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Person-centred research supervision:Facilitating encounter with researchers and enquiry
Get PDFAimsDrawing upon Schmid's invitation to develop congruence in practice, training and research within the person-centred approach, this study presents a theoretical model for counselling and psychotherapy research supervision. This is contextualised through the author's early-career academic experiences, particularly a lack of training, literature or guidance in pedagogical frameworks underpinning research supervision for psychotherapists.MethodThis study conceptualises research supervision using person-centred theories, in line with critical realist methodologies. Two case studies are presented in which person-centred research supervision model is implemented.FindingsThemes emerged that corroborated the person-centred research supervision model proposed and its underpinning literature, which had growthful and challenging dimensions. This highlighted the aspects of vulnerability in supervisory relationships, abdicating expertise as research supervisor and integral congruence between researcher and research project.ConclusionThese findings indicate there is merit in further research being conducted evaluating this person-centred research supervision model, in order to further develop or challenge its efficacy in practice
Genetic neurodevelopmental clustering and dyslexia
Get PDFDyslexia is a learning difficulty with neurodevelopmental origins, manifesting as reduced accuracy and speed in reading and spelling. It is substantially heritable and frequently co-occurs with other neurodevelopmental conditions, particularly attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we investigate the genetic structure underlying dyslexia and a range of psychiatric traits using results from genome-wide association studies of dyslexia, ADHD, autism, anorexia nervosa, anxiety, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and Tourette syndrome. Genomic Structural Equation Modelling (GenomicSEM) showed heightened support for a model consisting of five correlated latent genomic factors described as: F1) compulsive disorders (including obsessive-compulsive disorder, anorexia nervosa, Tourette syndrome), F2) psychotic disorders (including bipolar disorder, schizophrenia), F3) internalising disorders (including anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder), F4) neurodevelopmental traits (including autism, ADHD), and F5) attention and learning difficulties (including ADHD, dyslexia). ADHD loaded more strongly on the attention and learning difficulties latent factor (F5) than on the neurodevelopmental traits latent factor (F4). The attention and learning difficulties latent factor (F5) was positively correlated with internalising disorders (.40), neurodevelopmental traits (.25) and psychotic disorders (.17) latent factors, and negatively correlated with the compulsive disorders (–.16) latent factor. These factor correlations are mirrored in genetic correlations observed between the attention and learning difficulties latent factor and other cognitive, psychological and wellbeing traits. We further investigated genetic variants underlying both dyslexia and ADHD, which implicated 49 loci (40 not previously found in GWAS of the individual traits) mapping to 174 genes (121 not found in GWAS of individual traits) as potential pleiotropic variants. Our study confirms the increased genetic relation between dyslexia and ADHD versus other psychiatric traits and uncovers novel pleiotropic variants affecting both traits. In future, analyses including additional co-occurring traits such as dyscalculia and dyspraxia will allow a clearer definition of the attention and learning difficulties latent factor, yielding further insights into factor structure and pleiotropic effects
“They should ask me so that they can help me”:Patterns of young children’s expressed feelings and beliefs when interviewed about violence and difficult experiences
No full textBackground: Children’s participation in research is a rights-based principle. However, young children are often excluded from research on sensitive topics, due to gatekeepers concerns that participation would cause distress/re-traumatization and conflict with the principle of providing adequate protection from harm. Objective: To provide evidence around young children’s feelings, including potential distress, and beliefs in mixed-method interviews about violence and difficult experiences. Participants and Setting: Data were collected from South African interviewer focus group discussions and young child (age 6–10) interviews, along with observations and fieldnotes from young child (age 6–17) interviews. Methods: We collected and analyzed qualitative data focused on children’s displayed and reported emotions and beliefs in violence-focused interviews. Results: Findings showed the quantitative interview was frequently a positive experience for young children, and children who became upset or emotional stated their feelings were due to violence they experienced. The interviewer seemed to represent a safe person to whom the child could disclose. The play- and arts-based methods of the interview were useful in building this safety and providing space for children to regulate difficult emotions. Conclusions: In a carefully managed interview environment using developmentally appropriate methods, young children are enthusiastic participants and do not appear to experience undue distress or trauma when asked about violence and other sensitive topics. Findings demonstrate that young children can be safely included in research about violence and issues that impact them and can exercise their right to participation when research methods, environments, and safeguards are appropriately adapted to their needs
“Intercultural encounters”:Mentorship relations as spaces for critical intercultural learning in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
Get PDFThere are growing numbers of African international students studying at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in North America and the United Kingdom. Intercultural mentoring is one response to supporting students in navigating the complex cultural, social, and academic transitions from home to host countries. This article examines the experiences of 18 participants who had recently mentored African international students attending higher education institutions in Canada or in the UK. Semi-structured interviews with participating mentors were transcribed and analysed from a critical intercultural perspective. Results highlight four themes that provide insight into mentors’ approaches to intercultural mentoring: navigating fields of action and intervention, engaging in reflective practice, intercultural mentoring as a relational practice, and mentoring as a decolonising practice. Study findings provide insight into how intercultural mentoring relationships develop and evolve and how mentors approach mentoring relationships as sites that hold transformative learning potential for both mentors and students.</p
Sensing The Direction of Leadership and Social Identity in Dance Education_Interview data
No full textThe Social Identity in Leadership (SIL) model, recently applied in sports coaching environments argues that leadership is best understood in terms of the relationship between the leader and followers within a particular social or cultural group. SIL addresses how individuals who share a common social identity collaborate to lead other members of the community and influence them. Despite potential application benefits, this theory has yet to be defined and contextualised in dance environments. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine current approaches to the delivery of dance with regard to motivating learners to initiate then sustain and extend their engagement. Specifically, we sought to discover the approaches to leadership currently applied by dance teachers and to determine if principles of SIL are used. Based on a review of current literature about the application of SIL in teaching and coaching contexts, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine experienced dance teachers recruited from a network of experienced dance teachers in the UK using a purposive sampling approach. The range of experience the dance teachers had was from 5-20 years, with an overall mean of 11 years of dance teaching. The interviews lasted between 10 and 44 min, the variation in the duration of the interviews and relevant transcripts is attributed to each participant’s ability to articulate their understanding of SIL as this is a relatively new concept and terminology to be applied to dance. Five themes emerged from the data that provide evidence to suggest that, whist not as yet clearly defined, principles of SIL were employed by the dance teachers
Representing Muhammad:The Prophet on screen
Get PDFMuhammad: The Messenger of God (Majid Majidi 2015) is a major contribution to the discourses on and representations of the Prophet. Endorsed by Iran’s highest political authority, the supreme leader, the project’s ambitions far exceed the film’s limit, the multiple significances of which are examined here. The mammoth undertaking in the construction of the movie set, the Cinematic City of Nur, is an assertion of religious legitimacy as well as superiority in the preservation of Muslim sacred sites, history, and heritage. The film attempts to rectify the “falsification” of the narratives of Islam and the Prophet Muhammad both in western depictions as well as by Muslim extremists. Majidi employs various approaches in negotiating the three, at times contradictory, demands of the medium’s need for dramatization, the religious desiderata, and the film’s claims to authenticity, which I outline here. Even though set 1400 years ago, the film highlights the relevance of the Prophet’s narrative in a continuum that both precedes and extends beyond his own lifetime. The Prophet is relevant to the past before him as he is presented as the true heir to Judaism and Christianity. His narrative is relevant to the present as the story of his suffering resonates with the challenges that contemporary Iranians face as history repeats itself
The Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus control of monocytes, macrophages, and the tumour microenvironment
Get PDFKaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic DNA virus associated with various malignancies, including tumours like Kaposi sarcoma and Primary effusion lymphoma. Recently, the importance of the tumour microenvironment in KSHV-associated tumours is being studied. New studies utilizing human primary cells, co-culture experiments with KSHV-infected cells, and modern techniques like time-resolved single cell analysis, have significantly advanced the understanding of KSHV interactions with monocytes and macrophages. These cells play key roles in shaping the tumour microenvironment. It has become clear that KSHV-infected endothelial cells regulate the growth and the differentiation of monocytes and macrophages. Monocytes and macrophages, in turn, can regulate KSHV-infected cells in tumorigenesis and cytokine secretion, leading to the pro-tumour microenvironment. Further investigations into the viral regulation of monocytes and macrophages thus have potential to lead to the discovery of novel antitumour therapeutics
Collaborating for change:The importance of multi-sector partnerships in addressing poverty and inequality through decent work
Get PDFWork has stopped being a means to eradicating poverty; More than half of those living in poverty come from a household with at least one working adult. In-work poverty is multifaceted and has experiences across both work and non-work lives, and leads to profound consequences for individuals, their families, and society as a whole. It also has important spillover implications for organisations and managers, diverting their attention and creating rising costs. In this paper we outline the important role for organisations to address poverty, through building a case for decent work. We outline a collaborative multi-sector approach based on partnerships with six key stakeholders whose engagement and collaboration increase awareness and understanding about work and how it can be improved for workers, their families and society as a whole. This work with City of Edinburgh Council, in Scotland, combines processes of open dialogue, knowledge-generation, and dissemination between the stakeholders focusing on creating a fairer world, where people’s experiences are prioritised over economic imperatives, and where human flourishing can occur in tandem with ecological flourishing
Eocene contractional deformation in the NW corner of the Arabian plate and its relation to Arabia-Eurasia collision in SE Türkiye
Get PDFField evidence indicates c. 40 Ma (Early-Middle Eocene) contractional deformation in the S Amanos Mountains. Following latest Cretaceous southward ophiolite emplacement, an intra-platform basin infilled with shallow to deeper marine, dominantly carbonate sediments. Localized thrusting, reverse faulting, and folding were followed by subaerial erosion and non-marine clastic deposition, sealed by an Early Miocene marine transgression. Eocene emergence elsewhere in SE Türkiye probably also resulted from regional crustal shortening. Alternative hypotheses for collision in SE Türkiye propose latest Cretaceous, Mid-Late Eocene, Early Miocene, or Late Miocene suturing of S Neotethys. Much geological evidence in SE Türkiye and NW Iran supports Mid-Late Eocene initial continent-continent collision. Plate reconstructions suggest S Neotethys survived in this region until the Mid-Late Eocene. Biogeographical evidence points to minor Eocene mammal migration across S Neotethys, followed by Early Miocene large-scale terrestrial migrations. Seawater isotopic data suggest a major decrease in inter-Indian Ocean-Mediterranean Sea current flow during the Early Miocene. Instrumental geophysics and both numerical and analogue modelling suggest that the northern Arabian platform underthrust Eurasia (>200 km in S central Iran). In SE Türkiye, Eocene initial ‘soft’ collision was followed by Early Miocene ‘hard collision’, with crustal thickening and exhumation continuing until the Late Miocene, followed by westward ‘tectonic escape’.</p
DNA methylation-based predictors of metabolic traits in Scottish and Singaporean cohorts
No full textThis dataset corresponds to the study: "DNA methylation-based predictors of metabolic traits in Scottish and Singaporean cohorts". Files within this dataset include summary statistics from epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) of six metabolic traits in Generation Scotland using two distinct methods OSCA and BayesR+. For the OSCA files, DNAm principal component (PC) adjusted and non-PC-adjusted results are included. Weights for six metabolic epigenetic scores (EpiScores) are included. These weights were generated using two methods: Elnet and BayesR+. EpiScore weights for each trait (and each method) are included (two files per trait)
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