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Design factors in building a compassion intervention
No full textCompassion in nursing is an important moral virtue that forms the basis of ethical guidelines for practice (Dietze & Orb, 2000; Armstrong, 2000). However, identified compassion failures (UK) (Francis, 2013) have led to a renewed interest in championing it across nurse education programs. Debate exists as to whether compassion is an innate quality or something that can actually be taught (Bray et al, 2014; Johnson, 2013). Some argue that it can be taught combined with reflective practice, and should be even though evidence exists of it being overlooked in preregistration education (Benbow, 2016; Bramley & Matiti, 2014; Sinclair et al., 2010).This paper reports on the design considerations for a self-evaluation online tool (built using Articulate) incorporating a compassionate strengths scale and patient case scenarios to assist nursing students in developing their strengths of compassion. The compassion strengths scale is employed as a tool for learners to self-evaluate areas where their compassion is strong and areas where development can occur. In this way it focus on what learners have rather than a deficit approach to build on the strong qualities and grow in areas where it is less so. A reference group of students also inform the content development and evaluate the functionality of the tool. The design is research informed (primary research) and pedagogically designed around a reflective model and collaboratively developed with academic, student and patient group contributions.The purpose of the tool is to be used as an online curriculum intervention blended with classroom teaching content. Compassion is relevant all nursing practice and the tool is designed to include discipline specific case examples. It facilitates accessible education at a time place and pace according to learner requirements working in practice alongside their learning. The tool supports student’s development of lifelong learning and reflective self-evaluation of their compassion strengths. Overall the design is a unique approach employing content creation software to champion compassion education in nursing practice that could also be a basis for developing an Interprofessional learning approach with a wider stakeholder grou
The Psychology of Borrowing and Over‐Indebtedness
No full textThis chapter first reviews research on the psychology of borrowing, beginning with an outline of changes in borrowing over the years. It then draws on Kamleitner and Kirchler's three‐stage model of the borrowing process, and presents theory and research on the determinants of personal borrowing (stage 1), credit choice processes (stage 2), and subsequent repayment strategies (stage 3). The chapter examines the causes and psychological consequences of over‐indebtedness, and also considers the policy implications of the research reviewed. A growing body of research has shown that being in debt can lead to significant psychological detriment, including depression, stress and anxiety. The reviewed research suggests that helping students to understand credit cost measures such as annual percentage rate of interest (APR) may be particularly important. One way to do this would be via the teaching and learning of an approximate APR formula, essentially drawing attention to APR's relation to the average, rather than the initial loan
Perceptions and development needs of assistant practitioners supporting individuals with dementia
No full textIn the UK there are an estimated 850 000 people living with dementia. The condition costs the NHS £26 billion each year and it is estimated that this amount will treble over the next 30 years. Thus, there is a need for health and social care staff to be increasingly competent in the delivery of care to those living with dementia. The education of staff will improve knowledge and build capability to support and care for individuals with dementia. This research involved 44 assistant practitioners who shared opinions about their preparation for practice in dementia care. Focus groups and questionnaires were used to collect data that were then thematically analysed. The research also considered the assistant practitioner role in relation to workforce development. Key themes were ‘training, awareness and knowledge associated with dementia care’ and ‘the perceptions of the assistant practitioner regarding confidence to support individuals with dementia’. There was role and responsibility protection from staff, for example, doctors and nurses were reluctant to delegate duties to the assistant practitioner. Participants' commentary indicated, however, that they were competent to support service users with dementia, although there were gaps in their experiences. The case study demonstrated the positive achievement of partnership working between a higher education institution and the workplace, which supported the assistant practitioners' learning and development
One-dimensional Z-scheme TiO2/WO3/Pt heterostructures for enhanced hydrogen generation
No full textOne-dimensional Z-scheme TiO2/WO3/Pt heterostructures were fabricated by integrating a facile electrospinning technique and subsequent annealing in air. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, were used to characterize the as-fabricated samples. The results showed that the H2-generation of the as-fabricated one-dimensional Z-scheme TiO2/WO3/Pt heterostructures (S2) was greatly enhanced compared with pure TiO2 nanofibers (S0) and TiO2/WO3 nanofibers (S1). The enhanced photocatalyst activities were mainly attributed to the solid-state Z-scheme photosynthetic heterojunction system with Pt nanoparticle as an electron collector and WO3 as a hole collector, leading to effective charge separation on these semiconductors, which were evidenced by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and photocurrent analysis
Implementation of a novel primary care pathway for patients with severe and enduring mental illness.
No full textNew collaborative care models with an emphasis on primary care are required for long-term management of patients with severe and enduring mental illness (SMI). We conducted a descriptive evaluation of clinical outcomes of the first 3 years of a novel enhanced primary care (EPC) service. Data from 2818 patients and staff survey results were analysed.2310 patients were discharged to EPC (508 not assessed as clinically suitable or patients/general practitioners declined the transfer); mean length of stay with secondary care service of the cohort was 9.8 years (range 0–24). 717 patients (31%) have been discharged to primary care only out of the EPC services and 233 patients (10%) have been transferred back to secondary care. Patient and staff satisfaction with the new EPC model was high. No severe untoward incidents were recorded.The data suggest that EPC can be safely provided for a significant proportion of patients with SMI, who traditionally received long-term secondary care support. The novel EPC model can be utilised as a template for the provision of cost-effective, recovery-oriented and non-stigmatising care in the communit
Theoretical and numerical analysis of triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered sensors
No full textRecent developments in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) make self-powered sensors possible and realistic by harvesting waste mechanical energy from the environment. This paper focuses on brief introduction on the basic principles and various working modes of TENGs, theoretical study and numerical analysis on TENGs in contact and sliding working modes. Numerical analysis is conducted using MATLAB for KAPTON-PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate)) TENG models, working on sliding mode and contact mode. The dynamic output characteristics of sliding mode TENG are evaluated with the varying input resistance value and dielectric gap distance
Project finance for construction
No full textThis book is a rare explanation of common construction management activities from a financial point of view. While the practical side of the industry is illustrated here with case studies, the authors also take the time to build up an understanding of balance sheets and P&L accounts before explaining how common tasks like estimating or valuation work from this perspective.Readers of this book will not only learn how to carry out the tasks of a construction cost manager, quantity surveyor or estimator, they will also understand the financial logic behind them, and the motivations that drive senior management. This is an essential book for students of quantity surveying or construction management, and all ambitious practitioners
Synthetic review of service employees’ innovative conduct
No full textPurpose – this paper aims to review the main contributions in the literature on service employees’ role in initiating innovation. By adopting a synthetic approach, we also aim to highlight the variant metaphors denoting service employees’ innovative conduct within the service innovation literature.Design/methodology/approach – the review of literature implicated diversified inclusion criteria when researching multiple databases for scholarly manuscripts; by adopting the synthesis approach to service innovation, it was possible to identify themes of interest that are relevant to service employees’ innovative behaviour in service and management literature.Originality/value – considering the dominance of the synthesis approach to service innovation (Drejer, 2004; Nijssen et al., 2006), the emerging themes within the service innovation literature indicate further evidence of the application of the synthesis perspective. The highlighted main themes of creativity, innovative behaviour and service encounter-based innovation shared a synthesis orientation.The review of the existing body of literature also reflected considerable paucity in empirical studies underpinning service employees’ role in initiating innovation where there is little understanding of the nature and impact of this role. Multiple terminologies exist inconsistently in the service literature denoting service employees’ innovative conduct as the research on the topic continues to evolve.The review outcome also revealed that the present literature doesn’t adequately distinguish between the service industry’s cross-sector differences when determining service employees’ innovative conduct rather it adopts a collective approach that may not be applicable across all service industry subsectors.Practical implications – this paper provides a useful conceptual classification of the body of literature dealing with service employees’ role in initiating innovation that may help guide future research. The review of the literature included in this paper may help connecting the inconsistent metaphors of service employees’ innovative behaviour in the existing literature and highlight the gaps to be addressed by future studies