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Competency 2: Promote Holistic Child Development
No full textThis chapter will focus on child development and how the Early Childhood Graduate Competencies (2020) (with a direct focus on Competency 2) provide a foundation on which to support, promote and facilitate the holistic development of children; this will include reference to Spiritual; Intellectual; Emotional; Social & Physical key definitions. Two (separate) real-life case studies from an education setting and a hospital will be used to support your understanding around Competency 2 (Promote Holistic Development) with reference about how children’s development is affected by hospitalisation i.e. being unwell and undergoing medical/surgical treatments and investigation. Furthermore, there will be a keen focus around unpicking theoretical perspectives with a tighter focus on Bronfenbrenner (1989) about a child’s holistic development and the implications for practice
Perform
No full textThis chapter discusses the performance of visual music. This type of performance can be undertaken by a soloist or ensemble of artists working towards a shared visual music ideal. Commencing with a discussion of the concept of performance and liveness with relevant historical context, the chapter will then consider matters related to visual performance materials, technologies, visual design and performance staging. The design of digital visual instruments is also examined. The chapter concludes with a case study of the performance known as Biphase. It explores the conceptualisation of the project, rehearsal and performance, as well as aesthetic considerations for cohesion between sound and image
Advancing prognostic precision in pulmonary embolism: A clinical and laboratory-based artificial intelligence approach for enhanced early mortality risk stratification
Get PDFBackground
Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a critical medical emergency that necessitates prompt identification and intervention. Accurate prognostication of early mortality is vital for recognizing patients at elevated risk for unfavourable outcomes and administering suitable therapy. Machine learning (ML) algorithms hold promise for enhancing the precision of early mortality prediction in PE patients.
Objective
To devise an ML algorithm for early mortality prediction in PE patients by employing clinical and laboratory variables.
Methods
This study utilized diverse oversampling techniques to improve the performance of various machine learning models including ANN, SVM, DT, RF, and AdaBoost for early mortality prediction. Appropriate oversampling methods were chosen for each model based on algorithm characteristics and dataset properties. Predictor variables included four lab tests, eight physiological time series indicators, and two general descriptors. Evaluation used metrics like accuracy, F1_score, precision, recall, Area Under the Curve (AUC) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, providing a comprehensive view of models' predictive abilities.
Results
The findings indicated that the RF model with random oversampling exhibited superior performance among the five models assessed, achieving elevated accuracy and precision alongside high recall for predicting the death class. The oversampling approaches effectively equalized the sample distribution among the classes and enhanced the models' performance.
Conclusions
The suggested ML technique can efficiently prognosticate mortality in patients afflicted with acute PE. The RF model with random oversampling can aid healthcare professionals in making well-informed decisions regarding the treatment of patients with acute PE. The study underscores the significance of oversampling methods in managing imbalanced data and emphasizes the potential of ML algorithms in refining early mortality prediction for PE patients
‘Irrespective of Community or Creed’: Charity, Solidarity and the 1927 Jericho Earthquake
No full textIn the months after the Jericho earthquake of July 1927,¹ which killed over 250 people in Mandatory Palestine and Transjordan, tables appeared regularly in the English, Arabic and Hebrew newspapers published in Palestine. The lists named those who had donated to the relief fund for victims of the earthquake, alongside the amounts given. Placing the names and sums of charitable donations in the public domain, especially by listing them in newspapers, was not an uncommon practice at the time and was bound up with issues of personal, familial or institutional prestige. As scholars such as Amy Singer, Melanie Tanielian and Keith David Watenpaugh have shown, in the Middle East, as in other societies and cultures, charity and giving was never neutral, but entangled with social and political power, legitimisation and ideology, although the manner of giving and of displaying one’s generosity changed over time and place. A cross-cutting insight is that of Disaster Studies, which proposes that moments of catastrophe, especially rapid and unexpected ones such as an earthquake, offer the chance to observe dynamics in a society which might otherwise lie undiscovered; this chapter thus shifts away from the focus on large-scale poor relief which is the subject especially of Singer and Watenpaugh’s research, but looks instead at the comparatively small but discursively significant example of the Jericho earthquak
Emotional Expression in Children's Drawings of God
Get PDFExperimental psychological research on the expressive aspects of children’s drawings has grown considerably in the last 40 years. It has reported consistently that children use the same expressive techniques as artists, despite varying opinions on how expressive drawing develops in childhood (e.g., U-shaped curve or age incremental patterns). The developmental findings have largely derived from drawing tasks that explicitly ask children to draw an emotion or mood (e.g. happy, sad, angry). Nevertheless, the pervasiveness of expression in children’s drawings is such that we might expect children to spontaneously communicate expressively in drawing tasks that do not specifically request mood. “Drawing God” is such an example due to the potential emotive aspects of the subject, both in terms of the “God Figure” and the potential representation of other subject matter in the drawing. With this in mind, this chapter sets forth two sets of analyses of over 500 children’s drawings from Switzerland, obtained from a sample of 6- to 16-year-olds. First, we report findings from a quantitative study based on artist ratings that the intensity (strength) and valence (negative to positive) of the emotional expression in the drawings varies according to gender and religiosity. Age was not a significant predictor of intensity and only weakly predicted valence. Second, we describe narrative themes derived from our own observations of the dataset, in which all themes consistently indicated the same expressive techniques reported in the psychological experimental literature. Furthermore, despite being asked only to “draw God”, the drawings displayed a wide variety of themes which can be presented as a narrative story of the Christian Gospel
Self & Identity: The Basics
Get PDFThis chapter focuses on the influence of language on one’s self-concept and identity. The first section explains how the language one speaks intersects with other social identities, while also serving as a key identity in and of itself. The second section considers how accents guide interpersonal perceptions and can serve as a basis for discrimination. The final sections give an overview of the role language plays in group processes, with a particular emphasis on how language is used to manage group boundarie
From UFO to UAP the Ontology of Belief Structures - Why Change Now?
No full textThis chapter examines the ontology of belief structures in popular culture surrounding the UFO phenomena. It uses the lens of psychoanalysis and philosophy of play and ludology to examine the symbolic shift from UFO to designating the phenomena as UAP. The chapter concludes that the cultural impact is acutely ludic in nature whether real or unreal the phenomena has a deep and uncanny cultural impact
Violence, grime, gangs and drugs on the south side of Birmingham
No full textOffering an alternative interpretation of the relationship between inner city drug dealing and interpersonal violence, this chapter utilises a combination of ethnographic insights and case studies to conceptualise the myriad, messy and complex realities within Britain’s second city. The chapter argues that much of contemporary criminology frames such issues as being underpinned by the atypical lexicon of gangs, organised crime and most recently drill music. The authors propose, however, that it can better be understood through an understanding of cultural anelpis that pervades the lives of those involved in the often violent and largely unprofitable criminal ventures in some of the most deprived estates
Conclusion to Difficult Death, Dying, and the Dead in Media and Culture
No full textThis chapter concludes the book Difficult Death, Dying and the Dead in Media and Culture. We reflect upon the overall themes of the book, considering the ways in which the public and private converge when we begin to look at the difficulties of death and dying. The chapter looks towards the ways in which we interact with death, dying and the dead through varied media—exploring the concepts of celebrity, online interactions with mortality, the differences and divides between real and fictional death, and audiences’ connections to death as entertainment and distraction. We identify that the recording or capturing of death and reactions to it creates a stasis, with such stasis and ongoing access and potential to revisit images of death presenting a challenge to the concept of privacy when considering loss. We find that death in media and culture is a matter of context, with a personal relationship of navigation and negotiation for each member of the audience often at the centre of experience
More-Than-Civic: Higher Education and Civil Society in Post-Industrial Localities
Get PDFThis chapter suggests debates and dialogues on the civic nature of higher education would benefit greatly from reflecting on and examining the wider responsibilities of universities in relation to economic impact. We discuss how building strong relationships with civil society and creating a civic strategy based on participatory and asset-based community development principles led Staffordshire University to support community action to directly challenge issues of hardship and poverty within its ‘civic region’. We deploy the notion of a ‘civic region’ to capture the networked interventions made by Staffordshire University, primarily in the territorially-bounded Stoke-on-Trent region of North Staffordshire. By bringing into the equation civil society—defined as the sphere in which social movements are active and where challenges of political power and unequal wealth are experienced—we encourage further exploration of what we would term ‘being more-than-civic’
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