Jurnal Sain Veteriner
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Determination of Cattle and Buffalo Skin Crackers Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
No full textThe aim of this study was to determine of cattle and buffalo species based on cytochrome b gene using PCR-RFLP. Cattle and buffalo hides were obtained from a slaughterhouse in Yogyakarta and Kudus Regency. To confirm the effectiveness and specificity of this fragment, there are seven of DNA mixture samples in various levels. Isolate DNA samples were amplified using universal primer of cytochrome b gene, then PCR amplicon was digested by RsaI restriction enzyme.. The result showed that mitochondrial cytochrome b gene successfully amplified fragments of 359 bp. RsaI restriction enzyme was able to cleave buffalo cytochrome b gene into two fragment (326 and 23 bp), while the cytochrome b gene of the skin cattle DNA was uncleaved. . In conclusion, this study indicated that mixture DNA of cattle and buffalo hides could be digested by RsaI restriction enzyme and determination of the buffalo hides in mixture samples could be detected into 10% level. Furthermore, RsaI enzyme could be used to specific identification buffalo species. PCR-RFLP technology has a potential and reliable method to identify of the existence of r buffalo hides in the mixture with other hides
Potensi Ekstrak Atuna racemosa sebagai Anti - Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
No full textStaphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative agents of mastitis in animals and a variety of human diseases such as septicemia, endocarditis, arthritis dan osteomyelitis. Infection of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been widely reported and these strains are usually resistant to multiple antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of Atuna racemosa, as an alternative herbal medicine against MRSA infection. The MRSA strains were isolated from human and confirmed based on their resistant to various antibiotics and analyzing of the mecA gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Atuna racemosa originated from Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia, were extracted using 70% ethanol. The activities of the Atuna racemosa extract against MRSA were performed by diffusion disc agar and dilussion agar tests. The results showed that Atuna racemosa extract has the barrier effect of MRSA growth at a concentration of 5% in the diffusion test and at a concentration of 7% in the dilution test. Atuna racemosa could be used as an alternative new drugs with dose of 0.07 g/ml (7%) against MRSA which is multi-resistant to many antibiotics.
Pola Pewarisan Crest Ayam (Gallus gallus domesticus, Linnaeus 1758) Backcross Hasil Persilangan Ayam Mahkota dengan Ayam Kampung
Get PDFAbstrakMemelihara ayam hias merupakan salah satu kegemaran masyarakat Indonesia dan juga saranameningkatkan pendapatan. Salah satu ayam hias yang unik dan banyak menarik minat pecinta ayam hias adalah ayam Mahkota yang memiliki ciri khas bulu yang tersusun lebat di bagian kepala hingga menutupi mata. Jenis ayam hias tersebut umumnya memiliki kelemahan yaitu daya tahannya yang rendah terhadap penyakit. Ayam Kampung atau ayam buras merupakan ayam lokal asli Indonesia yang memiliki keunggulan yaitu memiliki ketahanan yang lebih tinggi terhadap penyakit dibanding ayam ras. Penggabungan keunikan crest dari ayam Mahkota dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit dari ayam Kampung dapat diwujudkan salah satunya melalui proses backcross (BC). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyilangkan ayam F Mahkota betina hasil persilangan ayam 1 Mahkota dan ayam Kampung dengan ayam Mahkota jantan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pola pewarisan crest dan pertumbuhan bobot keturunan BC pada umur 7 minggu. Anakan yang dihasilkan diamati perkembangan crest dan pertambahan bobotnya selama 7 minggu, kemudian variasi fenotipnya dianalisis dengan chi square test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5 kelas fenotip yang berbeda dari 16 individu keturunan BC yang menunjukkan gejala poligen dengan 2 gen yang mempengaruhi dan memenuhi pola pewarisan 1:4:6:4:1
Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya terhadap Jumlah Trypanosoma evansi pada Paru-Paru dan Limpa Mencit
Get PDFTrypanosomiasis merupakan penyakit parasit yang disebabkan oleh Trypanosoma evansi dan ditularkan melalui gigitan lalat penghisap darah yang menyerang hewan ternak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan efek pemberian ekstrak etanol daun pepaya dan menentukan dosis ekstrak etanol daun pepaya yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah Trypanosoma evansi pada paru-paru dan limpa mencit. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan.Pembuatan ekstrak etanol daun pepaya menggunakan metode maserasi. Sebanyak 25 ekor mencit (Mus musculus L.) jantan galur Balb-C diinfeksi 0,2 mL (1x105) isolat Trypanosoma evansi secara intraperitonial. Pengamatan natif dilakukan untukmenentukan tingkat parasitemia. Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun pepaya dosis 75 mg/kg BB, 150 mg/kg BB, dan 300 mg/kg BB yang dilarutkan dalam Na-CMC 0,5% diberikan secara oral sebanyak 0,3 mL selama 3 hari berturut-turut. Pembuatan sediaan apus organ menggunakan metode sitological smear dengan pewarnaan giemsa 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh dosis ekstrak etanol daun pepaya dapat menurunkan jumlah Trypanosoma evansi pada paru-paru dan limpa. Ekstrak etanol daun pepaya pada dosis 300 mg/Kg BB merupakan dosis yang paling efektif menurunkan jumlah Trypanosoma evansi pada paru-paru dan limpa mencit
Pengujian Toksisitas Akut Obat Herbal Pada Mencit Berdasarkan Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Get PDFUji toksisitas perlu dilakukan pada suatu produk obat yang akan dipasarkan. Uji awal (screening test) ini sangat penting secara farmakologi dan toksikologi karena akan digunakan untuk pertimbangan penentuan dosis, rentang waktu pemberian dan aplikasinya. Superjamu yang diuji merupakan campuran herbal yang telah dibentuk menjadi sediaan cair dan diaplikasikan secara per oral. Metode pengujian toksisitas yang dipilih berdasarkan pedoman Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 (2002). Metode ini merupakan metode standar yang diakui oleh 33 negara Eropa yang merupakan anggota dari OECD. Kelebihan utama metode ini adalah sedikitnya penggunaan hewan model (mencit) serta waktu ujinya yangrelatif cepat. Sebanyak 9 ekor mencit betina umur 3 bulan dengan berat badan berkisar 25 g dibagi menjadi 3 perlakuan (n=3). Kelompok 1 diberi jamu dosis 300 mg/kb berat badan, kelompok 2 dosis 2000 mg/kg dan kelompok 3 (kontrol) diberi aquades 1 mL/ kg berat badan. Perberian jamu dilakukan per oral menggunakan spet bersonde setiap hari selama 14 hari. Tahap pertama masih terdapat kematian pada kelompok 2 dan gejala klinis berupa rambut berdiri, depresi dan gejala syarafi pada kelompok 1 sehingga dilanjutkan dengan uji kedua menggunakan dosis 50 mg/kg berat badan pada 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan (KP) dan kelompok kontrol (KK) masing masing terdiri dari 3 ekor mencit, selama 14 hari. Hasil pengujian tahap kedua tidak ditemukan gejala klinis keracunan pada hewan coba. Kesimpulan dari pengujian ini adalah nilai dosis toksik jamu adalah > 50-300 mg/kg bb dan perkiraan dosis letal (LD50) adalah 200-300 mg/kg bb seperti disebutkan dalam Annex 2c: OECD/OCE
Ancaman Masuknya Virus Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku Melalui Daging Ilegal di Entikong, Perbatasan Darat Indonesia dan Malaysia
Get PDFThis study was aimed to analyze the risk of FMD virus to enter Indonesia by the presence of illegal meat at Entikong, a borderland between Indonesia and Malaysia. The primary datas were collected using questionnaires method to collect expertise, in-depth interviews, and direct field observations. Secondary datas were obtained from scientific publications and articles or unpublished datas (statistics, goverment documents and reports). The respondents were choosen by purposive sampling. The circulating illegal meat was possibly originate fromdifferent countries, including FMD-endemic countries/zones such as Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, India and even unidentified countries/zones according to our respondends. The types of illegal meat such as frozen deglanded bonein-meat and frozen deglanded offal that enter Entikong carry the risk of becoming a source of FMD infection. Based on the entry route, delivery frequency, and meat volume, ilegal meat was possibly also entered into Indonesia using non-vehicular transportation. These conditions indicated that the entrance of illegal meat could pose risk of the FMD virus entry to Indonesia, especially at the borderland between Indonesia and Malaysia at Entikong. It is highly recommended to apply strict inspection at the border entraces and increase collaboration with related institutions to prevent the entrance of illegal meat and to reduce the entry risk of FMD virus
Perlakuan Celup Puting setelah Pemerahan terhadap Keberadaan Bakteri Patogen, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, dan E. coli pada Sapi Perah Penderita Mastitis Subklinis di Peternakan KUNAK Bogor
Get PDFMastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the teat. One of the treatments that can prevent bacteria infection is teat dipping. This research was aimed to identify the effectof teat dipping after milking to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli) and the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinicalmastitis by quarter of udder. Milk samples were taken from normal lactation period of dairy cows, clinically healthy, and positive subclinical mastitis status when the intervention was applied. Sixty seven samples of quarters from 18dairy cows were identified to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis before teat dipping and at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after teat dipping. Identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria was done byculturing samples on selective agar media. The presence of common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli decreased significantly after teat dipping, while Streptococcus agalactiae and other pathogenicbacteria did not decrease significantly. The presence of pathogenic bacteria based on the quarter of udder did not show the significance difference. Application of teat dipping after milking was able to decrease the presence ofpathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis
Identifikasi Listeria monocytogenes pada Susu Kambing di Kabupaten Purworejo Jawa Tengah
Get PDFListeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic Listeria species, especially for high-risk groups and it that can be transmitted through contaminated food. Goat milk produced by traditional milking process and storage has a high risk of contamination. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of L. monocytogenes in fresh goat milk in Puworejo regency, Central Java. This study used 60 samples of raw goat milk that were obtained from seven farms by disease detection sampling method. All of the used method in this research refer to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) ISO 11290-1: 2012 about Microbiology of food and feed for detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes. A total of 60 samples of raw goat milk that used in this study were not contaminatedwith L. monocytogenes. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that all the samples of raw goat milk were free from L. monocytogenes and have fulfilled the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) ISO No. 7388: 2009 about Limit of Microbial Contamination in Food
Pengembangan Metode Identifikasi Kerusakan DNA Spermatozoa Ternak
Get PDFThe success of artificial insemination is very much determined by the quality of spermatozoa. The detection or identification of damaged chromatin of spermatozoa DNA is very important to forsee the adverse clinical outcome. However, the method of identification is still depended on expensive imported kits. Therefore, the objective of this research was to developed an identification kit to determine the quality of livestock spermatozoa DNA chromatin.This study consist of three step. Step 1) Determination of low melting point agarose (LMP-agarose) concentration which is 0,6%, 0,7% and 0,8%. 2) Comparison of three lysis solution (LS) which is LS I (0.4M Tris, 0.8M DTT, 1% SDS, pH 7.5), LS II (0.4M Tris,2 M NaCl, 1% SDS , pH 7.5), and LS III (0.4M Tris-HCl, 2M NaCl, 1% SDS 0,05 M EDTA, pH 7.5). 3) Comparison different staining which is Eosin yellow and Methylene blue. The results showed that 0.6% LMP-agarose demonstrated the best concentration to “trapped the spermatozoa” compared for sheep and goats. whereas the three concentration of spermatozoa cows can not be used to trap spermatozoa cow. The best formulation to lysis the membrane was LS III (0.4M Tris -HCl, 2M NaCl, 1% SDS 0,05 M EDTA). The best staining was eosin yellow and methylene blue with 2:1 ratio