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Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health
No full textThe important role of diet in cardiometabolic health is generally well recognised; for mental health, it is not so well understood. However, lifestyle risk factors for poor physical health are the same risk factors for mental illness, including poor diet. This is reflected by the high level of poor physical health in people with mental illness. Mediterranean, whole food diets have been associated with reduced risk for chronic disease, but very little research has investigated their mental health benefits. We provide a model for the pathways by which food components provided by a Mediterranean-style diet can facilitate healthy brain function. We then review evidence for the role of selected nutrients/food components — antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids and B vitamins — in the brain and, hence, modulation of cognitive function and mental health. Converging evidence indicates multiple pathways by which these nutrients can assist in brain function, drawing from studies investigating them in isolation. There is very little work done on synergistic actions of nutrients and whole diets, highlighting a need for human intervention studies investigating benefits of Mediterranean-style diets for mental, as well as cardiometabolic health.
Pharmacogenomics of interferon beta and glatiramer acetate response: A review of the literature
No full textQuestioning Representations of Homelessness in the Australian Print Media
No full textSocial workers have an important role in questioning how social problems such as homelessness are represented in public discourse. Using Carol Bacchi’s policy analysis framework, this paper analyses representations of homelessness and service provision in the Australian print media, by examining assumptions underlying these representations, gaps and silences; the effects of these representations; and how these can be defended and disrupted. The study found that print media representations of people can reinforce deep-seated community values that maintain unequal gender and power relations, which has implications for social worker advocacy.
Advancing science and policy through a coordinated international study of physical activity and built environments : IPEN adult methods
No full textConclusions: This study was designed to inform evidence-based international and country-specific physical activity policies and interventions to help prevent obesity and other chronic diseases that are high in developed countries and growing rapidly in developing countries.
False alarm detection in cyber-physical systems for healthcare applications
No full textCyber-Physical System (CPS) is an integration of physical processes with computation and communication. CPS connects the virtual world with physical world. It has the ability to add more intelligence to social life. A CPS integrates physical devices, such as sensors and cameras, with cyber (or informational) components to form a situation-integrated analytical system that responds intelligently to dynamic changes in the real-world scenarios. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be a vital part of CPS as strong sensing capabilities can be one of the major driving factors for CPS applications. Still CPS is considered as a nascent technology and there are many challenges yet to be addressed. These challenges are often posed due to the complexity of communication, computation and the uncertainty of physical processes. CPS can have wide ranging applications, such as smart medical technology, assisted living, environmental control and traffic management. Unfortunately, no unified architecture for CPS has yet been developed, primarily due to variations among the applications. In CPS healthcare application, a wide range of medical sensors are used, however these sensors generate a large number of false alarms. These false alarms add confusion and reduce the efficiency of overall healthcare service. Although a few CPS healthcare architectures have been proposed for healthcare application they all lack of efficient false alarm detection. In this paper, a novel false alarm detection architecture is proposed in CPS for healthcare applications.
A decade of earnings management researches : a study on research methods and market reactions towards opportunistic behaviour
No full textIt is noted that EM measurements change overtime and discretionary accrual remains the most popular technique. However, methods that were used in determining discretionary accrual evolved and the discussion on which method is used as the best measurement is still debatable. In order to find representative samples of EM study, discretionary accruals were combined with other types of measurements and events which provide incentives for managers to manipulate earnings. In the short term, investors’ reaction to EM is inconsistent. Future research needs to control confounding effects while observing short-term price effect or use an alternative theory in explaining this anomaly. In the long term, investors negatively valued EM and hence the accrual anomaly found by Sloan (1996) is not prolonged.
Determining the impact of consumer characteristics to project sensory preferences in commercial white wines
No full textThe sensory preferences for white wines of three consumer groups selected for their differences in wine consumption habits and attitudes toward wines were investigated. A stepwise screening of the wines was used to ensure an objective selection based solely on perceived sensory characteristics while representing the commercial market. Sensory profiles of the selected wines were then determined by trained sensory descriptive panelists (n = 10). Consumers (n = 120) were recruited, assigned to one of three a priori groups, and evaluated 12 white wines. Internal preference mapping was conducted to explain consumer preference data with wine sensory descriptions and consumer characteristics. Results showed that sensory preferences were not significantly different among a priori consumer groups. Segmentation of individual liking scores revealed two distinct preference segments, with the largest one accounting for 77%. The majority of consumers preferred sweeter and fruitier wines as opposed to oaky and burning wines, independently of their a priori assigned group. Only a few demographics and attitudinal characteristics distinguished the two preference segments; however, they were not related to the initial a priori grouping. The primary dimension explaining consumer preferences for white wines confirmed previous research findings on other wine styles and obtained from various groups of consumers, suggesting that the main preference dimension common to many wine styles was driven by sweet and fruity sensory characteristics as opposed to dry, burning, and oaky attributes.