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Teaching, assessment and best practice in undergraduate psychiatry education in the UK: cross-sectional survey
No full textWe conducted a cross-sectional survey to examine how undergraduate psychiatry is taught and assessed across medical schools in the UK that have at least one cohort of graduated students. In total, 27 medical schools completed the survey. Curriculum coverage of common mental disorders, assessment skills and mental health law was broadly consistent, although exposure to psychiatric subspecialties varied. Significant variation existed regarding the duration of psychiatry placements and availability of enrichment activities. Small-group teaching, lectures and e-learning were the most frequent teaching modalities and various professionals and lived experience educators (patient and/or carers) contributed to teaching. Objective structured clinical examinations and multiple-choice questions dominated assessments. Medical schools should consider increasing students' exposure to different psychiatric subspecialties and integrating physical and mental health training to address comorbidity and promote holistic care. Future research should explore whether specific undergraduate experiences promote greater career interest and skills in psychiatry
An ICT-based framework for innovative integration between BIM and lean practices obtaining smart sustainable cities
No full textSmart sustainable cities rely on the latest technologies and apply recent knowledge like Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), BIM, and lean construction to expand people's eminence of life, smooth urban maneuvers and facilities more competent, and develop their competitiveness while confirming that they achieve the economic, social, environmental, and cultural demands of current and forthcoming generations. This paper explores the synergies between Building Information Modelling (BIM) visualisation and Lean construction practices to enhance Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry performance. A structured questionnaire was distributed among BIM and lean experts and analysed by SPSS. The study uses descriptive and correlation analyses to assess ten key lean practices, revealing high industry adoption and favorable mean scores. Notably, BIM-enhanced clash detection and coordination lead with a score of 4.4 out of 5. Correlation analysis establishes significant positive associations between BIM visualisation and practices such as just-in-time production, value stream mapping, lean pull systems, work sequencing, standardised work, and continuous improvement. The findings accentuate the pivotal role of BIM in optimising lean practices, offering valuable insights for practitioners seeking to elevate AEC industry performance through strategic integration. Future studies endeavors are recommended to investigate several alternative avenues to enhance the integration between BIM and Lean practices in the AEC industry. Furthermore, the forthcoming researchers are advised to validate the proposed framewor
Identity crisis? Perceptions of the Trainee Nursing Associates and Registered Nursing Associates professional identity A phenomenological study
No full textThe National Health Service (NHS) Workforce roles have undergone changes since 1948 such as the ‘Auxiliary Nurse’ (1960), ‘State Enrolled Nurse’ (1960’s) ‘Clinical Nurse Specialist’ (1970), ‘Nurse Consultant’ (2000) and ‘Nursing Associate’ (2017). This thesis focuses on the Nursing Associate (NA) role introduced following the Shape of Caring Review (2015) recommendation for a Foundation Degree development route for unregulated support workers to bridge the gap between the RN and the Healthcare Assistant. The Nursing Associate role was piloted in 2017 by Health Education England and acquired registered status by the Nursing and Midwifery Council in 2019.The argument of this thesis is that the NAs experience a professional identity crisis about how their role is understood and therefore used within the workforce leading to differences in deployment. It reports a phenomenological enquiry exploring the professional identity of the Trainee nursing associate (TNAs) and registered NAs. The findings represent five themes that are used to explain the crisis of identity and belonging within a ‘no man’s land’ that results in movement either progressing to an RN role or leaving healthcare work altogether.The implication of this study is that for the NA professional identity to be stable it requires acceptance from other professionals and facilitated by broader education to the healthcare workforce about the role. Recommendations include: 1. the NMC considering defining the scope of practice for NAs as the regulatory body, 2. Utilising social media to enhance the awareness of the NA role and 3. Implementing professional identity workshops pre and post registration
Innovative start-ups in agriculture The effects of establishing agripreneurship via social entrepreneurship for youths in the South-Eastern Nigeria
No full textSouth-eastern Nigeria is beset by a challenging socio-economic climate and a grave dearth of socialentrepreneurship knowledge among its youths. The region's rising youth unemployment rate hasexacerbated crime, drug abuse, kidnapping, suicide, and urban migration. Hence, small andmedium enterprises (SMEs) serve as catalysts for sustained economic development; this concernexposes south-eastern Nigeria to an economic vulnerability. A significant body of literature existson entrepreneurship in general; however, the congruence between social entrepreneurship and theIgbo apprenticeship system in southeast Nigeria is comparatively understudied in comparison tothe literature devoted to Western nations.Training in social entrepreneurship and utilising the Igbo apprenticeship system in the agricultureindustry across the five south-eastern states of Nigeria has the potential to curb youthunemployment. This study aimed to investigate how young individuals in south-eastern Nigeriamay develop social entrepreneurial skills for self-employment in the agricultural sector.Qualitative approaches were employed to conduct participant semi-structured interviews and focusgroups. The purposeful sample consisted of 50 participants, including ten unemployed youths, tenapprentices, ten self-employed youths, and ten entrepreneurs with experience in self-employmentacross various industries and entrepreneurial skills. One interview had five lawmakers and fivefocus group participants.Thematic analysis was employed to evaluate the data and identify themes. The key themesanalysed were mentoring, vocational training, mentor-mentee relationships, the Igboapprenticeship system, venture capital, teamwork, self-employment, and financial independence.The study indicated that youths who participated in Igbo apprenticeship, mentoring, and vocationaltraining programmes, along with venture capital, were more successful entrepreneurs. It highlightsthe importance of promoting social entrepreneurship, Igbo apprenticeship system and emphasisesthe role of non-governmental organisations in empowering young agripreneurs to drive socialtransformation. This research highlights specific traits, contributing to the knowledge ofcontemporary entrepreneurship by elucidating the distinct social, cultural, and entrepreneurialenvironment in south-eastern Nigeria
Coming of age: the assistant practitioner role 21 years on
No full textIn 2023, a milestone was reached, marking 21 years of education, training and development of the assistant practitioner (AP) role at the University of Bolton. This is the first of two articles looking at the development of the assistant practitioner (AP) role in the north-west of England and the involvement of the University of Bolton in it over the past 21 years. It looks at the history and background of the programme at Bolton, from the first cohort in 2002 to the present apprenticeship programme for assistant practitioners in health
Implementing blockchain in human resource management for enhanced data privacy and regulatory compliance
No full texthe suggested answer, called Blockchain-Enhanced Safe HR Management (BESHRM), updates human resource management to the modern era by using blockchain technology to make data safer and more in line with rules. Here is a brief explanation of each of BESHRM's three main tactics. Blockchain Identity Protection (BIP), CSC, and Document Asset Management (DAM) are a few examples. Using secure hashing keeps BIP workers' names safe, and smart contracts make sure that CSC is following the rules of ethics. People who work for DAM use open tracking to make sure that the information they collect about human resources is correct. We are looking into the models and flowcharts that are used for the processes that are usually thought to be standard in the field of human resource management
Empowering Public-Private Partnerships: A Reference Framework for Advancing Sustainable Waste Management in the Circular Industry Economy A Case Study – The Emirate of Ajman, UAE
No full textAs the global economy faces environmental crises due to the unsustainable natureof the linear economy model, small states consider it urgent to manage industrialwaste effectively towards sustainability and circular industry economy creation inthe wake of rapid industrialisation. This study explores sustainable wastemanagement (SWM) and empirically supports and validates the role of publicprivate partnerships (PPPs) empowerment in sustainability and the creation of acircular industry economy in small states, considering the case of the Emirate ofAjman. Commencing with a systematic literature review (SLR), the study builds onthe sustainable reverse logistics theory to arrive at a framework of reference thatcements the interconnection between PPP, sustainable waste management, andcircular industry economy. A mixed complex methodology is adopted, consideringthree layers of empirical fieldwork: the exploration of the extent to which sustainablewaste management may be defined to fulfil the dimensions of economic, social, andenvironmental aspects, the establishment of survey evidence in support of theextent to which public-private partnerships may be empowered to support thecreation of a circular industry economy through sustainable waste management ofindustrial waste generation, and the validation of the empirically establishedframework in empowering public-private partnerships to support the creation of acircular industry economy through sustainable industrial waste management,respectively. All three fieldworks engaged the population of Ajman Municipality andPlanning Department as the government organising body for waste management inthe Emirate [n = 180 knowledge workers directly associated with wastemanagement], 910 industries that generate waste [n = 22,980 registeredemployees], and two private businesses in the industrial waste management sector[n = 145 registered employees]. The first fieldwork, involving a case study, revealedsalient factors in all three areas of environmental, social and economic wastemanagement sustainability across industries. The second fieldwork, involvingsurvey research, supports that environmental, economic, and social objectivessuccessfully define sustainable waste management in small states. The surveyfindings also support the role of PPP in SWM and circular economy, as well as therole of sustainable waste management in circular industrial economy, given that p <0.05. Firm evidence was established in the validation of fieldwork one and twoempirical observations through fieldwork three, which involved a case study of asingle plastic industry in the Ajman Emirate. A framework for the sustainablemanagement of industrial waste generation is proposed, building on theempowerment of public-private partnerships towards the creation of a circularindustry economy. Unique contributions to knowledge are made in definingsustainable waste management from economic, social, and environmentalperspectives using a 16-indicator model and empirical evidence that explains theunderlying relationship between Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), sustainablewaste management and circular economy practice. It is recommended that theAjman government exploit SWM as a mediator for PPP empowerment to create acircular industrial economy
Enhance intrusion detection in IoT networks using hybrid machine learning techniques
No full textThis paper presents a novel Intrusion Detection System (IDS) framework for securing Internet of Things (IoT) networks, leveraging advanced machine learning techniques. The proposed framework integrates Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms to enhance detection accuracy and robustness. Utilising the comprehensive CICIoT2023 dataset, the IDS model is rigorously trained and evaluated, demonstrating high efficacy in detecting and mitigating potential threats. However, the results also reveal shortcomings in detecting certain attack categories, such as command injection and SQL injection, indicating areas for further refinement. These findings contribute to the advancement of IoT security through the application of advanced machine learning techniques, while also highlighting the need for continued research to address identified shortcomings
Identifying the role of active learning toward employee skill development and product development processes (A qualitative case study of digital start-ups in Indonesia)
No full textThe biggest challenge faced by digital start-ups is balancing internal new product development processes with rapid technological advancement. Therefore, organizations require a strategic approach to managing their employees' learning and experimentation processes in the workplace. Specifically, the active learning approach is known to enhance individuals' experimental learning in the workplace. Accordingly, our research aims to investigate the critical dimensions of active learning using a qualitative case study. We collected data through semi-structured interviews, obtaining insights from 17 managers across three digital start-ups in Indonesia. We obtained a thematic analysis to identify key dimensions within the employee's active learning. Furthermore, we conducted theoretical triangula-tion to ensure the validity of the data. Our findings indicate that active learning is essential for improving individuals' skill development, thereby aiding in the new product development process. Additionally , our analysis identifies four critical dimensions within the active learning mechanism
The Short and Long-term Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health and Education of University Students.
No full textBackgroundAlready a population who are susceptible to poor mental health, university students have encountered additional stressors and challenges as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and are considered to be an at-risk population. Early research revealed that university students were struggling to cope with the stress and demands of the pandemic, exhibiting increased anxiety and depression, even early into the pandemic. However, current literature is limited in its theoretical and methodological approach. A more comprehensive and meaningful picture of university student’s mental health is necessary, that captures a broader picture of how university students have coped at different stages of the pandemic. The aim of this research is to understand the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health and education of university students.MethodsThis research was underpinned by third-wave positive psychology, the “two continua” model and the salutogenic approach to offer a more comprehensive picture of university students mental health and learning experiences throughout Covid-19. This research adopted a mixed-methods design including four distinct studies, including a cross-national comparison (n=2006) of mental health between students from the UK, Germany, Italy and Spain at the early stages of the pandemic. A one-year longitudinal study of n=554 university students in the UK was conducted, collecting data at four time points throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, between May 2020 and May 2021. Data was collected through an online survey, using four standardised measures of psychological distress (CORE-10), generalised anxiety (GAD-7), flourishing (PERMA-Profiler) and personal well-being (ONS-4). Finally, a qualitative study of n=19 university students in the UK was carried out, using semi-structured interviews to explore learning experiences and educational impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic.FindingsStudy 1 revealed several significant geographic differences in terms of students’ mental health and attitudes towards Covid-19 between students from the UK, Germany, Italy and Spain. Findings from the longitudinal research (Study 2 and 3) revealed that the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a significant, negative impact on the mental health of students. Over the course of the pandemic, psychological distress increased, flourishing decreased, and generalised anxiety decreased overall, but fluctuated at different points in relation to the different phases of the pandemic. Findings from a qualitative study (Study 4), revealed seven themes: (1) A lack of engagement with online learning; (2) A lack of practical learning opportunities; (3) Changes to exams; (4) Changes to academic support; (5) Limited socialisation and relationships with peers; (6) Implications for health and well-being; (7) Uncertainty and Impacts for the future.ConclusionStudents are suffering from prolonged and exceedingly high levels of psychological distress and anxiety, and levels of flourishing and personal well-being in students are still worryingly low. More needs to be done to protect the mental health of university students. Positivity during the Covid-19 pandemic was seemingly related to less severe mental distress, warranting further investigation. Harnessing flourishing mental health, through the use of Positive Psychology Interventions (PPI), and encouraging healthy coping strategies to rely on in times of need could prove to be beneficial, particularly when mental health issues are expected to persist beyond Covid-19. There were severe educational impacts faced by students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Digitised learning will continue to grow and become more mainstream among higher education degree courses. New educational tools must be developed and properly embedded in order to cater for this transition towards blended learning, tackling obstacles related to accessibility, inclusion and engagement