56228 research outputs found
Sort by
Sátira clandestina en el Nuevo Mundo: Virreinato del Perú. La Beltraneja o la victoria naval peruntina
No full textGraft survival and delayed graft function with normothermic regional perfusion and rapid recovery after circulatory death in kidney transplantation: a propensity score matching study
No full textBACKGROUND: A shortage of kidney grafts has led to the implementation of various strategies, including donations after circulatory death. The in situ normothermic regional perfusion technique has been introduced to improve graft quality by reducing warm ischemia times. However, there is limited evidence available on its mid- and long-term outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the incidence of delayed graft function, graft function, and survival at three years among three groups: brain death donors, rapid recovery, and normothermic regional perfusion.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a cohort of kidney transplantations was conducted at a single referral center between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019. Univariate and multivariate regression models and propensity score matching analysis were performed to compare recipient-related, transplantation procedure-related, donor-related, and kidney function variables.
RESULTS: A total of 327 patients were included, with 256 kidneys from brain death donors, 52 kidneys from rapid recovery, and 19 patients from normothermic regional perfusion. After propensity score matching, univariate and multivariate analyses showed a higher incidence of delayed graft function in the rapid recovery group compared to the others (OR: 2.39 CI95%: 1.19, 4.77) with a longer hospital stay (median 11, 15 and 10 days, respectively). However, no differences in 1- and 3-year graft function and survival were found.
CONCLUSIONS: Normothermic regional perfusion offers advantages over rapid recovery, with a reduced incidence of delayed graft function and a shorter hospital stay. However, no differences in mid-term graft function and survival were found
TARTESSUS: A Customized Electrospun Drug Delivery System Loaded with Irinotecan for Local and Sustained Chemotherapy Release in Pancreatic Cancer
No full textPost-surgical chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer has notorious side effects due to the high dose required. Multiple devices have been designed to tackle this aspect and achieve a delayed drug release. This study aimed to explore the controlled and sustained local delivery of a reduced drug dose from an irinotecan-loaded electrospun nanofiber membrane (named TARTESSUS) that can be placed on the patients' tissue after tumor resection surgery. The drug delivery system formulation was made of polycaprolactone (PCL)..
Relevance of body composition in phenotyping the obesities
No full textObesity is the most extended metabolic alteration worldwide increasing the risk for the development of cardiometabolic alterations such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Body mass index (BMI) remains the most frequently used tool for classifying patients with obesity, but it does not accurately reflect body adiposity. In this document we review classical and new classification systems for phenotyping the obesities. Greater accuracy of and accessibility to body composition techniques at the same time as increased knowledge and use of cardiometabolic risk factors is leading to a more refined phenotyping of patients with obesity. It is time to incorporate these advances into routine clinical practice to better diagnose overweight and obesity, and to optimize the treatment of patients living with obesity
Endothelial NOX5 overexpression induces changes in the cardiac gene profile: potential impact in myocardial infarction?
No full textCardiovascular diseases and the ischemic heart disease specifically constitute the main cause of death worldwide. The ischemic heart disease may lead to myocardial infarction, which in turn triggers numerous mechanisms and pathways involved in cardiac repair and remodeling. Our goal in the present study was to characterize the effect of the NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) endothelial expression in healthy and infarcted knock-in mice on diverse signaling pathways. The mechanisms studied in the heart of mice were the redox pathway, metalloproteinases and collagen pathway, signaling factors such as NFκB, AKT or Bcl-2, and adhesion molecules among others. Recent studies support that NOX5 expression in animal models can modify the environment and predisposes organ response to harmful stimuli prior to pathological processes. We found many alterations in the mRNA expression of components involved in cardiac fibrosis as collagen type I or TGF-β and in key players of cardiac apoptosis such as AKT, Bcl-2, or p53. In the heart of NOX5-expressing mice after chronic myocardial infarction, gene alterations were predominant in the redox pathway (NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, or SOD1), but we also found alterations in VCAM-1 and β-MHC expression. Our results suggest that NOX5 endothelial expression in mice preconditions the heart, and we propose that NOX5 has a cardioprotective role. The correlation studies performed between echocardiographic parameters and cardiac mRNA expression supported NOX5 protective action
Sleep duration is associated with liver steatosis in children depending on body adiposity
No full textSleep is a factor associated with overweight/obesity risk, wherein interactions with fatty liver should be ascertained. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the possible relationships of sleep with liver health and whether this interplay is related to body adiposity distribution in children and adolescents. Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical measurements were performed in children and adolescents (2-18 years old) with overweight/obesity (n = 854). Body fat distribution was clinically assessed, and several hepatic markers, including hepatic steatosis index, were calculated. Sleep time mediation (hours/day) in the relationship between the hepatic steatosis index and body fat distribution was investigated. Differences among diverse fatty liver disease scores were found between children with overweight or obesity (p < 0.05). Linear regression models showed associations between hepatic steatosis index and lifestyle markers (p < 0.001). Hepatic steatosis index was higher (about + 15%) in children with obesity compared to overweight (p < 0.001). Pear-shaped body fat distribution may seemingly play a more detrimental role on liver fat deposition. The association between sleep time and hepatic steatosis index was dependent on body mass index z-score. Post hoc analyses showed that 39% of the relationship of body fat distribution on hepatic steatosis index may be explained by sleep time. Conclusion: An association of sleep time in the relationship between body fat distribution and hepatic steatosis index was observed in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, which can be relevant in the prevention and treatment of excessive adiposity between 2 and 18 years old.
Clinical trial: NCT04805762. Import: As part of a healthy lifestyle, sleep duration might be a modifiable factor in the management of fatty liver disease in children.
What is known: • Sleep is an influential factor of overweight and obesity in children. • Excessive adiposity is associated with liver status in children and adolescents.
What is new: • Sleep time plays a role in the relationship between body fat distribution and liver disease. • Monitoring sleep pattern may be beneficial in the treatment of hepatic steatosis in children with excessive body weight
Choose as much as you wish: Freedom cues in the marketplace help consumers feel more satisfied with what they choose and improve customer experience
No full textConsumer satisfaction and customer experience are key predictors of an organization’s future market growth, long-term customer loyalty, and profitability but are hard to maintain in marketplaces with abundance of choice. Building on self-determination theory, we experimentally test a novel intervention that leverages consumer need for autonomy. The intervention is a message called a “freedom cue” (FC) which makes it salient that consumers can “choose as much as they wish.” A 4-week field experiment in a sporting gear store establishes that FCs lead to greater consumer satisfaction compared to when the store displays no FC. A large (N = 669) preregistered process-tracing experiment run with a consumer panel and a global e-commerce company shows that FCs at point-of-sale improve consumer satisfaction and customer experience compared to an equivalent message that does not make freedom to choose any amount salient. Perceived freedom mediates the effect. FCs do not change the time spent or clicks on the website overall but do change the focus of the choice process. FCs lead to greater focus on what is chosen than on what is not chosen. We discuss practical implications for organizations and future research in consumer choice
Forecasting levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D based on dietary intake, lifestyle and personal determinants in a sample of Southern Europeans
No full textVitamin D is an essential nutrient to be consumed in the habitual dietary intake, whose deficiency is associated with various disturbances. This study represents a validation of vitamin D status estimation using a semi-quantitative FFQ, together with data from additional physical activity and lifestyle questionnaires. This information was combined to forecast the serum vitamin D status. Different statistical methods were applied to estimate the vitamin D status using predictors based on diet and lifestyle. Serum vitamin D was predicted using linear regression (with leave-one-out cross-validation) and random forest models. Intraclass correlation coefficients, Lin's agreement coefficients, Bland-Altman plots and other methods were used to assess the accuracy of the predicted v. observed serum values. Data were collected in Spain. A total of 220 healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 78 years were included in this study. They completed validated questionnaires and agreed to provide blood samples to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. The common final predictors in both models were age, sex, sunlight exposure, vitamin D dietary intake (as assessed by the FFQ), BMI, time spent walking, physical activity and skin reaction after sun exposure. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the prediction was 0·60 (95 % CI: 0·52, 0·67; P < 0·001) using the random forest model. The magnitude of the correlation was moderate, which means that our estimation could be useful in future epidemiological studies to establish a link between the predicted 25(OH)D values and the occurrence of several clinical outcomes in larger cohorts
Narrative representation of depression, ASD, and ASPD in «Atypical», «My Mad Fat Diary» and «The End of The F***ing World»
Get PDFTelevision series act as one of the primary sources of information on mental and neurological disorders. However, research on the accurate representation of mental disorders and clinical reality still lacks, especially since it requires an interdisciplinary approach with higher complexity. This article analyses the narrative depiction of depression, autism without intellectual disability, and antisocial personality disorder in three case studies: Atypical (Netflix, 2017-present), My Mad Fat Diary (E4, 2013-2015), and The End of The F***ing World (E4 & Netflix, 2017-2019). The aim is to identify which stereotypes are still predominant on-screen and determine whether they are reliable with their clinical reality. Hence, the authors propose a narrative content analysis based on the medication, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and Stahl’s Essential Pharmacology Guide. The authors applied a methodology based on the standard analysis measurement of different case studies under a unified pattern for mental disorders’ intrinsic socio-economic and gender aspects. The results showed that TV series try to opt for better representations, but many still perpetuate misconceptions and misrepresentations due to a tension between showing realistic, educational values (edutainment) and opting for a gripping audio-visual and narrative drama. In conclusion, diverse realities are hardly achieved. Moreover, TV series criticise how the anger is placed on oneself instead of the system. Las series de televisión actúan como importantes fuentes de información sobre los trastornos mentales y neurológicos. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la representación de los trastornos mentales en relación con su realidad clínica sigue siendo escasa, principalmente porque requiere un enfoque interdisciplinario más complejo. Este artículo busca analizar la representación narrativa de la depresión, el autismo sin discapacidad intelectual y el trastorno antisocial de la personalidad mediante tres estudios de caso: Atypical (Netflix, 2017-2021), My Mad Fat Diary (E4, 2013-2015) y The End of The F***ing World (E4 & Netflix, 2017-2019). Además, pretende identificar qué estereotipos siguen predominando en la pantalla. Los autores proponen un análisis de contenido narrativo basado en la medicación, los síntomas, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento, según el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los trastornos mentales (DSM-5) y la Guía farmacológica esencial de Stahl. Se aplica una metodología basada en la medición del análisis estándar bajo un patrón unificado para los trastornos mentales, añadiendo aspectos socioeconómicos y de género intrínsecos. Los resultados muestran que las series televisivas actuales intentan mejores representaciones, aunque siguen perpetuando ideas y representaciones erróneas dada la tensión entre mostrar valores realistas y educativos (edutainment) u optar por un drama audiovisual y narrativo apasionante. En conclusión, difícilmente se consiguen realidades diversas. Finalmente, queremos señalar que las series más recientes critican cómo la ira se deposita en el individuo en lugar de en el sistema
