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Voice quality and tone as independent dimensions of contrast in Dinka
Get PDFLanguages with independently contrastive Voice Quality and Tone are rare, and the evidence base on them is limited. As a result, key hypotheses on how their phonetic realizations interact with one another and with the vowel system remain tentative. Against the background of this evidence base, it is worthwhile to conduct a production study in which Voice Quality, Tone, and Vowel Quality are orthogonally crossed. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive acoustic study on this configuration in Dinka (Nilo-Saharan, South Sudan). The study is based on 29 four-member minimal sets for Voice Quality (Modal vs. Breathy) and Tone (Low vs. High), across all seven of the Dinka vowels (/i, e, ɛ, a, ɔ, o, u/). These materials were elicited from eight speakers of the Bor South variety of Dinka. The results indicate that Voice Quality, Tone, and Vowel Quality each have their own primary correlate: phonation, F0, and formants, respectively. In addition, each distinction influences other phonetic parameters to a lesser extent. Importantly, the Voice Quality contrast is realized saliently on vowels in Low- and-High-toned syllables alike, and across the vocalic domain.<br/
An economic history of the Land and Agricultural Bank of Southern Rhodesia, 1924-1963
No full textThis paper explores the economic history of the Land and Agricultural Bank of Southern Rhodesia from its establishment in 1924 to the end of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland in 1963. Drawing on a rich selection of archival material, including government correspondence, the bank’s annual reports, correspondence, constitutions and amendments, and newspapers, the paper demonstrates how the bank became a useful tool to promote settler hegemony in Southern Rhodesia. It achieved this by financing settler agriculture and any other demands from settler farmers and the settler community, ahead of the demands of African farmers and the broader African community, to ensure that white supremacy prevailed. The bank, therefore, became an instrument of colonial rule in the colony, ensuring that white farmers stayed on the land even during difficult times such as the Great Depression, the Second World War, the post-1947 drought period and throughout the Federal period, where it retained its focus on Southern Rhodesia’s white settlers. Throughout its entire existence, the bank operated on a racial basis, only advancing limited loans to a few African farmers in Native Purchase Areas after 1930 for political reasons
Recognition and imbalances of power:Honour relations and slaves’ claims vis-à-vis their masters
Get PDFRestorative justice, refugees and criminal harm in places of asylum
Get PDFPeople who have had to flee their homes and seek asylum are often vulnerable and experience harm and trauma. Restorative justice offers a way of addressing the criminal harm that people of a refugee background may experience in places of asylum, and yet there is very little literature or visible practice on this topic. This article presents an exploratory study to address this issue, reviewing existing literature and presenting an analysis of interviews with restorative justice practitioners, representatives from organisations supporting refugees and asylum seekers, and people of a refugee background. Findings suggest restorative justice is a potentially beneficial response to address harms experienced by people of a refugee background, as it can be responsive to trauma, facilitate understanding and connection, and address racism and antagonism. Barriers and challenges for restorative justice in this context include language, communication, interpretation, mistrust, insecure immigration status, the impact of trauma, and access to basic resources. Cultural difference ought to be taken into consideration, but was not considered to be a barrier to engagement in restorative justice. The potential for restorative justice to address the structural issues that impact on people of a refugee background requires further exploration
Governance shapers? The Big Four, international organizations and the EU
Get PDFThe influence of the Big Four upon law-making and public governance in the EU and the UN through multiple channels as well as their role as a regulatory intermediary can be demonstrated through publicly available data. However, genuine empirical research is necessary for assessing the exact scope, impact and reliance on external consultancy and services more closely. The publicly accessible data are insufficient
Design of variable-radius kinematic metastructures for the control of belt drive transmission ratios
Get PDFThis paper seeks to address a gap in technology in belt pulley systems by applying kinematic metastructures (Hoberman rings) to develop mechanisms for variable transmission. Here, we describe a design process to enable antagonistic expansion and contraction in dual Hoberman ring belt pulleys. Our design process considers the complex aspects of geometry, component-size, tolerances and wireless motoric actuation
A dialogical approach for intercultural communication education
No full textThis conceptual paper argues for the reconfiguring of Intercultural Communication (ICE) through a dialogical approach. The paper argues that the field of ICE is predominantly characterised by normative conceptualisations of knowledge which function as truth (e.g., characterised by fixed or ‘objective’ interpretations of language and culture) or hyper-relativist post-truth conceptualisations (e.g., non-essentialist approaches to ICE). This conceptual paper, therefore, addresses the following research question: To what extent can a dialogical approach address and redress epistemic power imbalances in ICE? The paper conceptually argues in moving beyond the binary of normative and post-truth interpretations in ICE through dialogism. The paper serves at an important juncture amidst calls that the field of ICE is characterised by epistemic violence and epistemic power imbalances. The proposed dialogical approach to truth in ICE aims to redress epistemic imbalances in the field. Towards the end of the paper implications for Intercultural Communication Education in China are discussed
Logistics in Greek Sanctuaries:Exploring the Human Experience of Visiting the Gods
No full textScholarly study of ancient Greek sanctuaries has tended to focus on religion and ritual, monuments, deities, sacrifice, and topography. Logistics in Greek Sanctuaries takes a completely novel perspective by shifting the focus away from the religious sphere and monumental aspects of sanctuaries to practical activity and the experience of the human visitor. Close examination of the more mundane and everyday life and activity in Greek cult places, e.g., sanitation, water and food supply, accommodation, markets, managing crowds and behavior, workers, and finances, reveals relatively unexplored facets of ancient Greek sanctuaries and offers new paths of investigation for the future
Fractional Leibniz rule on the torus
No full textWe discuss the fractional Leibniz rule for periodic functions on the d-dimensional torus, including the endpoint cases. As an application, we present a product estimate, involving distributions of negative regularities.<br/
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