Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece
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Understanding the spread of agriculture in the Western Mediterranean (6th-3rd millennia BC) with Machine Learning tools
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Localized glutamine leakage drives the spatial structure of root microbial colonization
No full textPlant roots release exudates to encourage microbiome assembly, which influences the function and stress resilience of plants. How specific exudates drive spatial colonization patterns remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that endodermal Casparian strips-forming the root's extracellular diffusion barrier-restrict nutrient leakage into the rhizosphere, coinciding with and controlling spatial colonization patterns of rhizobacteria. We find that vasculature-derived glutamine leakage is a major bacterial chemoattractant and enhancer of proliferation, defining a previously unknown pathway for root exudate formation. Bacteria defective in amino acid chemoperception display reduced attraction toward leakage sites, and roots with Casparian strip defects display bacterial overproliferation, dependent on bacterial capacity for amino acid metabolization. Associated chronic immune stimulation suggests that endodermal nutrient restriction is crucial for regulating microbial colonization and assembly, limiting excessive proliferation that could compromise plant health
Accuracy of the smartphone blood pressure measurement solution OptiBP to track blood pressure changes in pregnant women
No full textDisentangling the feedback loops driving spatial patterning in microbial communities.
No full textThe properties of multispecies biofilms are determined by how species are arranged in space. How these patterns emerge is a complex and largely unsolved problem. Here, we synthesize the known factors affecting pattern formation, identify the interdependencies and feedback loops coupling them, and discuss approaches to disentangle their effects. Finally, we propose an interdisciplinary research program that could create a predictive understanding of pattern formation in microbial communities
[Digital treatment of fibromyalgia]
No full textFibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome associated with a substantial physical and psychological burden. The effectiveness of pharmacological treatment is limited, whereas nonpharmacological self-management strategies, such as exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based approaches, are recommended. These can increasingly be delivered as online programs and significantly improve access to these forms of treatment.
Based on the current evidence, the aim of this article is to review how self-management approaches for fibromyalgia are digitally implemented via apps and how these could be further developed using, for example, wearables, artificial intelligence (AI) models and chatbots.
Existing digital applications for fibromyalgia and novel concepts were evaluated. As an example, the authors' own app, the patient organiser and companion system (POCOS), with and without an AI-based chatbot, was discussed in patient focus groups.
Increasingly available digital apps for fibromyalgia currently focus primarily on psychoeducational content, whereas exercise programs and multimodal concepts are less frequently integrated, despite their evidence base and patient demand. Clinical trials have demonstrated positive effects for certain online programs. Focus groups emphasized the need for personalized, low threshold and user-friendly app designs. The use of AI-powered chatbots in this context is both feasible and desired but requires well-defined content and regulatory frameworks. On a diagnostic level, machine learning can be used to identify distinct fibromyalgia types, which can support personalized treatment.
The digital treatment of fibromyalgia is both feasible and effective but requires consistent evidence-based implementation, active participation of people with fibromyalgia, technical interoperability and a sensitive design approach tailored to this heterogeneous patient population.
© 2025. The Author(s)
The usability of robotic-assisted systems for total knee arthroplasty can be improved without hindering the accuracy of the bone cuts.
No full textThis study assessed the bone cuts accuracy of a robotic-assisted system for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) that was recently upgraded.
Three orthopaedic surgeons planned and executed TKA on 24 sawbones. Bone cut accuracy was assessed using CT scans, comparing the planning and the actual bone cuts in all six degrees-of-freedom.
The root-mean-square (RMS) values were below 2 mm or 2° for all error types, except for the medio-lateral position (2.4 mm) and internal-external rotation (2.3°) of the left tibias. The maximal amplitude of the 288 errors (6 degrees-of-freedom * 2 bones * 24 knees) was observed in tibial external rotation (3.2°). Most error types reported a bias, with limited variations among knees.
The errors were in the same range as those of the prior version of the system, suggesting that the improvements brought by the system upgrade were not obtained at the expense of accuracy
To ski or not to ski? A meta-analysis of more than 750,000 upper extremity injuries comparing skiing and snowboarding.
No full textAlpine skiing has seen advancements in equipment since the year 2000, with the appearance of ski carving. Its impact on upper extremity injuries has yet to be proven. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the epidemiology of upper extremity injuries in alpine skiing and snowboarding, its chronological evolution in the last two decades, and the impact of carving.
A systematic search in PubMed was conducted including studies from 1939 to 2024. The search strategy used text words and relevant indexing to identify articles discussing upper extremity injuries associated with those activities while providing statistical and epidemiological data.
77 studies including a total of 764,423 patients were analysed. The most commonly injured upper extremity segments are the shoulder (37%) for skiing and the wrist (36%) for snowboarding. The main upper extremity dislocation is glenohumeral (36%) for skiing and the elbow (46%) for snowboarding. Hand injuries are significantly more prevalent while skiing, but the rest of the upper extremity injuries are significantly more prevalent with snowboarding.
The time trends from the year 2000 and on have shown a significant increase in upper extremity injuries with ski carving. Snowboarding injury epidemiology has not significantly changed in this period