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Cybersecurity in critical infrastructures: a post-quantum cryptography perspective
No full textThe machinery of industrial environments was connected to the Internet years ago with the scope of increasing
their performance. However, this change made such environments
vulnerable against cyber-attacks that can compromise their
correct functioning resulting in economic or social problems.
Moreover, implementing cryptosystems in the communications between operational technology (OT) devices is a more
challenging task than for information technology (IT) environments since the OT networks are generally composed of
legacy elements, characterized by low-computational capabilities. Consequently, implementing cryptosystems in industrial
communication networks faces a tradeoff between the security
of the communications and the amortization of the industrial
infrastructure. Critical infrastructure (CI) refers to the industries
which provide key resources for the daily social and economical
development, e.g., electricity. Furthermore, a new threat to
cybersecurity has arisen with the theoretical proposal of quantum
computers, due to their potential ability of breaking state-of-the-art cryptography protocols, such as RSA or elliptic curve
cryptography. Many global agents have become aware that
transitioning their secure communications to a quantum secure
paradigm is a priority that should be established before the
arrival of fault-tolerance. In this article, we aim to describe
the problematic of implementing post-quantum cryptography
(PQC) to CI environments. For doing so, we describe the
requirements for these scenarios and how they differ against
IT. We also introduce classical cryptography and how quantum
computers pose a threat to such security protocols. Furthermore,
we introduce state-of-the-art proposals of PQC protocols and
present their characteristics. We conclude by discussing the
problematic of integrating PQC in industrial environments
Adolescents’ perceptions of school support and their mental health
No full textAbstract:
Adolescents aged 10-19 represent about 16 percent of the world’s total population (UNICEF, 2023). Global statistics show rising numbers of adolescents who experience mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and psychosomatic health complaints. A growing body of research has recognized the relationship between adolescents’ mental health and aspects of their school environment. Some studies have shed light on the role of the school as a protective factor while others have been concerned that schools prioritize academic demands over adolescents’ mental health. However, it is still unknown what aspects of the school environment protect adolescents from mental health problems versus those that increase their risk.
Thus, the main purpose of this paper was to examine whether adolescents’ perceptions of school support predicted their depression, self-esteem, anxiety, and psychosomatic health complaints, after controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and grade. Data were collected in 2015 from an online survey with 4,380 students from grade 3 through 12 from 14 schools in a rural district in the Southeastern United States. We used several one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) to examine differences in mean scores of depression, anxiety, self-esteem and psychosomatic health complaints of adolescents by gender, race/ethnicity, and school grade. Linear and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine whether adolescents’ perceptions of school support predicted their depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and psychosomatic health complaints, controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and grade. Results showed that adolescents’ perceptions of school support significantly predicted their depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and psychosomatic health complaints when controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and grade. Findings of this study highlight the need for practices to increase social support to all students especially those who may be at risk for mental health problems.
Keywords: Depression, Anxiety, Self-esteem, Psychosomatic Health Complaints, School Support
Guía para la elaboración de TFG de Marketing: consultoría de grupo
No full textGuía para el Trabajo Fin de Grado de Marketing
Impact of a longitudinal course on medical professionalism on the empathy of medical students
No full textObjective: Medical education should enhance empathy. We examined, using self-assessment instruments and
standardized patients (SPs), the impact on empathy, of a multi-year intervention (years 4–6 of medical training)
that uses reflective learning approaches.
Methods: 241 final-year medical students participated; 110 from the 2018 graduation class (non-intervention
group) and 131 from the 2019 graduation class (intervention group). Participants completed two self-reported
empathy questionnaires – the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Students (JSE-S) and the Interpersonal Reactivity
Index (IRI) – and a personality questionnaire, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Additionally, SPs in a simulated
station assessed participants’ empathy with two patient-reported instruments: the Consultation and Relational
Empathy (CARE) scale and the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE).
Results: Empathy scores were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the non-intervention
group when assessed by the SP (p < 0.001). No differences were found in self-reported questionnaires between the two groups.
Conclusion: A longitudinal, multi-year reflection-based intervention enhanced empathy amongst medical students
as assessed by SPs, but not when assessed by student self-reported measures.
Practice Implications: Multi-year reflective learning interventions during clinical training nurture empathy in
medical students. Assessments completed by SPs or patients may enhance the evaluation of empathy
(Reseña) Spinoza and the Philosophy of Love/ Michael Strawser
No full textReseña de: Spinoza and the Philosophy of Love/ Michael Strawser, London, Lexington Books, 2021, 204 pp., ISBN 978-1-7936-2859-
Aggregation of fuzzy graphs
No full textOur study is centered on the aggregation of fuzzy graphs, looking for conditions under which the aggregation process yields another fuzzy graph. We conduct an in-depth analysis of the preservation of several important properties and structures inherent to fuzzy graphs, like paths, cycles, or bridges. In addition we obtain appropriate criteria for when the aggregation of complete fuzzy graphs is again a complete fuzzy graph
Mobile app/web platform for monitoring food oral immunotherapy in children: longitudinal clinical validation study
No full textBackground: Milk and egg allergies significantly impact the quality of life, particularly in children. In this regard, food oral immunotherapy (OIT) has emerged as an effective treatment option; however, the occurrence of frequent adverse reactions poses a challenge, necessitating close monitoring during treatment.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the ability of a new mobile/web app called OITcontrol to monitor milk and egg OIT.
Methods: Patients undergoing milk or egg OIT were recruited and divided into 2 groups: the active group used the OITcontrol app in conjunction with standard written monitoring methods, whereas the control group relied solely on written diaries. Investigators documented hospital doses, hospital reactions, and administered treatments on the website. Patients recorded their daily allergen home-dose intake, home reactions, and administered treatments using the app. The following variables were compared between both groups: number and severity of hospital and reported home reactions, patient's adhesion to the OITcontrol app or written diary or both in terms of daily home-dose intake and home reactions recording, and treatment and dose adjustment compliance at home in case of reaction.
Results: Sixteen patients were assigned to be monitored using the OITcontrol app along with additional written methods (active group), while 14 patients relied solely on a written paper diary (control group). A similar distribution was observed in terms of sex, age, basal characteristics, allergen treated in OIT, premedication, and sensitization profile. Active patients reported a comparable number of hospital and home reactions compared with the control group. In terms of recording system usage, 13/16 (81%) active patients used the OITcontrol app, while 10/14 (71%) control patients relied on the written diary. Among active patients, 6/16 (38%) used both methods, and 1 active patient used only written methods. However, control patients recorded home reactions more frequently than active patients (P=.009). Among active patients, the app was the preferred method for recording reactions (59/86, 69%), compared with the written diary (15/86, 17%) or both methods (12/86, 14%; P<.001). Treatment compliance in home-recorded reactions was similar between both groups (P=.15). However, treatment indications after an adverse reaction were more frequently followed (P=.04) in reactions recorded solely in the app (36/59, 61%) than in the written diary (29/71, 41%) or both systems (4/12, 33%). Moreover, compliance with dose adjustments after a moderate-severe reaction in home-recorded reactions was higher in the active group than in the control group (P<.001). Home reactions recorded only in the app (16/19, 84%) were more likely to follow dose adjustments (P<.001) than those recorded in the written diary (3/20, 15%) or using both methods (2/3, 67%).
Conclusions: The OITcontrol app appears to be a valuable tool for monitoring OIT treatment in children with food allergies. It proves to be a suitable method for recording daily home dose intakes and reactions, and it seems to enhance adherence to treatment indications following an adverse reaction as well as compliance with dose adjustments in home reactions. However, additional studies are necessary to comprehensively grasp the benefits and limitations of using the OITcontrol app in the management of OIT
Predicted vitamin D levels and risk of depression in the SUN Project: A prospective cohort study
No full textThe current study aimed to investigate the association between predicted vitamin D status and depression in a
prospective Spanish cohort of university graduates. The SUN Project is a dynamic cohort study designed to
investigate multiple aspects of health and lifestyle. Participants were asked to complete a comprehensive
questionnaire consisting of 556 items, that included a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Participants
initially free of depression were classified as incident cases if they reported a medical diagnosis of depression
during follow-up. Serum vitamin D levels were predicted by a previously validated equation. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as vitamin D levels below 20 ng/mL. Cox models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios
(HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We included 15,175 Spanish university graduates [mean (SD) age:
36.9 year (11.5)] followed-up for a median of 12.7 years. Among 192,976 person-years of follow-up, we identified 753 incident cases of depression. Participants with vitamin D deficiency had a 27% higher risk of
depression as compared to those with vitamin D sufficiency (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.09–1.48; p = 0.002) after
adjusting for potential confounders. Furthermore, a significant effect modification by female sex was observed
with higher depression risks associated with vitamin D deficiency in women than in men (p for interaction =
0.034). In educated middle-aged Spanish adults, we observed a direct association between vitamin D deficiency
and the risk of depression, that was stronger among women
Ut sciant et intellegant digne cogitare de Christo. Una hermenéutica a partir de De corpore et sanguine Domini y Epistola ad Fredugardum de Pascasio Radberto
No full textEste trabajo doctoral ofrece la primera traducción a la lengua española de las obras: De corpore et sanguine Domini y Epistola ad Fredugardum de Pascasio Radberto, abad de Corbie (790-859). La edición, bilingüe latín-español, contiene además un actualizado apparatus fontium que recoge los testimonios de autoridad empleados por el autor en su obra. A la traducción le antecede un contexto histórico-teológico sobre el tiempo, la vida y la obra de Pascasio Radberto, y los estudios sobre este autor. Asimismo, la edición es acompañada de un estudio teológico sobre el método hermenéutico que Pascasio emplea en su elaboración teológica. Un método hermenéutico que, a partir del estudio del lenguaje conceptual transmitido, se muestra de índole sacramental y eucarística.This doctoral work offers the first translation into the Spanish language of the works: De corpore et sanguine Domini and Epistola ad Fredugardum by Paschasius Radbertus, abbot of Corbie (ca. 790-859). The edition, bilingual Latin-Spanish, also contains an updated apparatus fontium that collects the authoritative testimonies used by the author in his work. The translation is preceded by a historical-theological context about the time, life, work of Paschasius Radbertus, and studies on this author. Likewise, the edition is accompanied by a theological study on the hermeneutical method that Paschasius uses in his theological elaboration. A hermeneutical method which, based on the study of the transmitted conceptual language, appears to be sacramental and eucharistic in nature