Jurnal Sain Veteriner
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Effect Of Keren Fruit Extract (Muntingia calabura) On Blood Glucose Levels Of Rats (Rattus novergicus) Which Induced By Streptozotocin (STZ)
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is reveal various symptoms that characterized by increasies of blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to insulin deficiency. Kersen fruit (Muntingia calabura) is thought to contain antidiabetic substance such as ascorbic acid, fiber, beta-carotene, riboflavin, thiamine and niacin. The study was conducted to determine the potential of kersen fruit in decreasies blood sugar levels. The group divided into group I (negativecontrol), group II (positive control), group III, IV, and V were given kersen fruit extract 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW respectively. Rats of groups I-V were induced with streptozotocin (STZ). Blood sugar values were analyzed using Analysis of Variance Repeated method (Repated ANOVA). The results showed blood glucose levels before treatment, week-0, and week-2 in the group I (133 mg/dL, 164 mg/dL, 105 mg/dL), group II (136 mg/dL, 362 mg/dL, 431 mg/dL), group III (133 mg/dL, 513 mg/dL, 109 mg/dL), group IV (100 mg/dL, 376 mg/dL, 153 mg/dL), and group V (83 mg/dL, 225 mg/dL, 169 mg/dL). Respectively based on statistical analysis showed a significant decreasies of blood sugar levels of the group III so that kersen extract with the dose of 100 mg / kg has the potential to antidiabetic
EFFECTS OF PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT ADMINISTRATION IN CHICKENS: I. DUODENUM PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE
No full textThe pathophysiological effects of papaya leaf extract administration were studied in 20 local-three month-old chickens weighing 577±69.979 g. The chickens were randomly evenly divided into 4 groups. P0 group just orally received one single dose Of 3.0 ml aquadest. The P1 P2 P3 and P4 groups were treated orally with one single dose of 1,5 ml, 2.0ml, 2.5 ml and 3.0 ml papaya leaf extract respectively. The extract was made from 400 g papaya leaves, extracted directly by simple traditional methods. Four days after treatment, the chickens were sacrificed, the duodenum were excised for macroscopic examinations, than fixed in 10% formalin prepared for microscopic examination using paraffin method and routine hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results indicated that pathological duodenum effects occurred in groups P2, P3 and P4. Macroscopically, the duodenum were hyperaemic and haemorrhagic. Microscopically the duodenum of these groups showed erosions of ephitelial mucous cells, hyperaemic and haemorrhagic propia. The P0 and Pt did not show any macroscopic and microscopic changes. It was concluded that one single dose of 3.0 ml aquadest or 1.5 ml of papaya leaf did not cause any pathophysiological effects in duodenum chicken, but a single dose of 2.0 ml, 2.5 ml or 3.0 ml did. The greater the dose the worse the effects.
THE EFFECT OF HIGH FAT DIET ON THE CONCENTRATION RATIO BETWEEN PROOXIDANT AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT IN RAT (Sprague dawley)
No full textThe objective of the investigation was to study the relationship between ratio prooxidant and total antioxidant (peroxidation index) and cell damage in male rats. Fourty male Sprague dawley rats, 3 month of age, 150-200 g of body weight were alloted randomly to 2 groups of 20 each. The first group was fed normal diet (control), the second group was fed high fat diet (20% fat). After 2 weeks, the blood samples were taken out from 5 rats of each group for measuring prooxidants and antioxidants. The prooxidants and anti-oxidants st-atus in this study was done by measuring thio barbituric add subs tance I TEARS) and total antloxldant status (TAS) concentration. The heart, liver and kidney tissues were collected for histopatological analysis, Peroxidation index (PI) were determined by dividing TBARS value with TAS value. The same procedures were repeated after 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Analysis of the data showed that after 16 weeks on experimental diet, the mean concentration of TBARS in blood of group I was 1.45Q+G.158 umol/L and the mean concentration of TBASS in blood of group 11 was 4,75 + 2,17 nmol/L. The highest ratio between prooxidant and total antioxidant was 17.47 and the Lowest ratio between oxidant and total antioxidant was 0.849. Analysis of histopatology showed that there were hyalinitation and oardiomyopathy in the heart tissu, fatty liver degeneration and necrosis in the liver and necrose and atrophy of the kidney. From the results can be concluded that (1) feeding high fat diet induced high ratio between proojiidant and antioxidant con^ centration (peroxidation Index). (2) Cell damage can be caused by high peroxidation index. (3) Individual variation might be caused by genetic factor
THE EFFECT OF SEVERAL DESINFECTANTS ON THE SPORULATION OF THE ERIMERIA TENELLA OOCYST
No full textA research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of certain desinfectants on the speculation of the Eimerla tenclla oocysts.In this research in vitro methode has been used. This research used oocysts Eimeria tenella which have not yet Sporulated. 6 kinds of disinfectants and water as control. These desinfectants were used in the research namely : Lysol, Creolin. Kalium Jodida (KJ). Formalin, Bromoquod and Ca (OH)2.The oocysts which have not yet sporulation were imerted in these desinfectants. The duration of liners ion at each treatment was succescively 10 minutes. 20 minutes and 30 minutes. The desinfectants concentration used is of three degree of strength, in the following proportion = 1:2:4.The data colected was the percentage of oocystys which have sporulated 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours, after treatment. The data was analyzed with the Split Plot method (Gill. 1978).The result of research showed that each desinfectant had a different effect on the percentage of the oocyst sporulation (P < 0,01) . Bromoquod was found to be the best desinfectant, and the others were in this following order = Creolin. KJ, Water, Lysol. CafQHJn and formalin. The Concentration was also found significantly effective (P < 0,6) in suppressing the sporulation of the oocysts. Creolin concentration of the 4tri strength was found to be the best desinfectant and the others were in this following order : water. KJ. Bromoquod, Lysol, Ca(OH)£ and formalin. The duration of imersion had no significant influenc
ADHESION AND PHAGOCYTOSIS PROPERTIES OFSTREPTOCOCCUS EQUI SUBSP. ZOOEPIDEMICUS ISOLATES FROM INDONESIA
No full textAn infectious diseases outbreak affecting pigs and monkeys in Bali in 1994, with case fatality rate (CFR) 75%. The disease widespread rapidly to the other district in Indonesia and developed serious problems. The causative agent involving the disease was Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, a β-hemoIytic type of the streptococcus. The disease was consistently associated with meningitis, therefore the disease was named Streprococcal meningitis. The main aim of this study is todetect factors promoting the pathogenicity of the agent that could be showed by its characteristics and properties of the adhesions and phagocytosis. Eight and two isolates of Strepiacoccus equi subsp. zooepidemicus originated, from pigs and monkeys respectively were used in this study. The nature of bacterial surface proteins was characterized by hexadecane adherence test, hemaglutinating erythrocytes of various animals, adherence to epithelial cells and phagocytosis of the bacteria by polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The result of hexadecane adherence test showed that of the ten isolates oniy one culture of pigs isolates had a hydrophobic surface and the others were hedrophilic surface. The culture with hydrophobic surface agglutinated erythrocytes from chicken, rat and rabbit. This culture adhered in high numbers to epithelial cells and were more phagocytosed by polymorphonulear leucocytes. The cultures with hy drop hi lie surface showed no comparable reaction
A STUDY OF PREPATENT PERIODES, DEATH TIMES AND REDUCTION OF BODY WEIGHT IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) INFECTED WITH TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI
No full textThe prepatent periods of T. evansi, death times and reduction of foody weights of experimental rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected with T. evansi were studied.Twelve rats were divided into four groups (group 1-!V), each group contains of three rats. The rate of the group II, group III and group IV, were infected intraperitonealy with 300, 600 and 2400 T. evansi per rat, respectively. The group I was used as a control group. After infection, their body weight were measured, followed by blood examination and detection of death time everyday.The data were collected then analysed descriptively using regression-correlation between total number of T. evansi wbich were infected, prepatent period, death time and body weight changes.The results of the experiment indicated that the higher dose of T. evansi infected, caused shorter prepatent period and death time, but there were a negative correlation between total number of T. evansi infected and percentage of body weight reduction. The evidence also showed even thought the prepatent period was shorter, all experimental rats died within 5-6 days after T. evansi detected in the peripheral blood
ARTIFICIAL INFECTION STUDY OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA IN LOCAL SHEEP AND ITS IMPACT ON WEIGHT GAIN, HEMATOLOGY AND ENZYME GAMMA GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE
No full textThis research was to investigate the effect of infection of Fasciola gigantica on weight gain, blood picture and the level of iiver damage of local sheep, and the correlation between the number of metacercariae infectH and the number of the fluke recovered. Twenty male local sheep, were allocated randomly into 4 different groups. One group used as uninfected control and a total of 200, 500 and 1.000 metacercariae was infected into animals of groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Variables evaluated include weight gain, blood picture, gamma glutamyl tons/erase (GGTase) activity, and the number of egg and the fluke recovered. All individual sheep were weighed every week, whole blood and sera were taken every 3 weeks, fecal samples were started to b« examined 8 weeks after infection and every week thereafter. Weight gain, hematology picture and enzyme GGTase activity were anafized by split-plot, the number of egg and fluke recovered were analized by correlation. All sheep were killed 18 weeks after infection. The results show that infection F. gigantica causes norntocytic normochromic anemia in local sheep. Increased GGTase acitivity is observed. The number of fluke recovered correlates with the number of metacercariae infected
Isolation and Identification of Egg Drop Syndrome Virus with Hemagglutination and Hemagglutination Tests
Get PDFEgg drop syndrome (EDS) is a disease that attacks layer hens in the production phase causing failure of peak eggs production, decreased in eggs production, and presence of eggs without shell. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the EDS virus in the chicken layer that was diagnosed as a disease of EDS by hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Specific pathogen free (SPF) layerchickens which were passing through the production phase fed with food which was mixed with egg without shell from SR/WNO/2011. The chicken together with chicken FF/Sleman/2011 were dissected when pathological lesions, such as the dents or palor eggs observed. The uterine tissues were then collected for samples. Infundibulum of chicken FF/Sleman/2011 was explored and was found out that the eggs were lack ofegg shells. The eggs were then washed using sterile PBS. The three subsequent samples were propagated in the allantoic fluid of embryonated duck eggs for 16 days. Allantoic fluid was harvested after being incubated for 4 days. It was then tested by HA and HI assay by use of avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and EDS anti serum. The HA and HI test with EDS anti serum used chickens erythrocytes in percentageof 0,8. The HA test in uterine sample of both SR/WNO/2011 and FF/Sleman/2011 showed the titer 23 HA units and egg washed water sample of FF/Sleman/2011 showed titer 22 HA units. The HI test for comparison with ND and AI anti serum was negative, while the test with EDS anti serum showed positive results. Based on the HA and HI test results, it was concluded that the virus grown in the allantoic fluid is EDS virus
Gastrointestinal Endoparasites Diversity of Macaca fascicularis in Goa Monyet Tenau Garden, Kupang
Get PDFGoa Monyet Tenau Garden is one of the tourist parks located in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara Province. The population of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is about 142 in the region, while outside the region is 162. This study was aimed to determine the types of gastrointestinal endoparasites that infect monkeys which live inside and outside the region, and to study if there is a relationship between different regions with percentageof gastrointestinal endoparasites that infect monkeys as well. Specific target was to obtain data on the diversity of endoparasites in the tourist park. Macaca fascicularis fecal sampling was done randomly from inside and outside the region. Thirty fecal samples were taken which composed of 15 samples from the region and 15 samples from outside the region. The weight of each fecal sample is ± 10 gr. Each fecal sample was inserted into the pot(capacity ± 25 ml) and labeled by the place, date and month of collection. The samples were given 10% formalin as a preservative. Examinations were conducted at the Animal Health Laboratory Politani Kupang, using 2 methods : Centrifuge and Sedimentation method. Diversity and percentage of worm infection in monkeys between different regions were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the types of endoparasitesinfecting monkeys inside and outside of the region were the same (Eimeria sp., Ancylostoma sp., and Strongyloides sp.). This was caused by the interaction of the use of the same region. Percentage average of endoparasitic infection that infects monkeys in the region was higher than that of outside the region (In the region: Eimeria sp./ 86.7%, Ancylostoma sp./ 73.3% and Strongyloides sp./66.7%, outside the region: Eimeriasp./ 80%, Ancylostoma sp./60%, Strongyloides sp./46.7%. The difference percentages of infection were influenced by several factors, such as vegetation, water sources, sanitation, season, temperature and population
Cloning of the gene encoding Endo-β-1,3-1,4 Glucanase from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii W23 on Plasmid pMMB67EH into Escherichia coli DH5α and Escherichia coli Origami
Get PDFOne of the genes encoding cellulolytic enzymes, named BSUW23_10175, from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii W23 was cloned in the plasmid pMMB67EH into Escherichia coli DH5α and Escherichia coli Origami. Target gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers (For- BSUW23_10175 dan Rev-BSUW23_10175) that were used for BSUW23_10175 gene amplification. Based on the PCR and restriction analyses of the transformants plasmid, it was known that clones number 8 and 9 of the Escherichia coli Origami transformants contained the recombinant plasmid pMMB_BSUW23_10175.Cellulolytic activity assay showed that those transformants had cellulolytic activity by indution with IPTG (isopropyl-β-D-thio-galactosidase)