179566 research outputs found
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Practice and communication in elite track and field competitions: Investigation of real-world coach–athlete interaction
No full textIn recent years, there has been a push for applied research that explores the nuances and complexities of real-world sporting contexts. One such nuance involves sports like track and field and swimming, where coaches and athletes regularly communicate during intermittent breaks in performance. Although research has explored athlete and coach perspectives on communication previously, the extant literature has not typically included actual coach-athlete pairs, especially in authentic environments. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate the purpose, delivery, and basis of communication by coaches and athletes in real-world competitive settings. This aim was achieved through a multiple-methods approach drawing upon both real-world, elite coach–athlete interactions (via in-competition recordings) and semi-structured interviews. Participants included five elite coach–athlete pairs with experience in major international athletics championships. Results indicated that coaches and athletes use communication contextually to convey important action and psycho-emotional information. The findings further indicated, however, that the basis of communication was often implicit and organic with limited guidance provided through coach education. Going forward, there appears scope for researchers to better account for the psycho-emotional aspects of communication and for governing bodies to consider communication provision within coaching pathways. This dataset is held in the Edinburgh DataVault, directly accessible only to authorised University of Edinburgh staff. External users may request access to a copy of the data by contacting the Principal Investigator, Contact Person or Data Manager named on this page. Requests for access will not necessarily be granted due to elite sample of coaches and athletes participating in this research. University of Edinburgh users who wish to have direct access should consult the information about retrieving data from the DataVault at: https://www.ed.ac.uk/is/research-support/datavault
OTX2 controls chromatin accessibility to direct somatic versus germline differentiation [ATAC-Seq]
No full textThe choice between somatic and germline fates is essential for species survival. This choice occurs in embryonic epiblast cells, as these cells are competent for both somatic and germline differentiation. Transcription factors (TFs) play a central role in this process by binding to specific chromatin loci to modulate gene expression and determine cell identity. The TF OTX2 regulates the choice between somatic and germline fates, as Otx2-null epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs) form primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) with enhanced efficiency. However, the mechanisms by which OTX2 achieves this function are not fully characterized. Here we show that OTX2 controls chromatin accessibility to enable somatic differentiation. By performing CUT&RUN for OTX2 and ATAC-seq in wild-type and Otx2-null embryonic stem cells and EpiLCs, we identified regions where OTX2 binding opens chromatin. Enforced OTX2 expression maintains accessibility at these regions and induces opening of 4,000 additional somatic-associated regions in the presence of PGC-inducing cytokines. Once cells have acquired germline identity, the 4,000 additional somatic associated regions do not respond to OTX2 and remain closed. Our results indicate that OTX2 works in cells with dual competence for both somatic and germline differentiation to increase accessibility of somatic regulatory regions and induce the somatic fate at the expense of the germline.Barbieri E, Chambers I. (2025). OTX2 controls chromatin accessibility to direct somatic versus germline differentiation [ATAC-Seq] [Data set]. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE28929
Habitable area model output for green and red snow algae on the Antarctic peninsula with current and future climatic conditions, 2021 and 2100
No full textThis dataset comprises raster model outputs from a Bayesian additive regression tree model predicting habitable area for snow algae on the Antarctic Peninsula. The dataset shows the likelihood that snow is habitable for snow algae growth and is presented for red snow algae (RSA) and green snow algae (GSA) for 2021 climatic conditions as well as for predicted 2100 climate conditions under the RCP8.5 warming scenario. The purpose of this model was to predict the potential coverage of snow algae under different temperatures, as well as to explore the climatic and environmental factors influencing their distribution. This work was carried out by researchers as part of the NERC-funded research project NE/V000764/1 investigating the historical, present and future snow algae distribution in Antarctica.Gray, A., Davey, M., Thomson, A., Colesie, C., Convey, P., Fretwell, P., & Peck, L. (2024). Habitable area model output for green and red snow algae on the Antarctic peninsula with current and future climatic conditions, 2021 and 2100 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/3c636579-0389-4ba1-bf3d-d53f3289207
ENIGMA HALFpipe task-based functional MRI STRADL Project
No full text## Access ## This dataset is held in the Edinburgh DataVault, directly accessible only to authorised University of Edinburgh staff. External users may request access to a copy of the data by contacting the Principal Investigator, Contact Person or Data Manager named on this page. University of Edinburgh users who wish to have direct access should consult the information about retrieving data from the DataVault at: https://www.ed.ac.uk/is/research-support/datavault.This data is GWAS summary statistics for chromosomes 1-22 for the ENIGMA HALFpipe task-based functional MRI STRADL project. To calculate them, we first fit a null hypothesis for each phenotype and chromosome to estimate the mixed effects variance components. We then used these values to calculate a score statistic for each genotype and phenotype as per [Chen and Abecasis (2007)](https://doi.org/bwb2vv). These score statistics are what are being used to perform meta-analysis using [RAREMETAL](https://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/RAREMETAL_Documentation). The ramp-latest.sif container and built-in score command were used (in EDDIE) to calculate the summary statistics. This project is led by Lea Waller from Charité, Berlin as part of her PhD. Introduction to the project: Functional MRI during the performance of cognitive tasks is widely used to study the neurobiological basis of behavior, cognition, and emotion. Previous studies disagree on whether statistics derived from task-based fMRI are heritable – estimates range from approximately five percent (Smith et al. 2021) to more than forty percent (Blokland et al. 2011; Dickie et al. 2014). One explanation for this discrepancy is the different analytic choices made by researchers. We chose three domains of cognitive tasks that have been widely used in imaging genetics studies of task-based fMRI for inclusion in the study. These are emotional face viewing and emotion identification tasks that involve the presentation of faces displaying negative emotions, working memory tasks such as N-back or Sternberg paradigm, and reward tasks including Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) and card guessing paradigms. MID tasks measure both the neural correlates of reward anticipation, and those of experiencing the reward outcome of that anticipation. Card guessing paradigms only capture the latter. This site used an implicit emotional processing task (fearful-faces) and a reward-based task which were performed by participants as part of the STratifying Resilience and Depression Longitudinally (STRADL) Study - A depression-focused investigation of Generation Scotland, using detailed clinical, cognitive, and neuroimaging assessments (https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articl! es/4-185/v2). Methods for the project: We invited researchers with access to relevant data to contribute through the ENIGMA consortium mailing list, the consortium website, and public postings on social media. Researchers received an imaging analysis manual to process their data from scratch using HALFpipe (Waller et al. 2022), which is based on fMRIPrep (Esteban et al. 2020), and then estimate task contrasts on the individual level data. Sites then calculated genome-wide associations on the resulting z-statistics for regions derived from multiple brain atlases. This step was performed using RAMP (Waller et al. 2024), which is based on RAREMETALWORKER (Feng et al. 2014). Sites were combined in a fixed-effects meta-analysis using METAL (Willer, Li, and Abecasis 2010). We then calculated the SNP-based heritability from the meta-analysis results for each brain region using HDL (Ning, Pawitan, and Shen 2020). We thresholded heritability estimates at p(FDR) <.05
Database of cervid tissue samples for genetic studies
No full textTissue samples representative of wild populations of roe and red deer in France and Germany were obtained with collaboration from stakeholders (e.g. hunting associations). Additional samples from other species (e.g. sika deer, fallow deer, moose) and other countries were also obtained. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues and used to analyse sequence variation in the PRNP gene, to estimate genetic susceptibility of surveyed species/populations to the prion disease, chronic wasting disease (CWD). This dataset records tissue/DNA samples collected for this project, along with information about species, sex, location of sampled animals, with the aim of making the samples available on request to other scientists for further research. This research was made possible by funding from ICRAD, an ERA-NET co-funded under European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-2020_en), under Grant Agreement n°862605
Bridging-induced phase separation and loop extrusion drive noise in chromatin transcription
No full textCell-to-cell heterogeneity in transcription, or transcriptional noise, is important in cellular development and in disease. The molecular mechanisms driving it are, however, elusive and ill-understood. Here, we use computer simulations to explore the role of 3D chromatin structure in driving transcriptional noise. We study a simple polymer model where proteins – modeling complexes of transcription factors and polymerases – bind multivalently to transcription units – modeling regulatory elements such as promoters and enhancers. We also include cohesin-like factors which extrude chromatin loops that are important for the physiological folding of chromosomes. We find that transcription factor binding creates spatiotemporal patterning and a highly variable correlation time in transcriptional dynamics, which is linked to the cell-to-cell variation in gene expression. Loop extrusion also contributes to noise, as the stochastic nature of this process leads to different networks of cohesin loops in different cells in our simulations. Our results could be tested with single-cell experiments and provide a pathway to understanding the principles underlying transcriptional plasticity in vivo. This dataset contains the simulation code and supplemental simulation movies of the associated paper
Dataset: Coexistence of trees, shrubs and grasses creates a complex pic-ture of land surface phenology in tropical dry ecosystems
No full textData files and R script used to analyse vegetation phenology from digital cameras (phenocam) and satellite data across four seasonal dry tropical vegetation sites in Brazil. The use of digital cameras to monitor vegetation phenology (phenocams) has become increasingly common as a means of ground-truthing estimates of land surface phenology from Earth observation data. Whilst the relationship between phenocam and Earth Observation-derived indices of land surface phenology has been examined across many temperate land cover types, our understanding of these relationships across the seasonally dry tropics is limited. Here we examined phenological time-series derived from coarse-scale MODIS and fine-scale phenocam data across four seasonally dry tropical sites in Brazil, to determine their correlation, as well as how phenological metrics derived from these time series differed. While MODIS-derived vegetation indices showed seasonal patterns, we found a poor correlation with vegetation indices from phenocams at sites with a high proportion of evergreen vegetation and a poor correlation of MODIS indices with specific vegetation components. The high spatial and temporal resolution of phenocams allowed us to demonstrate differences in phenological metrics among different components of the vegetation which were obscured in the coarser MODIS data. This study highlights the potential of phenocam data to improve our understanding of complex vegetation leaf phenology and its drivers within mixed tree-shrub-grass systems in the seasonally dry tropics. This could help improve the representation of the savanna, grass, and shrubland biomes within terrestrial biosphere models, and lead to better predictions of the impact of climate change on carbon dynamics via shifting vegetation phenology.Koolen, S. P., Godlee, J., Alberton, B., Ramos, D., Moura, M. S. B. de ., Cerdeira Morellato, L. P., & Dexter, K. (2025). Dataset: Coexistence of trees, shrubs and grasses creates a complex pic-ture of land surface phenology in tropical dry ecosystems [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1561637
A Crack in the Bark: Leveraging Public Knowledge to Remove Tree-Ring Watermarks
No full textOpen Source Implementation of attacks shown in `A Crack in the Bark: Leveraging Public Knowledge to Remove Tree-Ring Watermarks`. Consult the README for more information on its usage.Lin, J., & Juarez, M. (2025). A Crack in the Bark: Leveraging Public Knowledge to Remove Tree-Ring Watermarks. 34th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Sec' 25), Seattle. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1559572
Terminus Positions of the Koge Bugt North, Koge Bugt Central and Koge Bugt South Glaciers 2022-2024
No full textThe dataset consists of three shapefiles containing terminus positions of the Koge Bugt North, Koge Bugt Central, and Koge Bugt South glaciers respectively, between 2022-2023. The terminus positions were manually digitised using either Landsat-8 or Landsat-9 imagery, downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/). If suitable optical imagery was unavailable, MEaSUREs Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mosaics were employed, downloaded from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC; Joughin, 2021). The dataset comprises 71 terminus positions in total, each digitised from imagery collected between 2022-01-11 and 2023-12-08. Hannah Picton acknowledges funding from the E4 DTP (Edinburgh Earth, Ecology and Environment Doctoral Training Partnership), NE/S007407/1.Picton, H. (2025). Terminus Positions of the Koge Bugt North, Koge Bugt Central and Koge Bugt South Glaciers 2022-2024 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/7453aea4-5798-4778-96e3-97b5281ae09
HTO-based Countries Knowledge Graph
No full textThis knowledge graph contains names and geo information (central coordinates, boundaries) of 252 countries. It is constructed based on the Heritage Textual Ontology model. The geo information are obtained from the Geonames free gazetteer data.Yu, L., & Filgueira, R. (2025). HTO-based Countries Knowledge Graph [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1536110
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