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Fuzzy-based prediction for suddenly expanded axisymmetric nozzle flows with microjets
No full textThe current research focuses on the implementation of the fuzzy logic approach for the prediction of base pressure as a function of the input parameters. The relationship of base pressure (β) with input parameters, namely, Mach number (M), nozzle pressure ratio (η), area ratio (α), length to diameter ratio (ξ ), and jet control (ϑ) is analyzed. The precise fuzzy modeling approach based on Takagi and Sugeno’s fuzzy system has been used along with linear and non-linear type membership functions (MFs), to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed model. Additionally, the generated models were tested with 20 test cases that were different from the training data. The proposed fuzzy logic method removes the requirement for several trials to determine the most critical input parameters. This will expedite and minimize the expense of experiments. The findings indicate that the developed model can generate accurate prediction
A novel ensemble based model for Intrusion Detection System
No full textIn the present interconnected world, the increasing reliance on computer networks has made them susceptible to multiple security threats and intrusions. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) is essential for shielding these networks by detecting and mitigating potential threats in real-time. This research paper presents an in-depth study of employing the Random Forest algorithm for building an effective intrusion detection System. The proposed IDS uses the power of the Random Forest algorithm, a popular ensemble learning technique, to detect various types of intrusions in network traffic effectively. The algorithm integrates more than one decision trees to produce a robust and accurate classifier, capable of handling large-scale and complex datasets typical of network traffic. The proposed system can be used in various industries and sectors to protect critical assets, ensuring the uninterrupted operation of computer networks. Evolving cyber threats have encouraged further research into ensemble analytics methods to increase the resilience of Intrusion Detection Systems in an ever-changing threat landscape
Prevalence and burden of loneliness in COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textLoneliness poses significant public health concerns on a global scale. Being alone and lacking social connections have been proven to impact prognosis and response to treatment in different diseases, including COPD. Yet, the prevalence and burden of loneliness on COPD outcomes remain unclear.
Various relevant databases were systematically searched in March 2024. The quality of the studies included was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The random effect model was used to compute the pooled prevalence and associated 95 % confidence intervals (95%CI) of loneliness and living alone in COPD patients.
After reviewing 256 studies, 11 studies, including 4644 COPD patients, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of the included studies, 5/11 (45.5%) reported the prevalence of loneliness or lone living among COPD patients and were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of loneliness and lone living among COPD patients was 32% (95% CI = 16%–48%) and 29% (95% CI = 16%–41%), respectively. The Three-item UCLA loneliness scale was the most often used loneliness assessment tool (5/11, 45.5%). Loneliness and lone living were associated with poor outcomes, including emergency department visits, readmissions, depression, and reduced pulmonary rehabilitation response.
Despite one-third of COPD patients experiencing loneliness, researchers have not consistently documented its impact on COPD outcomes. More studies are needed to assess the impact of loneliness on COPD and how to mitigate the negative effects on patients’ outcomes.
•Loneliness and lone living are highly prevalent in people living with COPD.•Loneliness and lone living negatively affect patients' outcomes and responses to interventions.•Creating a standard methodology for investigating and reporting loneliness in COPD is essential for data synthesis and future recommendations.•For researchers, how does COPD progression affect loneliness?•For researchers, how does loneliness affect HRQoL, symptoms, and function of people living with COPD
Homelessness: challenges and opportunities in the "new normal"
No full textPurpose: This paper - the final paper of a series of three - aims to discuss the implications of the findings from a service user needs assessment of people experiencing homelessness in the Northwest of England. It will expand on the previous paper by offering a more detailed analysis and discussion of the identified key themes and issues. The service user needs assessment was completed as part of a review of local service provision in the Northwest of England against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured questionnaires were administered and used by health-care professionals to collect data from individuals accessing the Homeless and Vulnerable Adults Service (HVAS) in Bolton. The questionnaires included a section exploring Adverse Childhood Experiences. Data from 100 completed questionnaires were analysed to better understand the needs of those accessing the HVAS. Findings: Multiple deprivations including extensive health and social care needs were identified within the cohort. Meeting these complex needs was challenging for both service users and service providers. This paper will explore key themes identified by the needs assessment and draw upon further comments from those who participated in the data-gathering process. The paper discusses the practicalities of responding to the complex needs of those with lived experience of homelessness. It highlights how a coordinated partnership approach, using an integrated service delivery model can be both cost-effective and responsive to the needs of those often on the margins of our society. Research limitations/implications: Data collection during the COVID-19 pandemic presented a number of challenges. The collection period had to be extended whilst patient care was prioritised. Quantitative methods were used, however, this limited the opportunity for service user involvement and feedback. Future research could use qualitative methods to address this balance and use a more inclusive approach. Practical implications: This study illustrates that the needs of the homeless population are broad and varied. Although the population themselves have developed different responses to their situations, their needs can only be fully met by a co-ordinated, multi-agency, partnership response. An integrated service model can help identify, understand, and meet the needs of the whole population and individuals within it to improve healthcare for a vulnerable population. Social implications: This study highlighted new and important findings around the resilience of the homeless population and the significance of building protective factors to help combat the multiplicity of social isolation with both physical and mental health problems. Originality/value: The discussion provides an opportunity to reflect on established views in relation to the nature and scope of homelessness. The paper describes a contemporary approach to tackling current issues faced by those experiencing homelessness in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations for service improvements will include highlighting established good practices including embedding a more inclusive/participatory approach
Sustainable and optimized power solution using hybrid energy system
No full textThis research study aims to develop and implement a sustainable and effective power solution for metropolises with a power demand ranging from 2.5 to 25 MW. The primary objective is to create a hybrid energy system (HES) that integrates various power sources, such as fuel cells and solar photovoltaic (PV), with the existing utility grid, thereby satisfying energy needs while minimizing dependency on conventional fuel-based energy sources like coal and oil. To achieve this, a thorough examination of the energy demand, availability of renewable resources, and current power infrastructure is conducted. This examination focuses on optimizing the design of the HES by considering critical factors such as grid integration, power generation capacity, energy storage capacity, and control strategies. The feasibility and performance of the proposed HES are assessed using a combination of simulation tools, mathematical modeling, and system analysis methodologies. The study carefully evaluates key factors such as system efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness to ensure a durable and economically viable solution. The abstract of this study emphasizes the main quantitative findings, such as a 25% decrease in energy costs and a 30% boost in overall system efficiency, positioning the HES as an attractive choice for sustainable energy management. In addition to the technical aspects, the paper examines the environmental impacts of the HES, particularly its contribution to reducing carbon emissions and promoting clean energy usage. The research seeks to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of the city's energy supply by reducing reliance on fossil fuels, paving the way for a transition to more resilient and sustainable energy solutions. The findings underscore the potential benefits of incorporating renewable energy resources into the existing system, which could lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions, increased energy independence, and improved energy security for the city or facility
“The shipwrecks are coming back now”: Body, colonialism, and war in an interview with Professor Berenice Bento
No full textEsta é uma entrevista feita com a Professora Berenice Bento, da Universidade de Brasília, realizada em 17 de agosto de 2023. Comentamos os 20 anos de sua tese A Reinvenção do Corpo, agora livro na sua terceira edição. Além disso, Berenice apresentou pesquisas e militância em andamento que serão publicadas nos seus novos livros, Dispositivo sionista e seus descontentes: Histórias de pessoas judias antissionistas e Abjeção: a construção histórica do racismo. Berenice analisa a história e a atualidade das relações coloniais e práticas de guerra e extermínio impostas por países europeus e seus aliados contra populações colonizadas e oprimidas, com destaque para o papel do corpo como meio de disputa, regulação e confronto. Valendo-se de uma abordagem interseccional, Berenice discute raça, gênero, sexualidade, idade, classe e política, fazendo um chamado para ação política e de pesquisa para pessoas acadêmicas
Augmented and Virtual Reality Devices Sentiment Dataset Generation and Analysis
No full textDespite the preponderance of sentiment corpora in different domains in technology, there remains a gap in finding such sentiment data in the domain of Augmented/Virtual Reality. In this paper, we created a Corpora of Sentiments based on AR/VR Headsets and in the process we were able to extract specific pain-points for AR/VR enthusiasts and users. We believe that this corpora and it's subsequent corpus can be used for further sentiment analysis which would aid product development and innovation in the realm of AR/VR especially as it relates to AR/VR headsets
Perspectives of mental health professionals on kinship care for persons with mental illness in Ghana
No full textGlobally, people with mental illness are more likely to present poor social, health and economic outcomes than the general population. While formal mental health services have been integral to the wellbeing of these vulnerable individuals, the relevance of kinship support in their lives cannot be overemphasized. Mental health practitioners play a crucial role in navigating the complex dynamics inherent in family relationships when mental illness is present. As such, their perspectives could shed light on the intricate dynamics of kinship care and emphasize the need for tailored interventions that address the diverse issues within familial contexts. In this qualitative study, the perspectives of twenty mental health professionals on kinship care for persons with severe and persistent mental illness in Ghana were explored. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews and were analyzed via content analysis. The mental health professionals mainly understood kinship care as nuclear and extended family members providing support to their ill relative, albeit mostly with reference to nuclear family support. While kinship was deemed relevant due to the bonds that tie family members, some drawbacks were noted. When working with patients and their families, mental health professionals are expected to assess the availability of kinship support from the patient's perspective in collaboration with the family members before deciding whether to integrate kinship into their support services
The positive psychology of laughter and humour
No full textHumour is officially recognized in positive psychology as one of the 24 'character strengths'. However, laughter has an uneasy relationship with positive psychology, despite being key to communicating joy and happiness.The Positive Psychology of Laughter and Humour corrects this disconnect by combining academic insight with real-world experience. Drawing on the authors' diverse backgrounds and expertise, this is the first academic volume dedicated to the rarely discussed topic of laughter and humour in positive psychology.Freda Gonot-Schoupinsky, Merv Neal and Jerome Carson demonstrate how laughter and humour differ, and how both can be applied within positive psychology to boost mood and maintain positive outcomes.The Positive Psychology of Laughter and Humour includes case studies and real-world insight as well as providing a methodological and theoretical background to the topic, giving rigorous theoretical and methodological insight for researchers, and including pedagogical sections in each chapter useful for teachers and researchers
