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THE EFFECT OF FEVER ON ACETYLATION RATIO AND SULFADIAZINE ELEMINATION KINETICS OF LOCAL SHEEP (Ovis aries)
No full textA Study has been conducted to identify effect of fever towards acetylafion ratio and eleminatkm kinetics of sulfadiazine in sheep. The siudy consist 10 healthy sheep using crossover design. Each animal was treated twice with 40 days interval. In the first treatment the sheep were given 2 gram of sulfadiazine and 0.4 gram pyrimethamine. In the second treatment the animals were treated fever induction prior to treatment using 2 gram of sulfadiazin and 0.4 gram pyrimethamine. Blood samples were taken From jugular vein in hour of 0, 0.08.0.25, 0.5, 1,2,4,6,9.12, 18, and 24. Plasma sulfadiazine levels were analyzed using Bratton-Marshall Methode. Sulfadiazin parameter was calculated using Stripe program. Theresults of the study revealed that fever did not significantly (P>0,05) increased the aceiylation ratio and inhibited elemination of sulfadiazine
THE USE OF DIFFERENT STAINING METHODS TO EVALUATE THE DEVELOPMENT AND VIABILITY OF BOVINE EMBRYOS OBTAINED IN VIVO AND IN VITRO
No full textIn an attempt to find a good method to evaluate embryos we classified the in vitro embryos into freezable and non-freezable by subjective method. These embryos were compared with in vivo freezable embryos using Giemsa staining. The embryo development and viability was evaluated by fluorescent stain (PDA and Hoechst 33342) and compared with the result after Giemsa stain.That number of cells in freezable in vitro and in vivo embryos were not different (P > 0.1), while in vitro fresszable and non-freezable embryos showed significantly differences (P < 0,001) in number of cells.The agreement between Hoechst 33342 and Giemsa stain was quite high (63%) in embryos with number of cells less than 20, and low agreement (25 - 34 %) in embryios with number of cells more than 20. There was a significantly correlation (0.82) betwen the degree of fluorescent of FDA stain and the number of cells at Giemsa stain.The subjective classification of in vitro embryos can be used in the practical situation. PDA staining is a good tool to check this classification as well as to evaluate the development and viability of embroys in different step of experimental trials. Hoechst can be a valuabl
Production Of Crude Aspergillus Fermentation Extract To Enhance The Quality Of Feed As A Productivity Booster Of Super Chicken
Get PDFChicken meat is one of the most popular products that is really interesting for the consumers.The aim of this study was to produce feed supplement that can be used to improve food digestibility and productivity as well in local super chicken. In this research, Group I (control group) was given feed and drink. ad libitum , Group II was given feed and drink ad libitum with the addition of fermented Aspergillus niger a dose of 4 ml / L of drinkingwater. Group III was given feed and drink ad libitum with the addition of fermented Aspergillus oryzae a dose of 4 ml / L of drinking water for 60 days, and then weight gain, food conversion rate as well as calcium and phosphate levels in the blood were observed. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance and showed that there were weight gain differences between the control and treatment groups of A. niger. There is no weight gain difference between the control and feed supplement groups . The blood calcium and phosphate levelsbetween the control and feed supplement groups were also not different
HISTOLOGY AND ELECTRONE MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF AN GnRH AGONIST ON THE CANINE TESTIS AND PROSTATE AFTER 3 MONTHS OF TREATMENT
No full textUsing light and electrone microscopic techniques the structure of the testicle, epididymis and prostate gland of mature male dogs were studied 3 months after implantation with a slow release implant containing 6 mg GnRH agonist deslorelin. After 3 months of treatment, all tubules seminiferous showed atropic and aspermatogenic. Atrophy of the Leydig cells was observed in the interstitial tissue. The glandular epithelium of the prostate showed atrophy and was non secretory. At the electrone microscopic levels, Sertoli and Leydig cells showed a marked atrophy and their spermatogenic tubules were mostly lined with Sertoli cells at the basal lamina. The prostate gland showed atrophy of the nucleous and the epithelium was non secretory. The present data showed that a slow release implant containing GnRH agonist deslorelin can be used effectively to suppress fertility in male dogs
Monitoring of Physiological and Parasites Status of Bawean Deer (Axis Kuhlii) in Its Habitat as a Baseline for Wildlife Conservation Endeavor
Get PDFThe research on physiological and reproduction status of Bawean deer (Axis kuhlii) in its habitat has been conducted, to understand and to find out as a basic information on Bawean deer (Axis kuhlii) in its habitats abaseline data for wildlife conservation efforts. The deer is categorized as an endangered animal, therefore, more attention was given toward Bawean deer conservation. Habitat changes, loss of habitat, fragmentation and illegalhunting might caused the wild animals become more marginalized and the populations have been declined. Therefore, it is needed to have research as an effort to save Bawean deer in its natural habitat. This research activity covered monitoring on physiological and reproduction status, and also the examination of deer's feces samples was parasite coprological data that serve as a basic consideration data in conservation and determination of Bawean deers health in the nature and/or conservation. The research was done in Bawean Island, Gresik and East Java, by taking faces of Bawean deers in the nature and conservation. Data gathering of physiological and reproduction status were done by examining deer's condition, either directly in conservation or in its habitat, and also by interviewing people around the forest. The data on physiological status, behavior monitoring, reproduction status, faces samples, blood, food analysis, and interview result were analyzed descriptively. Some worm eggs were found during feces examination, those were Strongyl, Strongyloides sp, Trichuris sp, Fasciola gigantica and Oocysta coccidia. The result showed that the same parasites were found in the cattle and goat raised by people around in the vicinity of the forest, meaning, there was an interaction between wildlife andlivestock. According to the result, it is needed to monitor the physiological status of Bawean deers routinely since Bawean deers is classified as endangered species
A Study of the Fruit Bat (Rousettus sp) Brain Anatomy as Natural Reservoir Wild Animal for the Rabies Virus
Get PDFRousettus sp. (Fruit bat) is one type of fruit bats in Indonesia and act as a natural reservoir of rabies. Rabies is caused by a virus from genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae, which attack central nervous system (CNS).The brain is an organ that is sensitive to rabies infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomical structure of the fruit bat brain macroscopically. Five fruit bat were used in this study, they were anaesthetized using ketamine and xylazin. Animals were perfused using physiological saline and 10% buffered formalin. Brains were taken using tweezers after all the bones of the skull were separated. Analysis of macroscopic brain was done descriptively. The results showed that the fruit bat brain were generally divided into cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem. Gyrus, sulcus and the paraflokulus lobes of the fruit bat brain were less developed than that of the dogs brain
The Effects of Hymeniacidon sp. Sponge Extract to The Level of Parasitemia Trypanosoma evansi in BALB/c Mice (Mus musculus L.)
Get PDFTrypanosoma evansi is a blood protozoa which has infected many livestock like cow, horse, and buffalo and caused disease so called surra. Disease medication of surra depends on the latest invention of trypanocidal medicine, but must of synthetic medicine has become resistance. Therefore, another alternative has been developed using natural materials. Sponge is a kind of oceanic organism which well known for producing secondary metabolite which has biology activity. One of them is Hymeniacidon sp. which known containingterpenoid bioactive compound. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of Hymeniacidon sp. sponge extract to the level of parasitemia T. evansi in Balb/C mice (Mus musculus L.) and to find out the most optimum Hymeniacidon sp. sponge extract to prevent T. evansi growth. This research has used 40 male Balb/C mice, age 2-3 months, weight ± 23-30 grams. The research subject was divided in to 8 groups (each group contain 5 mice).The classification consists of negative control DMSO, negative control of sponge extract, positive control which is infected by T. evansi and 5 groups treatment T. evansi accompanied with sponge extract given. Sponge extract concentration which was used were 50 mg/kg of BB, 100 mg/kg of BB, 200 mg/kg of BB, 400 mg/kg of BB, and800 mg/kg of BB, respectively. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0,2 ml of blood containing 103 of T. evansi. Sponge extract was given orally at 24 hours after T.evansi infection and conducted during 4 days. Then, film blood smear is made, observed by microscope and level of parasitemia T.evansi in blood was calculated.Result of this research indicated that Hymeniacidon sp. kloroform sponge extract concentration variation significantly decrease to the level of parasitemia T. evansi. The most effective concentration is 400 mg/kg of BB with reactivity equal to 98,71% on the fourth days research
Blue Eyes Syndrome Cases in the Duck Farms in the Village Modopuro, Mojosari, District Mojokerto, East Java
Get PDFModopuro village in Mojokerto, East Java is a region where people are mostly producing local breeds of ducks that is well known called as a Mojosari duck. The Modopuro village located in a lowland area where their people have been farming the Mojosari local ducks for years. It was reported that the outbreaks of the Mojosari ducks occurred during the years of 2012 and 2013. The ducks died suddently with the clinical signs, such as discoloration of the eyes (blue eyes syndrome) within 3 days, torticolis, stumbling, and they were then dead.From the many anxiety of farmers will be the disease, it is necessary to identify the causes of disease and determination of disease prevention measures. Inspection carried out by bringing the infected ducks to Laboratoritum Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University to do a necropsy, histopathological examination, and HA - HI examination have done in Virology Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. Histopathological examination showed the presence of lesions in organs eyes, lungs, heart, and ceca tonsil. Further, HA-HI test indicates that 90% possibility of of disease blue eyes syndromeon duck farms in the village Modopuro in the second trimester of 2013, caused by the H5N1 virus
EVALUATION OF LEAD LEVEL IN VARIOUS TISSUES OF PIGEONS (Columbia livia) IN YOGYAKARTA
No full textLead is one of major air pollutants. Lead is a dangerous poison for human and animals. Pigeon meat is one of popular food consumed by many people in Yogyakana. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether the lead concentration in the pigeon in Yogyakarta is considered safe for human consumption or not Forty birds 3-4 months old were collected from 4 locations in Yogyakarta, Group I (10 birds) were collected from people who sole fried birds around UripBumodibflTjo, C. Simanjuntak, Kaliurang, Gcjayan, Johanes streets, and North Ringroad. Group II (10 birds) were collected from the bird markets (Ngasem, Terban, Lempuyangan), group III (10 birds) were collected from the bird owners who raised the birds extensivelly (not in cages). Group IV (10 birds) were obtained from the bird owners who raised tho birds imeosivdly (in cages). All experimental animals were euthanized by chloroform then necropsied. Kidney, liver and breast muscle were collected for lead examination using atomic absorption spectrophotorneter {AAS). The results of the experiment showed that lead concentrations in the kidneys, liver and breast muscle of pigeons obtained from several locations in Yogyakarta were higher than the recommended standard value from WHO (0,1 ppm)
ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF SHORT INTERSPERSED NUCLEAR ELEMENT (SINE) FROM VARANUS KOMODOENSIS
No full textAll vertebrata genomes studied so far contain SINEs, that consti tute up to 5% of the total genome. Most of the SINE sequences studied so far are mammalian genomes. There Is very limited information about SINE sequences from reptiles, especially of Varanus family.Isolation of SINE sequences were carried out by constructing the komodo genomic library in E. coli. Suspected positive clones were detected by genome to genome hybridization. The SINE sequences identification were carried out by enzymatic method, and the DNA sequences were analysed with the GENETYX-SV program-Up to now there are 2 SINE sequences from komodo genome have been isolated and identified. Their sequences homo logy is 85-2% From Database search analysis with the GenBank indicated that those SlNEs were not evolved from any specific tRNA gene