Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece
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The impact of adjuvant radiotherapy on overall survival in spinal low-grade gliomas: a propensity score-matched analysis.
No full textSpinal low-grade gliomas (sLGGs) are a group of tumors that arise from glial cells in the spinal cord. Current evidence supporting the use of adjuvant radiotherapy for the management of sLGG is lacking. We hence aimed to compare overall survival rates in patients receiving surgery alone with those receiving surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy.
The NCDB, a large, nationwide, US-based cancer registry was used. Relevant cases were identified using the following ICD-O-3 histological codes: 9382, 9384, 9400, 9410, 9411, 9420, 9421, 9424, 9425, and 9450, along with the ICD-O-3 topographical codes for spinal meninges (C70.1) and spinal cord (C72.0), excluding spinal ependymomas. Overall survival was the primary outcome. Propensity score matching 1:1 was used to balance the cohorts prior to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
A total of 552 patients were included in the study, with 440 in the surgery alone group and 156 in the surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy group. Patients in the surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy group were significantly older (median age 40.0 vs. 24.0 years, p < 0.001), and exhibited higher proportions of WHO grade 2 tumors (p < 0.001). Adjuvant chemotherapy was more frequently administered in the surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy group (23% vs. 7%, p < 0.001). Overall, adjuvant radiotherapy was not associated with improved survival, with a significantly higher mortality in the radiotherapy group before propensity score matching (p < 0.0001). After matching, the difference in overall survival was no longer significant (p = 0.11).
This study found no significant overall survival benefit associated with the use of adjuvant radiotherapy for spinal low-grade gliomas (sLGG). Although patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy initially demonstrated higher mortality rates, this difference was largely due to confounding factors such as more advanced disease in this group
Corrigendum to "Plasma membrane depolarization reveals endosomal escape incapacity of cell-penetrating peptides" [Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 184 (2023) 13949].
No full textModelling Eurasian lynx populations in Western Europe: What prospects for the next 50 years?
No full textPersistence of populations may be uncertain for large carnivore species, especially for those established in human-dominated landscapes. Here, we studied the Eurasian lynx in Western Europe established in the Upper Rhine meta-population (i.e., Jura, Vosges-Palatinian and Black Forest populations) and the Alpine population. These populations are currently considered endangered or critically endangered due to high anthropogenic mortality, small population size and low genetic diversity, and isolation. We assessed lynx persistence over a 50-year time horizon by implementing a spatially-explicit individual-based model, while accounting for road mortality and habitat selection. Forecasts showed a steady growth rapidly reaching a more stable phase for the Alpine and Jura populations, and a more heterogeneous positive growth with less precision for the Vosges-Palatinian and Black Forest populations. Exchanges of individuals between populations were limited, the Jura population playing the role of a crossroad. Finally, the persistence of lynx in Western Europe seems likely on a large scale over the next 50 years. Indeed, simulations showed high female occupancy as well as average lynx density over the core areas of the four studied populations. Nevertheless, these results should be interpreted with the model limitations in mind, concerning the absence of movement barriers and inbreeding depression
Impact of diabetes mellitus on postoperative complications in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.
No full textEnhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols decrease postoperative complications, but data on their effect on diabetic patients undergoing pancreatectomy are scarce. This study assessed whether diabetes mellitus (DM) was a morbidity predictor after pancreatectomy within an ERAS program.
A cross-sectional study including all patients who underwent pancreatectomy (2012-2022) and followed an ERAS pathway was performed. Multivariable analysis was used to determine whether DM was a morbidity predictor. Association between ERAS compliance and morbidity rate was assessed.
A total of 558 patients were included (266 women, median age 66, median body-mass index 25). Most patients underwent open pancreatoduodenectomy (n=369, 66%). In diabetic patients with overall ERAS compliance≤60 %, morbidity was 38/40 (95%), whereas in diabetic patients with overall ERAS compliance>60 %, it decreased to 37/50 (74%, p=0.008). DM was not found as an independent complication predictor (OR 0.7, 95%CI 0.4-1.2, p=0.186), while body-mass index>25 kg/m 2 and preoperative biliary stenting were preoperative morbidity predictors (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.0-1.1, p=0.049; OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.0-2.5, p=0.044).
This study showed that DM was not associated with postoperative complications after pancreatectomy within an ERAS program. It highlighted the importance of a good ERAS compliance to decrease the risk of postoperative complications in DM patients
Physician's and patient's gender influence on suicide risk assessment: a cross-sectional study
No full textHow Well Does ChatGPT-4o Reason? Expert Evaluation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Performance in Hand Surgery
No full textBackground: The application of large language model (LLM) in surgical decision-making is rapidly expanding, yet its potential in hand and peripheral nerve surgery remains largely unexplored. This study assessed the diagnostic and therapeutic performance of a large language model (ChatGPT-4o) in scenarios characterized by multiple valid management strategies and absent expert consensus. Methods: Three representative cases-thumb carpometacarpal (CMC I) arthritis, scaphoid nonunion, and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)-were developed to reflect frequent conditions in hand surgery with competing but accepted treatment options. Each case was submitted to ChatGPT-4o using a standardized prompt. LLM-generated responses were evaluated by 52 participants (34 board-certified hand surgeons and 18 residents) across diagnostic accuracy, clinical relevance, and completeness. Readability indices, including Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, were analyzed to assess appropriateness for a medical audience. Results: ChatGPT-4o demonstrated coherent but limited diagnostic accuracy (mean 2.9 ± 1.2 SD), moderate clinical relevance (3.5 ± 1.0 SD), and slightly higher completeness (3.4 ± 1.1 SD). Performance was strongest in the standardized scenario (carpal tunnel syndrome, CTS) and weakest in individualized reasoning (CMC I arthritis). No significant differences were observed between experts and residents (p > 0.05). In higher-level reasoning, ChatGPT-4o performed best in CTS and weakest in CMC I arthritis. Readability confirmed professional-level language (mean Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level: 16.4). Conclusions: ChatGPT-4o shows promise as a supportive tool for diagnostic reasoning and surgical education, particularly where standardized frameworks exist. Its limitations in ambiguous scenarios highlight the ongoing need for expert oversight. Future large language model development should emphasize specialty-specific training and context-aware reasoning to enhance their role in surgical decision support
Studying unconscious processing: Contention and consensus.
No full textThe scope of unconscious processing has long been, and still remains, a hotly debated issue. This is driven in part by the current diversity of methods to manipulate and measure perceptual consciousness. Here, we provide ten recommendations and nine outstanding issues about designing experimental paradigms, analyzing data, and reporting the results of studies on unconscious processing. These were formed through dialogue among a group of researchers representing a range of theoretical backgrounds. We acknowledge that some of these recommendations naturally do not align with some existing approaches and are likely to change following theoretical and methodological development. Nevertheless, we hold that at this stage of the field they are instrumental in evoking a much-needed discussion about the norms of studying unconscious processes and helping researchers make more informed decisions when designing experiments. In the long run, we aim for this paper and future discussions around the outstanding issues to lead to a more convergent corpus of knowledge about the extent - and limits - of unconscious processing
Effects of school-based interventions on all 24-hour movement behaviours in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
No full text«Jean Tinguely & Le Corbusier in Swiss Newsreel and Television. Does the medium make the message? »
No full textChimeric tricomposite flap from the second dorsal metacarpal artery
No full textReconstructing multi-tissue defects in the finger remains a significant challenge in hand surgery. We present the case of a 37-year-old man with segmental loss of bone, skin and extensor apparatus on the dorsal aspect of the index finger. A single stage reconstruction was successfully performed using a pedicled chimeric flap based on the second dorsal metacarpal artery combining skin paddle, second metacarpal base bone and the extensor indicis proprius. At 12 weeks, proximal interphalangeal joint fusion was achieved and the skin flap healed uneventfully. The patient regained full extension and 20° of active flexion at the distal interphalangeal joint. To our knowledge, this specific chimeric flap has not been previously described in the literature. This technique provides a versatile, single-stage solution for complex dorsal finger reconstruction, minimizing morbidity and optimizing functional outcomes.
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