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As strong as the weakest node: The impact of misinformation in social networks
Get PDFWe study the impact of misinformation in a model of boundedly rational opinion formation in a social network. We capture misinformation via misspecified prior beliefs and consider networks that contain agents with differing social learning sophistication: identity social learners and quasi-Bayesian social learners. An attractive feature of the underlying heuristics is that in the baseline case absent misinformation both coincide with DeGroot updating, the arguably canonical boundedly rational heuristic. We find that the impact of misinformation depends upon the sophistication of the agents exposed to misinformation. If at least one misinformed agent engages in the simpler heuristic, identity social learning, then the long run opinions of all agents are extremely fragile to misinformation. Even if the perceived precision of the misinformation is infinitesimally small, the opinions of all agents in the network, identity and quasi-Bayesian social learners alike, converge to the misinformation state. Instead, if only the more sophisticated quasi-Bayesian social learners are exposed to misinformation, then the opinion process is robust to infinitessimal misinformation. Finally, we consider a general class of updating functions and show that there is a type of infinitessimal perturbation to the updating function of any agent such that the asymptotic consensus opinion is extremely fragile
Generalized pustulosis following Covid 19 vaccination in a patient in treatment with adalimumab
No full textDear Editors,
Adalimumab is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor commonly used for multiple autoimmune diseases. Paradoxical cutaneous reactions under anti-TNF-α drugs have been described in the literature, predominantly linked to adalimumab.1 Although this adverse effect is widely known, mechanisms underlying its induction, as well as possible risk factors, are still unknown.
Here we report a case of papulopustular psoriasis induced by a second dose of Covid vaccine in a patient treated with adalimumab. The patient was a 52-year-old woman with history of HLA B27(–) spondylarthritis. No personal or family history of psoriasis was reported. During the previous 9 months she had been in treatment with adalimumab (40 mg) subcutaneously every 2 weeks. No other treatment was initiated during this period. However, she had received the second Covid vaccine the previous week (1st dose: Janssen, 2nd dose: Moderna). The patient presented with an abruptly developed generalized papulopustular reaction that had initiated as a palmoplantar pustulosis (Figure 1). A biopsy was performed and revealed generalized pustulosis (Figure 2). Adalimumab was discontinued and daily topical application of clobetasol propionate 0.05% plus urea 20% resulted in progressive improvement of the lesions. However, although clinical improvement was noted after the use of topical corticosteroids, the patient did not present with complete remission of the lesions
ESG-driven innovation strategy and firm performance
No full textThis paper investigates the impact of aligning an innovation strategy with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices on innovation and non-innovation performance variables. Drawing on principles from Stakeholder Theory and Social Network Theory of Innovation, the research hypothesizes that ESG-driven firms will outperform firms that are not ESG-driven in terms of future innovation outcomes, labor productivity, exporting and survival rates. Using the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) database, a panel of Spanish companies, the study compares the performance of two groups of innovative firms: firms that declare that at least one of the ESG goals are relevant for their innovation activities (ESG-driven companies) and matched firms that regard all three ESG goals as not important (non-ESG companies). Our findings reveal that ESG-driven companies exhibit a better future innovation performance and that, in terms of labor productivity, exporting, and survival their performance is never inferior than that of innovative firms that are not ESG-drive
The more you connect, the less you connect: An examination of the role of phubbing at home and job crafting in the crossover and spillover effects of work–family spousal support on employee creativity
No full textIn an era where home and work domains have become inseparable, it is surprising that extant research has placed less emphasis on examining the boundary conditions and mechanisms to understand the home-to-work crossover and spillover process. Building on the work–home resources theory and the crossover-spillover perspectives, we test a resource-based crossover-spillover model of how one partner's work–family spousal support provision relates to the other partner's creativity at work. We propose that “phubbing” at home affects the crossover process of resource exchange between partners. Regarding the spillover from home to work, we propose that job crafting mediates the association between work–family spousal support and employee creativity. Daily diary data were collected from 65 dual-earner couples, over 15 working days in the United States. Results from the multilevel actor–partner interdependence model show that work–family support enhances employee creativity by prompting the employee's relational job crafting and cognitive job crafting at work. Moreover, our results reveal that the high level of phubbing at home weakens the work–family support crossover between partners. We contribute to the literature by adding evidence regarding the mechanisms that enable social support at home to turn into employee creativity at work
The state of transience, and its influence on the wish to die of advanced disease patients: insights from a qualitative phenomenological study
No full textBackground: The experience of Wish to Die is common in patients living with Advanced Disease. It has been studied worldwide and qualitative studies have contributed to the understanding of the complexity of the phenomenon of the WTD but a deeper understanding on the individual's views is still needed. The objective of this study was to identify common characteristics of the experience of wish to die in advanced disease.
Methods: A phenomenological study was carried out with multicenter participation of patients with advanced disease who had expressed their wish to die to health professionals. Semi-structured interviews were employed to obtain an in-depth perspective of each patient's lived experience. A phenomenological analysis of the data collected was performed to describe and explore the characteristic aspects of the phenomenon under study.
Results: Fourteen patients with advanced disease were interviewed. Most of them had cancer. In the analysis of the patients' accounts of their experiences, three common characteristics were identified: a) experiencing a state of transience; b) the attempt to reconnect with oneself; and c) additional disease-related aspects that influence the wish to die. Patients expressed the need for a safe space to address the wish to die and the importance of receiving care that considers both 'being' and 'doing'.
Conclusions: Patients with advanced disease and wish to die experience a state of transience where the patient lives and ephemeral state of existence. Interventions focused on reinforcing the intrinsic value of the individual emerge as essential components of a compassionate accompaniment of those facing the wish to die
Guía práctica sobre la elaboración del trabajo fin de máster (Máster Universitario en Profesorado)
No full textGuía práctica para la elaboración del trabajo fin de máster en el Máster Universitario en Profesorado. Describe el proceso de investigación que hay que seguir así como detalles sobre la presentación, defensa, rol de los tutores, entre otros. Útil tanto para los estudiantes como para los directores/as de trabajos fin de máster
La teología de la ternura. Un estudio en el pensamiento de Carlo Rocchetta y del papa Francisco
No full textHablar de la ternura, aunque conlleva ciertas dificultades, se hace no solo interesante, sino necesario en un mundo en el que los sentimientos, los afectos, las emociones y las pasiones personales y ajenas tienen gran impacto social debido a las sofisticadas facilidades de comunicación de que disponemos gracias a los avances tecnológicos, entre otras razones.
El deseo de descubrir en qué consiste la ternura, me llevó, de la mano de los dos autores investigados, a adentrarme en la Revelación para buscar los rasgos de la ternura en Dios Padre, Hijo y Espíritu Santo, y así encontrar la ternura a la que es llamada cada persona, creada a imagen y semejanza de Dios. La ternura, entendida como expresión del amor con el que Dios nos quiere, nos lleva a descubrir la importancia de esta realidad en las partes de la Teología.Although talking about tenderness entails certain difficulties, it becomes not only interesting, but necessary in a world in which personal feelings, affections, emotions, and passions have a great social impact due to the sophisticated advancements in communications because of the newest technology, among other reasons.
The desire to discover what tenderness is has led me, with the help of the two investigated authors, to delve into Revelation and to seek the traits of tenderness in God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, in order to find the tenderness to which each person, created in the image and likeness of God is called to. Tenderness, understood as an expression of the love with which God loves us, leads us to discover the importance of this reality in various parts of Theology
Convergencia de 4º hacia el TFG
No full textSe trata de un proyecto piloto sobre el Trabajo Final de Grado. El alumno de Diseño ha utilizado en los tres primeros cursos una metodología de proyecto integrado, que hace converger el contenido de las diferentes materias hacia el proyecto propuesto por el profesor invitado. En esta primera edición del Trabajo Final de Grado, se ha planteado una innovación: el alumno elige voluntariamente el contenido del proyecto. El PID Convergencia4 ha hecho converger 11 asignaturas optativas y 2 obligatorias de 4º hacia los proyectos individuales de TFG. Es decir, no es una relación de cinco asignaturas con un proyecto como en cursos precedentes, sino de 13 asignaturas con 38 proyectos. Durante todo el curso, los alumnos han ido acumulando ideas, perspectivas y enfoques desde distintas asignaturas y han podido reflejarlos en sus TFG con naturalidad y acierto. De alguna manera, el TFG que supone 18 ECTS (30% de 4º curso), se ha visto ampliado con el enriquecimiento de los 30 ECTS optativos (50% del curso). Además, aunque inicialmente no habíamos previsto incluirlas en el PID, dos asignaturas obligatorias del segundo cuatrimestre (Estrategias de Comunicación y Web, y Business Management), también han influido directamente en los TFG, pues la mayoría de los alumnos ha incorporado estos contenidos a su TFG. De esta manera, el TFG de Diseño en la ETSAUN, se ha convertido en un trabajo casi anual, que sintetiza todo el aprendizaje adquirido por el alumno y sirve como carta de presentación para su trabajo profesional
Automated and continuous assessment implementation in a programming course
No full textContinuous assessment is an assessment methodology whose objective is to assess students on an ongoing basis. However, designing, organizing, correcting, and evaluating continuous assessment increases the workload of teachers. Moreover, this methodology may not promote deep learning if it is not implemented properly. In this study, we implemented continuous assessment in an undergraduate programming subject using an automated assessment tool to reduce the workload of professors. We used design-based research (DBR) to implement a prototype of assessment methodology which includes an automated assessment tool developed by our research group. DBR provides us with a scientific background for this implementation through an iterative process in which we progressively come to assess all the activities that students perform in the course. In the different iterations of this process, we have collected students' final and project grades, and their opinions through surveys about the assessments we have implemented. These results allow us to demonstrate that the performance of at least two types of students improves after the implementation of continuous assessment, while at the same time, the depth of learning in the class is not affected. We have also found that students are more motivated and committed to the course when continuous assessment is used as they prefer automated assessment over the traditional exercises. In addition, the implementation of the continuous assessment has shown us some unexpected outcomes about flexibility in methodology design, collection of large amounts of data from the learning process, and students acquiring useful skills for programming. In reality, this can result in students gaining deeper knowledge if they are confronted with a greater number of situations during this time in which they test their knowledge
Universidad Luso-Americana: plagio de un antiguo muy VIP. Juristas y comunicadores en una gestión de crisis
No full textEl domingo 19 de agosto de 2017, María Espinoza, directora de comunicación de la Universidad
Luso-Americana de Porto Alegre (Brasil), se disponía para salir a correr. Apenas quedaba una
semana para el maratón internacional de Rio de Janeiro, para el que llevaba preparándose varios
meses. Quería mejorar su marca en el maratón de Roma del pasado abril, donde recibió un diploma por llegar entre las primeras 200 en categoría femenina. ¡Y eso que había corrido con
fiebre, por una inoportuna indigestión!
A las 8:15 am, cuando se acababa de atar las zapatillas, sonó el teléfono:
Hola, soy Filipe Souza, periodista del programa “Falando con Mendes”. Quería informarte que hemos preparado un reportaje donde se demuestra que la tesis con la que
Dos Santos obtuvo el grado de licenciado en Derecho es plagio. Lo publicaremos esta
noche, pero queremos saber si la Universidad tiene alguna declaración al respecto.
Espinoza se quedó sorprendida. En sus once meses en la ULA se había enfrentado a problemas
de todo tipo, pero esta era la primera vez que tenía ante sí un conflicto de esas dimensiones.
El programa “Falando con Mendes” lo dirigía Juliana Mendes, una de las reporteras más conocidas del país. Con 25 años de experiencia en distintos medios, era actualmente la conductora de
CNN Brasil y su influencia se había consolidado tanto, que a pesar de haber sido despedida de
una gran cadena de radio meses atrás, tenía su propio portal de noticias web.
Mendes no dejaba a nadie indiferente. Para muchos, sus programas de denuncia eran un ejemplo de periodismo independiente y comprometido; para otros era escandalosa en exceso y hasta
“incendiaria”. En lo que todos estaban de acuerdo era que, de un tiempo a esta parte, se había
convertido en el látigo del presidente de Brasil, Henrique Monteiro dos Santos