evaluate these new batches of Gd2(SO4)3⋅8H2O. Following the second loading, the Gd concentration in SK was measured to be 333.5 ± 2.5 ppm via an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). From the mean neutron capture time constant of neutrons from an Am/Be calibration source, the Gd concentration was independently measured to be 332.7 ± 6.8(sys.) ± 1.1(stat.) ppm, consistent with the AAS result. Furthermore, during the loading the Gd concentration was monitored continually using the capture time constant of each spallation neutron produced by cosmic-ray muons, and the final neutron capture efficiency was shown to become 1.5 times higher than that of the first loaded phase, as expected.NRF-2009-00835262018R1D1A3B070506962018R1D1A1B07049158JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP19H05807- JP260000031.5 Q2 JCR 2023; 0.514 Q2 SJR 2023; No data IDR 2023UE
The Control of Conventionality in the Inter-American Court and the European Court of Human Rights: A Brief Comparative Analysis
No full textSin FinanciaciónNo data JCR 2023No data SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Revisiting psychological reactance theory: relationship between psychological reactance and health-related attitudes/behaviors in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textDrawing from psychological reactance theory (PRT), this study sought to attain a better understanding on the extent to which psychological reactance is associated with motivation to restore freedom, as manifested in health-related attitudes/behaviors during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we focused on (1) comparing levels of psychological reactance and health-related attitudes and behaviors between Norwegian and Swedish participants, given the divergent approaches followed by these two nations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) examining whether psychological reactance to COVID-19 restrictions moderated associations between COVID-19 risk perception, trust in government, pro-sociality, and COVID-19 health-related attitudes/behaviors. Four hundred and twelve participants (Norway = 196, Sweden = 216) completed measures of psychological reactance to COVID-19 restrictions, COVID-19 risk perception, trust in government, pro-sociality, and COVID-19 health-related attitudes/behaviors (i.e. vaccination intentions, anti-vaccination attitudes, and compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs)). Participants from Norway reported higher psychological reactance to COVID-19 restrictions and anti-vaccination attitudes, and lower COVID-19 risk perception, pro-sociality, vaccination intentions, and compliance with NPIs than participants from Sweden. Moderation analyses revealed that participants showing low psychological reactance reported relatively high vaccination intentions, compliance with NPIs, and relatively low anti-vaccination attitudes, regardless of their reported levels of COVID-19 risk perception, trust in government, and pro-sociality. However, high levels of psychological reactance were not always related to the outcome variables; such association depended on the levels of COVID-19 risk perception, trust in government, and pro-sociality. These results suggest that the relationship between psychological reactance and health-related attitudes/behaviors may be more nuanced than previously believed.Sin financiación2.5 Q2 JCR 20231.001 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Teaching experience for process identification using first‐order‐plus‐time‐delay models
No full textThis paper introduces an instructional framework for process identification,
combining theoretical concepts with practical laboratory exercises, focusing
particularly on the identification of first‐order‐plus‐time‐delay models. Our
methodology emphasizes guiding students through the various stages involved in the system identification process, namely mastering techniques, such as data acquisition and preprocessing, identification and validation stages, and method comparison. The laboratory assignment is structured into three distinct stages: an initial prelab task working with simulated data, the hands-on work with laboratory equipment, and the assignment report writing and oral presentation. The assessment of students' learning outcomes is conducted using a detailed rubric. Feedback from a focus group interview indicates that the majority of students appreciated the well‐balanced content, highlighting a strong link between theoretical concepts and practical application.Sin financiación2.0 Q2 JCR 20230.715 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Evaluación e intervención de voz en pacientes con Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual: una revisión sistemática
No full textLas Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual son un conjunto de afecciones clínicas altamente infectocontagiosas siendo la cavidad bucal el lugar donde aparecen las primeras manifestaciones clínicas. Además, en el 90% de los casos, la laringe se encuentra involucrada, lo que provoca también cambios en la voz. Es por ello que el presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática con el fin de arrojar luz acerca de las alteraciones de la voz que manifiestan los pacientes con Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual respondiendo a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Qué métodos son los más utilizados para evaluar la voz de los pacientes en las diferentes Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual? ¿Cuál es la Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual que con mayor frecuencia afecta a la voz? ¿Qué tipo de tratamiento médico reciben los pacientes con Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual? ¿Qué tipo de intervención logopédica reciben los pacientes con Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual? Se seleccionaron 9 artículos de las bases de datos Pubmed, WoS y Scopus. En general, los resultados muestran que el Virus del Papiloma Humano es la Enfermedad de Transmisión Sexual que con mayor frecuencia provoca alteraciones en la voz. A pesar de que la mayoría de los estudios utiliza únicamente exploraciones instrumentales, entre los métodos más empleados para evaluar la voz destacan los análisis acústicos y las escalas de voz. Resulta llamativo que todos los pacientes reciban tratamiento médico, mientras la terapia logopédica presenta un bajo porcentaje en comparación.Sin financiaciónNo data JCR 20230.182 Q2 SJR 20230,22 C3 IDR 2023UE
Sustainable Urban Innovation: Correlations between Art, Society, and Individuals in fostering Creative Neighborhoods
No full textIntricacies unfold within the nexus of Art, Individual, and Society have profound implications on the dynamics of Sustainable Urban Development and sculpting the tableau of contemporary urban panoramas. As urban landscapes evolve into mosaics of increasing complexity and diversity, the present research aims to comprehend the interplays and impacts across these pivotal domains that emerge as imperative for crafting resilient and sustainable communities. Following a selective review of periodical and seminal publications, this research examines both quantitative and qualitative parameters gleaned from an exhaustive exploration of pertinent case studies and theorical essays. With the objective to unveil the nuanced interplay of Art that collectively molds urban environments. Special attention is directed towards unraveling patterns and correlations, with a specific lens on the genesis of Creative Neighborhoods. This study seeks to elucidate how these intertwined realms act in synergy, fostering the emergence of urban spaces that seamlessly integrate Art and Culture into the very fabric of daily existence and the intricate dynamics of community life.Sin FinanciaciónSPI 2022UE
Effect of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Health Through the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway: A Systematic Review
No full textProbiotics are living microorganisms recognized for conferring health benefits on the host by modulating the gut microbiota. They interact with various signaling pathways, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which plays a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and immune function. The activation of AhR by probiotics has been associated with benefits such as improved intestinal barrier function, reduced inflammation, and modulation of immune responses. This systematic review aims to summarize current knowledge on the signaling of AhR, mediated by probiotics in physiological conditions and gastrointestinal pathologies. We conducted a comprehensive search across databases, including PubMed and Embase, up until July 2024. Out of 163 studies screened, 18 met the inclusion criteria. Our findings revealed in healthy populations that probiotic consumption increases the production of AhR ligands promoting intestinal immune tolerance. Furthermore, in populations with gastrointestinal pathologies, probiotics ameliorated symptoms through AhR activation by Trp metabolites, leading to the upregulation of the anti-inflammatory response.Sin financiación4.7 Q1 JCR 20230.87 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Effects of a sequential square mat walking training program Fisior® on improving physical performance in older adults with Parkinson's disease: A pilot study
No full textBackground: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a 12-week functional walking training program utilizing a sequential square mat (Fisior® Mat) on the physical performance of older adults diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD).
Methods: Participants, aged over 60 and diagnosed with mild to moderate PD, underwent progressive resistance training sessions lasting 30-40 minutes, three times a week, using the Fisior® sequential square mat. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with participants from a patient association. Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze physical performance variation between intervention and control groups.
Results: Twenty-eight patients (14 in each group) participated, with improvements observed in total Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score, chair test score, gait speed score, and balance test score. Participants in the intervention group showed significant improvement in chair and balance test scores compared to controls.
Conclusion: The Fisior® sequential square mat program, as an adjunct to conventional outpatient physiotherapy, effectively enhances physical performance in older adults with PD.Sin financiación2.5 Q1 JCR 20230.784 Q2 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE