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A trustworthy multiparty authentication architecture for IIoT leveraging IOTA integration
Full text linkThe rapid adoption of developing technologies, particularly the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), has raised significant security and privacy concerns. IIoT seeks to enhance industrial operations through the integration of specialised devices, primarily sensors, within the industrial environment. These sensors continuously monitor multiple processes while providing essential data to maintain proper functionality. However, safeguarding IIoT systems is especially complex because of the variety of devices, makers, and networks; the need for collaboration across several security domains; and the constraints of resource- constrained devices. Conventional security systems struggle to adapt, especially when users and services interact dynamically across several IoT networks. To address these issues, this research introduces a novel multi-party authentication architecture that enables secure and dynamic communication among participants from different security groups. The design enables the secure exchange of shared secrets for session authentication while protecting security credentials during resource access. One significant advance is the integration of IOTA distributed ledger technology (DLT) alongside IoT systems to enable multi-party authentication. Specifically, the IOTA Streams protocol is used to enable structured, secure, and scalable data sharing while maintaining data integrity, privacy, and authenticated access. The NuSMV model checker is employed to verify the effectiveness as well as security of the proposed authentication approach. It ensures fulfilment of security requirements and operational functionality
Zooming in on the process-product nexus of meaning-related revisions: a micro-analytic approach to keystroke logging data
Full text linkWhile many writing studies to date show that higher-proficiency and lower-proficiency L2 writers have distinct writing behaviours, there is relatively little research into meaning-related revisions – changes which influence the meaning of the text as compared to surface-level changes related to grammar or format, and whether and how such revisions make a text-level impact. Taking a micro-analytic approach, the current study examined the real-time revision behaviours of six adolescent L1 and six adolescent L2 English writers, as captured by a keystroke logging programme. The analysis compared measures of revision behaviours and the context (i.e., location) and orientation (i.e., focus) of the meaningrelated revisions between the two groups, and examined qualitatively the specific ways the revisions do or do not contribute to enhancing the evolving text. Findings revealed that the L2 writers focused more on local-level revisions while the L1 writers’ revisions more often had a text-level impact (e.g., coherence, argumentation). Based on the findings, we discuss the value of examining the textual impact of meaning-related revisions using keystroke logging data for diagnostic feedback, and make recommendations for teaching and feedback activities in the L2 writing classroom
What makes a duck a duck? : a LEGO® Serious Play® exercise demonstrating the contradictions in managing diversity, equity and inclusion
Full text linkThis exercise aims to problematize the often taken-for-granted assumption that identity is fixed and immutable. To facilitate this, we have adapted a warm-up exercise from the LEGO ®Serious Play ®Methodology: the construction of LEGO ®ducks. The exercise can be used with students at all levels. Using a sequence of duck-building activities, it facilitates experiential learning to increase understanding of the contradictions inherent in notions of identity—a helpful first step toward exploring the complexities of diversity, equity, and inclusion.</p
Promoting China’s green economy – policies and actions
No full textChina, like the rest of the world, is at yet another pivotal point in its history. While pursuing a number of laudable policies to develop green economy, it is nevertheless subject to much uncertainty and many geopolitical risks. China has accumulated some experience in practice, not just for the rest of Asia but for the world as a whole
Collaborating with schools for public health research in England: lessons learned for successful partnerships
Full text linkCarrying out health research with schools can be both challenging and highly rewarding. Here we describe lessons learned from a research partnership lasting over 5 years, initially with 84 primary schools in London and Luton, and extended to 35 secondary schools, during our children health cohort study. This period included school closures and societal disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic, creating additional challenges to ongoing school participation. Our study involved annual health assessment visits to schools to test over 3000 participants and parental self-report questionnaires, to assess the potential benefits of air quality improvements arising from London Ultra Low Emission Zone (introduced in April 2019) on children’s lung development and health. Measures included height, weight, pre- and post- bronchodilator spirometry, physical activity monitoring, cognitive assessment, epigenetic markers of disease risk, SARS-CoV-2 IgE and IgM antibody testing, and heavy metals testing. The average annual participant attrition for our study was 11.6%. The acceptable threshold outlined in the initial protocol was 20%. All schools continued to participate in the study for 5 years. Central to the study success have been: shared agreement on the importance of the research topic; early preparatory work with stakeholders, a parallel engaging and innovative air pollution learning and outreach programme, incentivising school/teacher co-operation and parental questionnaire completion to boost response rates and mitigate non-response bias; and continuity of contact with the accessible and flexible research team. These successes form a template for other health research studies planning long-term engagement with schools
Digital mentoring at three levels in industry 5.0
No full textThis chapter focuses on the effectiveness of digital mentoring in the UK manufacturing sector and its implications towards the clients, the groups, and the organizations heading towards Industry 5.0. Focusing on the case studies of Rolls-Royce, Siemens Mobility, BAE Systems, GKN Automotive, and Jaguar Land Rover, the chapter explores how digital mentoring develops technical competence, encourages creativity, and overcomes a skill shortage. The chapter shows that digital mentoring helps enhance productivity, the quality of outputs, and market sensitivity, while espousing a culture of talent development and flexibility. The chapter thus supports the concept of digital mentoring as a viable tool for sustaining the competitive advantage and for establishing sustainable growth in the changing industrial environment
Integration of AI and Cloud Computing
No full textCloud technology has led to a major growth in business cooperation. Each of the procedures has been improved by the use of AI. An organisation can benefit from excellent data security and low maintenance costs with a cloud computing solution the success of cloud services techniques is significantly influenced by the application of artificial intelligence in particular industries. As a result, the combined effect of these two developments increases the prosperity of certain firms. Public clouds function better when smart devices and computer vision models are used. It has also shown how businesses may gain from integrating AI into public cloud plans in several ways. This research provides insight into the advantages and challenges of combining artificial intelligence with cloud computing
Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) in Zara
No full textThe fashion industry majorly influenced by Fast fashion (FF) is characterised by high market volatility, low predictability and high impulse purchase (Wang, 2017). This is due to mass production, rapid change in fashion seasons and changes in the structural aspects of the supply chain. Various external competitive forces (Porter, 1980; Gerard and Bruijl, 2019) affect the strategic advantage of any company within the industry with regards to profit and cost. This report addresses the Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) system in Zara fashion. Analysis of the benefits of QRM were made with the use of Strategic Information System as an enabler. Zara’s competitive advantage in relation to costs and risks were identified and recommendations on how to mitigate the identified risks (as they cannot be completely eradicated) were made. These recommendations include considerations for strategic customers, considerations for cultural differences and sustainability related changes
From pastoral to industrial agriculture: global food chains and the drivers of climate change
No full textMankind has long reshaped nature to favour crops and livestock. Starting in the mid-twentieth century, the introduction of mechanisation and chemical fertilisers led to the rapid industrialisation of the agricultural sector, the creation of large-scale monocultures, and intensive animal farming and grazing, which together delivered enormous productivity improvements. However, large-scale land clearances lessened the carbon capture, increasing vulnerabilities to erosion and flooding and degrading water systems. In 2022, the food chain was the largest contributor after industry to greenhouse emissions. Food’s role in national identity and culture, food security, and issues including genetic modification, ultra-processed foods, globalisation, and employment had become highly politicised. Seed, fertiliser, and grain markets and retailers, all of whom drove activities in the food chain, had become increasingly concentrated oligopolies, capable of influencing agricultural practices and climate policies. This chapter provides a historical overview of the development of the agro-business sector, highlighting how entrepreneurs, policymakers, and business leaders in New Zealand attempted to “green” the food chain in the 1980s and 1990s, and also the obstacles they encountered
The role of artificial intelligence in sustainable tourism
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that focuses on developing algorithms and techniques. The help of AI has enabled the tasks that are typically done by humans, such as learning, reasoning, and understanding, to be completed by machines. AI plays a vital role in promoting eco-friendly destinations and advancing regenerative tourism. It can be helpful in different aspects, such as improving resource efficiency, minimising environmental impacts, and enriching sustainable travel experiences. As a result, it is restructuring the tourism sector by enhancing customer experiences, streamlining operations and delivering personalised services. On the other hand, sustainable development seeks to address current needs without deterring future generations’ ability to meet their own, encompassing environmental, economic, and social dimensions (Sivaraman et al., 2024). Innovative strategies are required for resource management in reducing carbon emissions and ensuring ecosystem sustainability since natural resources decrease, and the effects of climate change are exaggerated (Kamil et al., 2021). Artificial Intelligence is essential in this context because it offers tools and techniques to optimise resource usage, improve efficiency, and enable data-driven decision-making (Thamrin et al., 2021). This chapter provides an overview of the extent to which artificial intelligence embraces regenerative tourism and green destinations such as Costa Rica and New Zealand. It will explore prospects for tourism operations to become more efficient when AI is used for energy management, waste reduction, transportation optimisation, and resource management. Natural resources may be conserved while minimising the impact of tourism
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