European University of the Canary Islands
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Teaching Catholic Religion in Croatian Public Schools: Legal frame and challenges
No full textThis paper explores the Croatian framework of collaboration between the state and the Catholic Church in the educational field, specifically the teaching of Catholic religion in public schools. First, the statute of the subject of religion was analyzed, following what is established in the Agreement with the Holy See and its Development Agreement with the Croatian Conference of Bishops. Some challenges to this peculiar model of cooperation were revised, mainly the ones regarding the enrollment and the co-responsibility of both ecclesiastical and state authorities in the approval and control of programs and contents. Second, the status of religion teachers was also evaluated. The same ecclesiastical and state authorities also have competence over the teaching staff, from their training to the control of their work, and must confront inconvenient situations related to the suitability of these professionals. In the study of each section and its corresponding rules and practices, it was possible to outline singular aspects, in some cases recognized—or rejected—judicially as discriminatory. This approximation to the right to religious education intends to examine the practice observed by the respective authorities in applying such provisions. The obtained findings and proposals about the singular Croatian model provide a useful contribution for comparative purposes.Sin Financiación0.7 Q* JCR 20230.368 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Recovery of phenolic compounds from citrus peel through solid phase extraction and QuEChERS as clean-up methods
No full textIntroduction
Citrus peel, one of the main byproducts of the food industry, is an important source of phenolic compounds with preventive and protective effects. The analysis of these compounds has been widely described, however, information on the purification methods of the extracts is limited.
Objective
The objective of the present study is to determine the purification method that favors the obtaining of phenolic compounds from citrus peel extracts.
Methods
Oranges (C. sinensis) and mandarins (C. reticulata) were purchased from a local supermarket (Valencia, Spain). The peels were separated manually and cut into pieces of 25 mm2. An ultrasound-assisted extraction was performed (30 min, 400 W, < 40 °C). Purification by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) was carried out using cartridges with 200 mg of C18. The QuEChERS procedure was performed using 2 ml DisQUE™ Tubes. The profile of phenolic compounds was analyzed by HPLC-UV.
Results
The major compounds in the samples were narirutin and hesperidin. Differences were determined according to both purification methods (p < 0.05). Hesperidin was higher in orange peel samples (2229 µg/g FW), while the highest amount of narirutin was obtained in tangerine peel (440 µg/g FW).
Conclusion
The sample purification methods are selective. The QuEChERS method showed a greater recovery of phenolic acids and quercetin. The content of phenolic acids was higher in mandarin peel samples.Sin Financiación1.5 Q4 JCR 20230.298 Q3 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Formulation-based cognitive behavioral therapy compared to an active control and a waitlist in adult inmates with ADHD: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
No full textBackground
Recent literature suggests that ADHD is a risk factor for the development of antisocial behavior that is more severe and persistent than in community and other psychiatric populations. The combination of stimulant medication and psychotherapy (particularly cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT) is considered an evidence-based intervention for adults with ADHD. In contrast, few studies have evaluated the efficacy of medication in adult prisoners with ADHD, and the literature on the efficacy of psychotherapy is virtually nonexistent. Therefore, this article presents the protocol of a trial that will assess the efficacy of a formulation-based CBT program for inmates with ADHD.
Methods
The study has a multicenter randomized controlled trial design. After screening and recruitment, participants will be randomly assigned to the CBT intervention, a general offender treatment program, or a waitlist. Pre- and post-treatment self-report and clinician-report assessments, as well as 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments will be conducted. These will include both clinical (e.g., ADHD symptoms, depression and anxiety symptoms, self-esteem, alcohol/drug abuse, treatment adherence, quality of life) and criminological (e.g., recidivism and risk of recidivism) measures. Linear mixed models will be used to assess differences between groups.
Discussion
This study may be the first to evaluate the efficacy of a psychotherapy intervention in adult inmates with ADHD. It is expected that addressing the specific needs of ADHD would not only result in the previously reported clinical improvements (e.g., reduction in ADHD and comorbidity symptoms), but also reduce the risk and rate of recidivism compared to the general intervention or no intervention. However, the design may be limited by the difficulties inherent in the prison setting and in following up the sample after release.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06080373. Registered on October 12, 2023.Sin Financiación2.0 Q3 JCR 20230.812 Q2 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
European guidelines on peri-operative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: first update. Introductory chapter
No full textSin Financiación4.2 Q1 JCR 20230.987 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Is there an association between sleep bruxism and obstructive sleep apnea? A case-control polysomnographic investigation
No full textObjectives: To estimate the statistical and epidemiological association between Sleep bruxism (SB) and Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on OSA severity, and to describe sleep data findings within the analyzed population.
Methods: A case-control study (N = 37) was conducted on subjects with and without OSA. All subjects underwent a full-night polysomnographic recording at the Sleep Unit (Clinical Neurophysiology Department) of San Carlos University Hospital. The diagnosis and severity of OSA were determined using ICSD-3 and AASM-2.6 scoring. The definitive SB diagnosis was obtained through a self-report test, physical examination, and PSG recordings. Variables used to study the association between both conditions included the apnea and hypopnea episodes, the Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), the number of SB episodes per night, and the bruxism index. Chi2, correlations, and ANOVA were calculated. The epidemiological association was calculated using the OR.
Results: SB showed an epidemiological association with OSA, with an OR of 0.15 (0.036-0.68), suggesting it could be considered a protective factor (p < 0.05). OSA patients presented fewer average SB episodes (6.8 ± 12.31) than non-OSA patients (25.08 ± 31.68). SB episodes correlated negatively (p < 0.05) with the AHI and the number of hypopneas (p < 0.05). The average number of SB episodes was significantly higher in patients with mild OSA compared to those with severe OSA.
Conclusions: In this sample of patients with subclinical and mild OSA, SB may act as a protective factor. However, confirmation of these results with a larger sample size is necessary.Sin financiación3.8 Q1 JCR 20231.368 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2022UE
Effects of technological running shoes versus barefoot running on the intrinsic foot muscles, ankle mobility, and dynamic control: a novel cross-sectional research
No full textBackground: Technological running shoes have become increasingly popular, leading to improvements in performance. However, their long-term effects on foot musculature and joint mobility have not been thoroughly studied.
Objective: To compare the activation of the intrinsic foot muscles between runners wearingtechnological footwear and barefoot runners. Secondary bjectives included assessing ankle dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion (ROM) and dynamic postural control in both groups.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 22 technological footwear runners and 22 barefoot runners. Ultrasonography was used to measure the thickness of the plantar fascia (PF) and the quadratus plantae (QP), abductor digiti minimus (ADM), abductor hallucis (AH), and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscles. Ankle mobility and dynamic postural control were also recorded.
Results: Ultrasonography measurements showed statistically significant differences for PF thickness (mean difference [MD]: -0.10 cm; 95 %CI: -0.13, -0.05 cm), QP cross-sectional area (CSA) (MD: -0.45 cm2; 95 %CI: -0.77, -0.12 cm2), ADM CSA (MD: -0.49 cm2; 95 %CI: -0.70, -0.17 cm2),
and FHL thickness (MD: 0.82 cm; 95 %CI: 0.53, 1.09 cm), with all measurements being lower in the group wearing technological footwear compared to the barefoot runners. Ankle DF ROM was
also significantly greater for the barefoot runners (MD: -5.1°; 95 %CI: -8.6, -1.7°). Conclusions: These findings suggest potential implications for the foot musculature and ankle mobility in runners using technological footwear.Sin financiación3.1 Q1 JCR 20231.008 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2022UE
Google Gemini’s Performance in Endodontics: A Study on Answer Precision and Reliability
No full textBackground: Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionising various scientific fields by providing advanced support tools. However, the effectiveness of these applications depends on extensive, up-to-date databases to ensure certainty and predictive power. Transparency about information sources in Medicine remains a significant issue. (2) Methods: To evaluate Google Gemini’s accuracy and reproducibility in endodontic diagnosis and treatment, 60 questions were designed based on the European Society of Endodontology Position Statements. Thirty questions were randomly selected and answered using Gemini during April 2023. Two endodontic experts independently scored the answers using a 3-point Likert scale. Discrepancies were resolved by a third expert. The relative frequency and absolute percentage of responses were detailed. Accuracy was assessed using the Wald binomial method, and repeatability was assessed using percentage agreement, Brennan and Prediger’s coefficient, Conger’s generalised kappa, Fleiss’ kappa, Gwet’s AC, and Krippendorff’s alpha, all with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA software. (3) Results: A total of 900 answers were generated. The percentage of correct answers varied from 0% to 100% per question. Overall accuracy was 37.11% with a 95% confidence interval of 34.02–40.32%; (4) Conclusions: Gemini is not currently designed for medical use and therefore needs to be used with caution when considered for this purpose.Sin Financiación2.5 Q2 JCR 20230.508 Q2 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Programación interanual integrada de las asignaturas de proyectos arquitectónicos según relaciones transversales y longitudinales basadas en el cuádruple condicionamiento evolutivo
No full textEl programa docente de Proyectos Arquitectónicos en la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad Europea de
Canarias está integrado desde 2º hasta 6º curso, y se estructura mediante una metodología progresiva que
aborda la enseñanza del diseño arquitectónico desde una perspectiva integral. A lo largo de los cursos, los
estudiantes exploran diversas escalas y tipologías arquitectónicas, comenzando con proyectos de pequeña
escala en el segundo año, como refugios de montaña y viviendas unifamiliares, hasta intervenciones urbanas
complejas y edificios institucionales en el sexto año. Esta evolución permite a los estudiantes adquirir un
dominio exhaustivo de la disciplina, adaptándose a los diferentes contextos urbanos y programas
arquitectónicos. El enfoque pedagógico se basa en cuatro condiciones fundamentales: la escala, la
complejidad programática, la intensidad urbana y la tecnología. Los estudiantes desarrollan proyectos que
integran estos aspectos, abordando la relación entre diseño arquitectónico y normativa urbanística. Se
promueve el uso de herramientas digitales avanzadas y técnicas sostenibles, lo que fortalece sus competencias
para enfrentar los desafíos profesionales. El resultado es una preparación sólida que asegura que los
estudiantes comprendan profundamente la interacción entre arquitectura, entorno y sociedad. La metodología,
aplicada con éxito en los cursos 2021-22 y 2022-23, ha mejorado notablemente la percepción estudiantil de su
seguridad personal y la evaluación de proyectos finales. Esto demuestra que los egresados están capacitados
para desempeñarse con eficacia en el ámbito profesional, gestionando proyectos de diversas escalas y
complejidades con seguridad pre-profesional.Architectural Design teaching program at the School of Architecture of the European University of the Canary
Islands is integrated from the 2nd to the 6th year and is structured through a progressive methodology that
approaches the teaching of architectural design from a comprehensive perspective. Throughout the courses,
students explore various architectural scales and typologies, starting with small-scale projects in the second
year, such as mountain refuges and single-family homes, up to complex urban interventions and institutional
buildings in the sixth year. This progression allows students to gain an in-depth understanding of the discipline,
adapting to different urban contexts and architectural programs. Our pedagogical approach is based on four
fundamental conditions: scale, programmatic complexity, urban intensity, and technology. Students develop
projects that integrate these aspects, addressing the relationship between architectural design and urban
planning regulations. The use of advanced digital tools and sustainable techniques is promoted, which
strengthens their competencies to face professional challenges. The result is a solid preparation that ensures
students deeply understand the interaction between architecture, environment, and society. The methodology,
successfully applied during the 2021-22 and 2022-23 academic years, has significantly improved students'
perception of their personal confidence and the evaluation of final projects. This demonstrates that graduates
are well-equipped to perform effectively in the professional field, managing projects of various scales and
complexities with pre-professional confidence.Sin FinanciaciónNo data JCR 2023No data SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE
Aproximaciones a la docencia de la ética aplicada en la inteligencia artificial
No full textEl uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) ha crecido exponencialmente en todos los sectores, incluida la educación superior. Este crecimiento plantea la urgente necesidad de abordar las implicaciones éticas de su desarrollo y uso. Las instituciones de educación superior enfrentan el reto de formar en estas tecnologías, considerando su impacto en la enseñanza y aprendizaje, subrayando la necesidad de un marco integral que incluya la ética aplicada en los currículos de IA.
Para identificar universidades españolas con cursos de ética en IA, se realizó una búsqueda en el Registro de Universidades, Centros y Títulos (RUCT). Se analizaron los planes de estudio de grados en IA, Data Science e Ingeniería Matemática. Se seleccionaron instituciones que mencionan asignaturas relacionadas con aspectos sociales y éticos en sus planes de estudio, aplicables a diferentes titulaciones.
Los resultados apuntan a una diversidad de iniciativas en universidades españolas, que varían en alcance y enfoque. Se plantea una clasificación basada en tres criterios: objetivo, enfoque y contenido.
La integración de la ética aplicada en la enseñanza de la IA es indispensable para preparar a los futuros profesionales para los desafíos morales y sociales asociados. Este trabajo subraya la importancia de integrar la ética en los currículos universitarios para formar profesionales capaces de enfrentar los desafíos éticos de los sistemas de IA.Sin financiaciónSPI 2022UE
Spatially distinct epithelial and mesenchymal cell subsets along progressive lineage restriction in the branching embryonic mammary gland
No full textHow cells coordinate morphogenetic cues and fate specification during development remains a fundamental question in organogenesis. The mammary gland arises from multipotent stem cells (MaSCs), which are progressively replaced by unipotent progenitors by birth. However, the lack of specific markers for early fate specification has prevented the delineation of the features and spatial localization of MaSC-derived lineage-committed progenitors. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing from E13.5 to birth, we produced an atlas of matched mouse mammary epithelium and mesenchyme and reconstructed the differentiation trajectories of MaSCs toward basal and luminal fate. We show that murine MaSCs exhibit lineage commitment just prior to the first sprouting events of mammary branching morphogenesis at E15.5. We identify early molecular markers for committed and multipotent MaSCs and define their spatial distribution within the developing tissue. Furthermore, we show that the mammary embryonic mesenchyme is composed of two spatially restricted cell populations, and that dermal mesenchyme-produced FGF10 is essential for embryonic mammary branching morphogenesis. Altogether, our data elucidate the spatiotemporal signals underlying lineage specification of multipotent MaSCs, and uncover the signals from mesenchymal cells that guide mammary branching morphogenesis.Université de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL): C19-64-2019-228Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR): ANR-15-CE13-0013-01, ANR-21-CE13-0047, Labex Deep 11-LBX-0044, ANR-10-INBS-04Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM): EQU201903007821, SPF202309017673, 12917Fondation Schlumberger pour l'Education et la Recherche (FSER): FSER20200211117Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC): ARCPGA2021120004232_4874EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (H2020): 666003Academy of Medical Sciences (The Academy of Medical Sciences): SBF003/1170Wellcome Trust (WT): 204813/Z/16/Z9.4 Q1 JCR 20235.489 Q1 SJR 2023No data IDR 2023UE