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The State of supplier diversity initiatives by large corporations: The new sustainable supply chain?
No full textWe describe the state of supplier diversity efforts by large corporations from an international perspective. We examine data for the companies in the 2020 and 2022 Fortune Global 500 and find that corporate definitions of diversity are dynamic and vary across regions. Furthermore, while supplier diversity efforts are not yet widespread, these initiatives are increasingly common, especially in the form of references to diversity in companies’ supplier codes of conduct. Companies in North America and in certain economic sectors, such as the financial and healthcare sectors, are more likely to have such efforts in place. Based on our data, companies that report on their internal diversity and companies that have other forms of supplier sustainability initiatives are also more likely to have supplier diversity initiatives. We argue further that supplier diversity efforts will follow a trajectory similar to other supplier sustainability efforts. Finally, we suggest possible avenues for future research on supplier diversity
Optimization testing for the modeling and characterization of three-dimensional elements to enhance interoperability from building information modeling (BIM) to building energy modeling (BEM)
Get PDFThe principal aim of the different authors regarding the issues concerning the interoperability between
Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Building Energy Modelling (BEM) platforms is focused on
workflow automation. This article aims to focus on the modeling practices, by suggesting practical modeling
recommendations for BIM modelers, which improve the exportation results to BEM platforms. The project
followed a two-phase methodology consisting first of the proposal of a line of modeling recommendations based
on a literature review, and second of the application of the recommendations, using an experimental model.
At the outset, the authors recompiled research papers, software tutorials, and the main author’s usage (by tool
testing). The recommendations were organized by categories and fields of implementation. For the second phase,
a single-family housing project was assigned for the testing procedures. The project was modeled with the two
main BIM platforms available for the research (Autodesk Revit and Graphisoft Archicad). The testing procedures
included the implementation of the recommendations by categories, and each category was evaluated by two
premises: the geometrical consistency of the exported model with the project (by using the Aragog gbXML
viewer tool), and the utility of the imported model on a BEM platform (by using Design Builder software with
EnergyPlus). The results of each tested model were contrasted and analyzed, to determine if the implemented
recommendations were successful for improving the exportation process. In conclusion, it was found that the
recommendations improved the geometrical consistency and the elements characterization with the building
systems, and an energy analytic simulation was successfully fulfilled with the optimized model imported from
both BIM software. Although the recommendations made small improvements from the base to the optimized
model, the result for each exported model was a successful energy analytic simulation
Deciphering the impact of astrocytic insulin receptor depletion on Alzheimer's disease pathology
No full text-
Lola Álvarez Bravo: fotógrafa, también de arquitectura
No full textEl objetivo fundamental de esta investigación es ofrecer una perspectiva de la obra
fotográfica de Lola Álvarez Bravo (1903, Lagos de Moreno - 1993, Ciudad de México) que incluye su
fotografía de arquitectura prácticamente desconocida hasta la fecha; contribuyendo así al rescate de
una figura que no ha sido suficientemente estudiada, valorada ni contextualizada. Se aspira a una
comprensión transversal de su trabajo, sin aislarlo de su biografía. El Capítulo Primero, Dolores
Martínez de Anda. La genuina, propone un reencuentro con la fotógrafa y sus referentes, poniendo
en diálogo su biografía con algunas facetas más desatendidas de su obra.
La literatura sobre la fotografía de arquitectura de Lola Álvarez Bravo es escasa o prácticamente
inexistente. Pueden encontrarse apuntes —casi siempre, en relación a sus foto-murales—, pero no
hay publicación ni investigación alguna extensa. Por tanto, el segundo objetivo de esta tesis es estudiar
su fotografía de arquitectura entendida en el contexto de su obra: qué papel desempeña en su propio
archivo y corroborar si influyó o no a la hora de construir el imaginario moderno mexicano
arquitectónico difundido por los medios. En el Capítulo Segundo, Lola Álvarez Bravo. Fotógrafa de
arquitectura, se aportan algunas primeras respuestas.
Más allá de ser ésta una investigación de carácter estrictamente monográfico, conocer a la fotógrafa
implica ponerla en relación con su legado. Gracias a su labor como docente, curadora y divulgadora,
su mirada sigue derramándose de generación en generación. ¿Dónde descansan las enseñanzas de
Álvarez Bravo en las fotografías de sus alumnos: Mariana Yampolsky y Raúl Abarca?, ¿qué rastros
hay de su pensamiento y de su obra en las publicaciones más importantes de la época? En el Capítulo
Tercero, Blue Lady. El legado, se propone un encuentro con la herencia intelectual de Lola Álvarez
Bravo, quien fue conocida en Norteamérica como «Blue Lady».
Para alcanzar estos objetivos y dar respuesta a las preguntas formuladas, se han realizado una
serie de tareas simultáneas que construyen la metodología de esta investigación. La más inmediata ha
sido la elaboración del marco contextual, el estado del arte y la revisión de la literatura. Para ello, se
ha reunido toda la documentación posible y se ha reconstruido la escena actual a través de bibliografía
y entrevistas a fotógrafos, arquitectos, historiadores e investigadores. En segundo lugar, se ha llevado
a cabo una estancia de investigación en el Center for Creative Photography, donde se ha visionado el
archivo minuciosamente y al completo —algo que, hasta la fecha, no se había hecho— haciendo
hincapié después en localizar toda su fotografía de arquitectura. Esta ha sido la única vez en la que se
pudieron visionar los 20.000 negativos presencialmente, de los cuales, aproximadamente 12.000 son
fotografía de arquitectura. Además, la gran mayoría nunca han sido publicados. La tercera y última
tarea ha consistido en el vaciado de algunas de las revistas mexicanas de arquitectura moderna más
importantes de la época, aquellas de las que se sospechó de la falta de atribución de determinadas
fotografías. El objetivo ha sido encontrar la presencia o la ausencia de la obra de Lola Álvarez Bravo
y su correcta atribución, confirmando así que su trabajo fue un agente activo del imaginario
arquitectónico moderno mexicano difundido por estos medios.
Esta investigación no acaba en sí misma, pues son muchas las obligaciones pendientes hacia
Lola Álvarez Bravo —y más aún, acerca de su fotografía de arquitectura—; lo que se extiende al
trabajo de otras muchas fotógrafas modernas mexicanas. En todo caso, con esta investigación, hoy
los ojos de Lola Álvarez Bravo le devuelven la mirada al espectador a través de sus propias imágenes,
y ojalá, algo más lejos del olvido. Esta es la primera tesis doctoral que estudia la obra de Álvarez
Bravo y que se centra específicamente en su fotografía de arquitectura
Potential use of red mud in cementitious materials for environmental remediation
No full textRed mud (RM), an industrial waste derived from aluminum production, is a significant environmental concern due to its high alkalinity and large volumes. However, RM can be leveraged in the construction industry for wide variety of applications, including production of low-carbon cementitious materials and for environmental remediation. Using RM as a cement replacement reduces the need for raw materials typically used in cement production, such as limestone and clay. This helps conserve natural resources and reduces the environmental impact of mining. At the same time, it addresses other environmental concerns simultaneously by reducing waste and potentially lowering the carbon footprint of construction industry. This study explores the photocatalytic performance of RM, and its subsequent use in cementitious materials as partial cement replacement. Red mud is rich in iron oxide, which is distributed in mineral phases such as hematite (Fe2O3) and goethite (FeOOH). Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is the most stable form of iron oxide and can be significant for photocatalytic applications point of view. In the initial phase of this study, the photocatalytic activity of RM was assessed by means of an abatement test to measure NOx reduction in solar irradiation. It was observed that RM has a potential of photocatalytic removal of nitrogen oxides, attributed to the adsorption of NO and NOx, as well as their subsequent photocatalytic degradation. In second stage of the study, RM-based cement mortars were prepared, and based on variables i.e., RM’s substitution levels as cement replacement, workability and compressive strength of mortars were investigated. The thermal properties and phase transitions of the investigated mortars were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The compressive strength of RM-cement mortar at 28 days with optimal conditions (5% RM substitution) i.e., C3R5 is 31.19 MPa, showing 41% improvement over standard cement mortar. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs reveal abundant hydration products and strong interfaces in C3R5. By offering an environmentally friendly solution to RM management while simultaneously creating useful construction materials, this study represents a significant step towards more sustainable industrial practices and resource utilization
Rapport sur l'évaluation des soins palliatifs au Maroc sur la base des indicateurs de l'OMS
No full textLes soins palliatifs (SP) sont de plus en
plus considérés comme une question
de santé mondiale. Ce rapport examine
l'état actuel des SP au Maroc et les défis
auxquels le pays est confronté pour
fournir des SP accessibles et efficaces
à ses citoyens. Il a été estimé que plus
de 163000 marocains ont besoin SP
chaque année.
Un consultant national a été recruté
pour accompagner le processus d'adaptation des indicateur et une réunion
hybride de deux jours a été organisée
á Rabat par le Centre collaborateur de
l'OMS ATLANTES avec l'OMS-Genève,
l'OMS-EMR et l'OMS-Maroc pour examiner et adapter aux réalités culturelles un
ensemble d'indicateurs. L'OMS a choisi
le Maroc et impliqué les acteurs des
secteurs de la santé, de l´enseignement
secondaire et de la formation professionnelle de l´enseignement supérieur
et l'Association Marocaine des SP.
ATLANTES a fourni un outil de collecte
suivant le Cadre conceptuel de l´OMS et
un système de notation à quatre niveaux
: stade précoce, intermédiaire, établi, et
avancé. Le rapport souligne les forces
et les faiblesses de chaque indicateur et
fournit un résumé du niveau de mise en
œuvre dans chaque domaine.
L'autonomisation des individus et des
communautés est mise en évidence par
deux indicateurs. Le premier, montre
une forte présence nationale et infranationale de défense des SP et de promotion des droits des patients (stade
avancé). Le second (stade précoce),
indique l'absence d'une ligne directrice
nationale concernant la planification
préalable des soins.
Par rapport aux politiques sanitaires,
le Maroc dispose de lignes directrices
en matière de SP pour les maladies
non transmissibles (MNT). En 2010, Le
Maroc a inclus les SP dans les politiques
nationales de santé notamment dans
le plan national de prévention et de
contrôle du cancers et dans la Stratégie
Nationale Multisectorielle de Prévention
et de Contrôle des Maladies Non Transmissibles 2019–2029. Les services de SP
sont inclus sur la liste du paquet minimum de soins dispensés au niveau des
soins primaires (stade avancé), mais il
n'y a pas encore de mécanisme de suivi
pour l'accès à ces services. Même s'il
n´existe pas une autorité nationale qui
coordonne les SP, rattachée au Ministère de la Santé, les SP sont intégrés
séparément dans le cadre des actions
des différents services de la division des
Maladies Non Transmissibles (stade
établi).
Concernant la recherche, il y a une
Conférence Nationale de SP prévue tous
les ans (stade avancé) et, il y a quelques
publications scientifiques liés aux SP
(stade précoce).
Par rapport à utilisation de médicaments essentiels, la consommation
annuelle notifiée d'opioïdes en équivalent de morphine orale par personne est
de 1,34 milligrammes (stade précoce)
et 100 % des établissements de santé,
à tous les niveaux, disposent médicaments essentiels contre la douleur et
pour les SP. Très peu des patients ayant
des besoins palliatifs ont accès à de la
morphine orale dans la communauté
ou à l'hôpital chaque année (stade
précoce).
En ce qui concerne la formation, sur 18
écoles de médecine, 18 propose un module obligatoire ou facultatif en SP pour
les formations de base (stade avance)
; pourtant il n'y a pas d'un diplôme
d'études spécialisées (DES) en médecine palliative destinée aux médecins.
Le niveau des prestations de SP (services intégrées) est au stade précoce
:Il'y a 12 unités fixes de soins palliatifs
et 26 unités mobiles délivrant les soins
palliatifs à domicile, (0,03/100 000
habitants) mais il n'existe pas encore de
programmes pédiatriques spécialisés à
l'échelle nationale.
En conclusion, cette valuation a mis en
évidence que malgré un engagement
politique, professionnel et communautaire croissant, il y existe des
carences au niveau éducationnel, de la
recherche, de l'accès aux médicaments
essentiels et surtout, dans le niveau de
disponibilité des équipes de SP, reflétant encore un accès insuffisant aux SP
pour les marocaines
Nutritional and culinary habits to empower families (n-CHEF): a feasibility study to increase consumption and home cooking of plant-based foods
No full textObjective: To analyse the feasibility and acceptability of a culinary nutritional intervention aimed at increasing plant-based foods consumption in the context of the Mediterranean diet in parent-child dyads.
Design: The Nutritional and Culinary Habits to Empower Families (n-CHEF) is a 9-month feasibility study that included four culinary nutritional workshops (two face to face, two online) led by a chef and a dietitian-nutritionist. These workshops combined cooking with plant-based foods, with nutritional advice and experimental activities. The main outcomes were retention, quality of the intervention (monitoring workshops, acceptability and perceived impact) and changes in dietary and cooking habits.
Setting: Parent-child dyads, Spain.
Participants: Parent-child (aged 10-14 years) dyads.
Results: Fifteen parent-child dyads were recruited, of which thirteen were retained during the 6-month follow-up. All but one parent-child dyads attended the four workshops. The overall assessment of the workshops was positive, although the online workshops were rated lower than the face to face. In general, parent-child dyads reported benefits in terms of nutrition and cooking aspects. Parents significantly increased their adherence to the Mediterranean diet, but non-significant changes were observed in children. However, children increased their consumption of vegetables and legumes and reduced snacks and ready meals. Parents also changed some of their culinary habits and increased their confidence in cooking at home.
Conclusions: The n-CHEF showed that the culinary nutritional intervention had good levels of recruitment, retention and acceptability among parent-child dyads. In addition, dietary and culinary knowledge and habits can be improved, although further studies are needed to know the long-term effects in larger populations
Macronutrient quality and its association with micronutrient adequacy in children
No full textBackground & aims: The double burden of malnutrition compels us to reconsider macronutrients from a
diet quality perspective. The Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) has been designed to reflect overall
macronutrient quality and is based on three sub-indexes: the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), the
healthy plate protein quality index (HPPQI) and the fat quality index (FQI). Nutritional adequacy is an
essential aspect of diet quality that should be captured by reliable dietary indexes.
Methods: We analyzed the association between the Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) and micronutrient adequacy. Participants were children aged 4 and 5 years, recruited in the SENDO cohort. Baseline
information was collected through a self-administered online questionnaire, which included information
on sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle variables. Dietary information was obtained using a 147-item
validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Participants were categorized into tertiles
based on their MQI score. We evaluated the intake of 20 micronutrients and assessed the probability of
micronutrient adequacy using the Estimated Average Requirement cut-off point.
Results: Children in the highest tertile of MQI had 0.33-fold lower odds (95%CI 0.17e0.66) of having 3
inadequate micronutrient intakes than their peers in the lowest tertile, after adjusting for potential
confounders. The adjusted proportions of children with inadequate intake of 3 micronutrients were
18%, 14% and 11% in the first, second, and third tertiles of MQI respectively. The MQI appears to be capable
of capturing nutrient adequacy in children, although our results suggest that a modified MQI, with eggs
and dairy products weighted positively, might be more adequate for the pediatric population
Library, 2024/2025
No full textThe annual Library Brochure 2024-2025 contains general information about the libraries of the University of Navarra, the services they deliver and some facts and figures
Nurses attitude toward the death of palliative care patients
No full textIntroduction: Palliative care, which is crucial for improving the quality of life for
patients facing life-threatening illnesses, often faces confusion among healthcare
professionals. Nurses, who play a pivotal role in delivering palliative care, often exhibit
knowledge gaps and less favorable attitudes towards end-of-life care. Understanding their
attitudes towards death is essential for enhancing patient care.
Objective: The aim of this review is to examine nurses’ attitude towards the death of
palliative care patients and the factors that influence it.
Methodology: This systematic review of the literature performed its search in three
databases (PubMed, PsychInfo and CINHAL). With terms like “Nurses”, “Attitude”,
“Palliative care” and “Death” it elected 483 articles from 2018-2023, the number was
reduced to 10 final articles.
Results: Nurses’ attitude toward death have an impact on the dying patient care and on
themselves. Three main factors were found to influence nurses’ attitude toward death:
education, nursing experience and age and meaning in life and religion.
Conclusion: Addressing nurses' attitudes towards death is crucial for enhancing the
quality of palliative care and ensuring the well-being of both patients and nursing staff, it
should continue to be studied.Introducción: Los cuidados paliativos, que son cruciales para mejorar la calidad de vida
de los pacientes que enfrentan enfermedades graves potencialmente mortales, a menudo
enfrentan confusión entre los profesionales de la salud. Las enfermeras, que desempeñan
un papel fundamental en la prestación de cuidados paliativos, a menudo muestran lagunas de conocimiento y actitudes menos favorables hacia la atención al final de la vida.
Comprender sus actitudes hacia la muerte es esencial para mejorar la atención al paciente.
Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión es examinar la actitud de las enfermeras hacia la
muerte de los pacientes de cuidados paliativos y los factores que la influencian.
Metodología: Esta revisión sistemática de la literatura realizó su búsqueda en tres bases
de datos (PubMed, PsychInfo y CINHAL). Con términos como "Enfermeras", "Actitud",
"Cuidados paliativos" y "Muerte", se seleccionaron 483 artículos de 2018 a 2023, y el
número se redujo a 10 artículos finales.
Resultados: La actitud de las enfermeras hacia la muerte tiene un impacto en la atención
al paciente moribundo y en ellas mismas. Se encontraron tres factores principales que
influyen en la actitud de las enfermeras hacia la muerte: educación, experiencia en
enfermería y edad, y significado en la vida y religión.
Conclusión: Abordar las actitudes de las enfermeras hacia la muerte es crucial para
mejorar la calidad de los cuidados paliativos y garantizar el bienestar tanto de los
pacientes como del personal de enfermería, y debe continuar siendo objeto de estudio