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Why do languages tolerate heterography? An experimental investigation into the emergence of informative orthography
Get PDFFactors affecting the foliar endophyte community in the invasive weed, Impatiens glandulifera
Get PDFAll vascular plants contain communities of endophyte fungi within their foliar tissues. These fungi can act as plant bodyguards and disrupt the efficacy of weed biological control agents, yet studies of invasive plant biology hardly ever consider the background endophyte communities. Here, we investigated the factors that affect the structure of cultivable endophyte communities in the highly invasive weed Impatiens glandulifera. We found that community composition varies according to location, but that seasonal accumulation patterns of endophytes are similar between sites. Biotic factors influencing endophytes include arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, insect herbivores and plant pathogens. Endophyte species richness per plant was consistently low compared with other herbaceous plants and communities appear to be a random sub-set of the available species pool, with the plant acting as a strong filter of species. This information should enable community structure to be modelled and manipulated, making biological control of this weed more effectiv
Healthcare governance in prisons in England:prisoners’ experiences of changes over time
Get PDFAccording to international law, prisoners should have access to healthcare on an equivalent basis to the rest of the population, and the UK Government has stated its commitment to such equivalence. Healthcare provision in English prisons has seen several reorganisations, notably in 2006 and 2013, with the stated intentions of improving healthcare provision in prisons. This article focuses on prisoners’ reported experiences over the periods of changes in healthcare governance, with the aim of identifying whether there are improvements from their perspectives. Survey data from a sample of prisoners has been collected by HM Inspectorate of Prisons for over 20 years, and these data have been used for secondary analysis of prisoners’ health needs and experiences of healthcare in English prisons. Despite the reorganisations of healthcare governance, the trends from 2003 to 2019 are of increasing health needs of prisoners and decreasing initial access, ongoing access, and quality of healthcare provision. There is little indication of any improvements experienced by prisoners from the 2006 or 2013 reorganisations. Prisoners are widely recognised as having distinct healthcare needs, but the data analysis reveals demographic differences in health needs and health access within the prison population, and an overall decline in quality and accessibility of healthcare provision in English prisons
Kenya-UK-LMIC Partnership:on Leveraging Fish Genetics and Genomics to Enhance Food Hygiene and Reduce Antibiotic Resistance Spread Through Fish Consumption
Get PDFThis report records the activities undertaken and lessons identified by the University of Eldoret, Kenya and Royal Holloway University of London, UK, during a networking partnership funded by a grant awarded by the Academy of Medical Sciences and Grand Challenges Research Fund (GCRFNG8/118). Activities described in this report took place between April 2023 and March 2024.In the report, we highlight a series of challenges that prevent Global South partners who do not already have long-standing partnerships with Global North institutions from taking full advantage of UKRI and other sources of Global North funding available for networking and partnership grants.We hope this report opens a dialogue that will begin to address the vicious cycle in which under-resourced and under-equipped Global South institutions cannot access research funding without prior evidence of robust research activity but cannot undertake research activity without funding
'A language we understand':Students’ perceptions of emojis, memes and gifs in higher education teaching.
Get PDFEmojis, memes and gifs are visual representations of emotions, concepts and pop culture references, and are being increasingly used within higher education teaching. Although positive perceptions have been found when using these with children, an understanding of higher education students’ perceptions around lecturer’s emoji, meme and gif use remains unknown. To explore this, we thematically analysed ten one-to-one semi-structured interviews conducted with higher education university students (Mage= 20.6 years, SD= 1.06; 8 female) based at UK institutions. Key themes of communication and learner experience arose from the data. Students identified emojis, memes and gifs as positive in fostering personability of the lecturer, as well as aiding attention and understanding of learning content. Although, students did recognise that over-disclosure and distraction were negative outcomes of using emojis, memes and gifs. These findings are important in adding to the pedagogical debate around the use of visual stimuli and digital communication within higher education teaching
Unlocking Viewer Insights in Linear Television:A Machine Learning Approach
Get PDFAmidst the digital transformation, traditional linear TV faces major challenges, including fragmented viewership, fixed schedule, and inaccurate targeting.Therefore, this paper proposes a novel Machine Learning framework to understand the audience's demographics from their viewing behaviour. By employing state-of-the-art classification models on an extensive TV first-party dataset, we achieved an average 88.6% accuracy in correctly identifying each household demographics.Our result offers promising outcomes for refining strategies within linear TV to improve viewer engagement, content programming, and market insights
The Life of Books in Tristram Shandy
Get PDFThe transmigration of The Shandean from print to digital form provides an occasion for a reflection on the life of books in Tristram Shandy. Sterne is very alive to the physical properties of books, both in the way books are handled within Tristram Shandy and in his own treatment of his text. Thing Theory and the New Materialism provide a way for thinking about how books are treated as things and objects in Tristram Shandy. These methodologies draw attention to ways in which we might experience ‘things’ as intransigent and resistant to our desires, or ‘objects’ which are entailed in our subjectivity, or as ‘quasi-objects’ – items which might be of our creation but which we might experience as outside our control. In this article I argue that these terms do not adequately account for the variety of ways in which books come to life in Sterne’s hands. For one thing, when his characters read or even physically handle books, it is as if they are communing directly with their authors. For another, intradiegetic books are not real books; they do not behave like things/objects or quasi-objects in the world of the reader
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