Jurnal Sain Veteriner
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Glycerol Reduces Cross Hybridization on Nitrocellulose Membrane
Get PDFLateral flow assay (LFD) berdasarkan nucleic acid lateral flow (NALF) adalah metode yang dikembangkan akhir-akhir ini. Metode ini sesuai dengan tuntutan point of care testing (POCT ) yaitu mudah dan cepat dalam prosedur kerja, selain itu menggunakan peralatan yang sedikit dan dapat dilakukan oleh petugas yang tidak terlatih khusus. NALF berdasarkan hibrididasi asam nukleat lebih ekonomis daripada uji berdasarkan immunokromatografi yang menggunakan pengenalan antibodi-antigen.. Hibridisasi silang menjadi masalah utama terutama digunakan untuk membedakan 2 organisme dengan kandungan GC tinggi dan homologi yang yang tinggi karena adanya kesamaan genom yang tinggi. Beberapa teknik telah digunakan untuk memberikan kondisi stringency tinggi yang dapat menghindari hibridisasi silang. Teknik ini memerlukan tambahan prosedur jika digunakan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa senyawa gliserol dapat digunakan dalam dapar untuk mengurangi kejadian hibridisasi silang pada membran nitroselulose. Studi menggunakan 2 jenis larutan adasar dapar yaitu PBS dan SCC stringency tinggi dan konsentrasi tinggi ssDNA sebagai sampel. Tanpa gliserol memberikan hibridisasi silang pada test line sedangkan menggunakan gliserol dapat mengurangi bahkan menghilangkan hibridisasi silang pada penggunaan dapar dengan larutan dasar PBS. Selain itu penggunaan gliserol dapat meningkatkan sinyal hibridisasi pada dapar adengan larutan dasar SSC secara nyata (p>0.05
Aktivitas Antibiotik terhadap Biofilm Staphylococcus aureus Isolat Preputium Sapi Aceh
Get PDFBiofilm is one of parameters for determining pathogenic pathways of a bacterium. Bacterial virulence activities can be attenuated by antibiotics with inhibiting biofilm. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics and activities of antibiotics against the biofilm of Stapylococcus aureus isolate which taken from Aceh cattle prepuce. The study was exploratory and experimental, using a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) factorial pattern using three types of antibiotics, three concentrations and replications. Antibiotics were tetracycline, oxytetracycline and phosphomycin with concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30% (mg/mL), respectively. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the characteristics and activities of antibiotics to the biofilm of Stapylococcus aureus from Aceh cattle prepuce isolate. U-bottom polystyrene 96 wells microplate and Nutrient Broth (NB) medium was used to biofilm bacterial while biofilm was stained on crystals violet 1%. Optical Density (OD) of biofilm were λ 595 nm. Data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the activity of Staphylococcus aureus was moderately positive, i.e 2,667cell/μL. It showed that antibiotics and concetrations have significant effect (P<0.05) to inhibit biofilm staphylococcus aureus. In additioon, tetracycline 30% (mg / mL) has the best ability to inhibit biofilms from 52,18% to 1,262 cell/μL. Based on that fact, it can be concluded that the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus was moderate positive to be false positive
Pengaruh Ukuran Ovarium dan Folikel Terhadap Penampilan Reproduksi pada Sapi Po dan Simpo di Kecamatan Jatinom, Kabupaten Klaten
Get PDFThe increasing beef cattle population in Indonesia is not significantly with high demand of meat every year. The insignificant increasing in population is caused by fertility decreasing, infectious disease and the reduction amount of forage land. The factor which causes cattle fertility decreasing can’t be separated from the ovarian and follicular diameter which have an effect on high various reproductive appearance. Parameters that use for knowing reproductive appearance of cattle are Service per Conception (S/C) and Calving Interval (CI). The aims of this study is to describe ovary sizes and follicular diameter in cattle, to describe ovary and follicular diameter toward S/C and CI variation. This research uses female cattle, 8 SimmentalPO (SimPO) and 9 Ongole breeds (PO), multiparous, are not pregnant, 4-8 years old, Body Condition Score (BCS) 2.5-3.5, peak phase estrus, has no reproductive problems, clear recordings and live in the area of farmer in Jatinom District, Klaten Regency, Central Java Province. Cattle are examined for ovarian size and follicle size using ultrasonography. S/C and CI data were obtained from records of artificial insemination cards (AI). The data obtained were analyzed by t test. The results of this study showed there were no differences in the diameter of ovaries in the size of SimPO and PO cattle (P> 0.05), there were no differences in the diameter of SimPO and PO cattle follicles (> 0.05), there were differences in ovarian and follicular diameter sizes with respect to S/C and CI in cattle with good and bad reproductive performance (P 0.05) but there was an influence on S/C and CI (P <0.05)
Virulence Characteristic of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Isolates
No full textAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a cause of colibacillosis in poultry, one of the respiratory disease that causes serious problems in the poultry industry. The APEC can cause high mortality and culling, decreased production, and high costs of treatment. Manifestations of colibacillosis are airsacculitis, perihepatitis, and pericarditis. The APEC serotypes that are widely identified in the field are O1K1, O2K1, and O78K80. Embryo lethality assay (ELA) is a method for determine the virulence of APEC serotypes. The aim of this study was to determine the virulence characteristic of APEC isolates. Five APEC serotypes O1K1, O2K1, O78K80, O157H7, and unknown serotype were used for ELA method by inoculated E. coli into chorioallantoic of specific pathogen free 12-days old embryos. Each group of 10 embryos, inoculated E. coli dose of 100-500 CFU/ 0,1 ml. Candling was carried out for 6 days (18-days old embryo) to determined the mortality and pathological lesions. The percentage of embryo mortality post-inoculated with APEC O1K1, O2K1, unknown serotypes were 100% (10/10), O78K80 serotype was 90% (9/10), and O157H7 serotype was 70% (70%). Lesions of all embryos were cranial and extremity hemorrhage. In this study, E. coli isolates had high virulence.
Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale) terhadap Produksi IL-6 dan SOD pada Mencit Fibrosis Hati yang Diinduksi CCl4
No full textFibrosis hati merupakan akumulasi berlebih matriks ekstraseluler. Prevalensi fibrosis hati hewan kecil dilaporkan mencapai 10% dari keseluruhan penyakit sistemik hewan kecil di Amerika Serikat. Salah satu bahan toksik yang menimbulkan fibrosis hati adalah carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh preventif ekstrak etanol daun jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) terhadap produksi Interleukin-6 (IL-6) dan kadar superoxide dismutase (SOD). Daun jambu mete mengandung bahan aktif flavonoid yang memiliki efek antiinflamasi dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental, post-test control only design dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hewan coba mencit (Mus musculus) dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kelompok preventif dengan dosis 500 mg/kg BB, 1000 mg/kg BB, dan 1500 mg/kg BB. Produksi sitokin IL-6 dihitung menggunakan metode flowcytometry, sedangkan kadar SOD diukur menggunakan spektofotometri. Data hasil uji dianalisa secara statistik one way ANOVA (α=0,05) dengan uji lanjutan Post Hoc Tukey. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu preventif menggunakan ekstrak etanol daun jambu mete mencegah peningkatan produksi IL-6 dan meningkatkan kadar SOD pada mencit model fibrosis hati. Persentase produksi IL-6 pada kelompok perlakuan dosis 1500 mg/kg BB sebesar 2,58%. Kadar SOD pada kelompok perlakuan dosis 1500 mg/kg BB sebesar 4,23%
Klasterisasi Staphylococcus aureus Resisten Neutrofil Berdasar Assesory Gene Regulator
No full textStaphylococcus aureus is recognized worldwide as a major pathogen causing subclinical intramammary infections in dairy cows and food poisoning due to its ability to produce enterotoxin. The study aimed to identify enterotoxins of S. aureus and clustering the enterotoxins based on assessory gene regulator (agr). Virulence of S. aureus to the host was characterized based on the response of polymorphonuclear cells to the infection. Twelve S. aureus could be isolated from milk cows in central of dairy farming in Sumedang West Java. The identification of S. aureus was based on cultural and biochemical tests and an amplification of a specific section of the 23S rRNA gene. The sensitivity test against antibiotics revealed that some isolates of S. aureus were resistant to penicillin and methycillin. By PCR amplification one or more staphylococcal enterotoxin genes could be observed five genes in combinations of sea (216 bp), seb (478 bp), seh (375 bp), sei (576 bp), and sej (142 bp). Clustering of S. aureus based on the assesory gene regulator could be grouped into 4 clusters for agr1 (1 isolat), agr2 (2 isolates), in combination for agr1 and agr2 (1 isolate), and for non agr (2 isolates). Based on the response of polymorphonuclear cell in vitro and in vivo assays, revealed that S. aureus strain I-2 (agr1 cluster) and P1 (agr1+agr2 cluster) were more resistant to polymorphonuclear cells and could survive intracellularly, indicated that these strains could be used as proper candidates to develop dignostic tool based on agr against staphylococcal mastitis.
Deteksi Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus sp. secara Langsung dari Susu Segar Kambing Peranakan Etawa dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Get PDFThe genus of Staphylococcus is one of the bacterial pathogens that cause mastitis causing economic losses in Etawa crossbreed goat. Among Staphylococcus sp. which can grow well in raw milk, Staphylococcus aureus is known causing foodborn disease in human because of its ability to produce enterotoxins that are resistance to digestive enzymes or heating treatment. The purpose of this study was to detect Staphylococcus sp. and S. aureus directly from raw milk of Etawa crossbreed goat using PCR. The study was carried out by extracted DNA from fresh milk using spin column method and then amplified specific 23S rRNA for Staphylococcus sp. and S. aureus. PCR examination revealed that 37 (61%) and 1 (1,6%) raw milk samples were positive for Staphylococcus sp. and S. aureus respectively. The PCR Method is usefull to reduce defection time of Staphylococcus sp. contaminants
Septicemic Infection Suspect In Jenkins' Whipray Pateobatis jenkinsii (Annandale, 1909): A Case Report
No full textA wild-captive male Jenkins' whipray was found dead in a quarantine tank with a clinical sign before death in the form of decreased appetite for a week. The treatment history was oral administration of enrofloxacin antibiotic tablets. The therapy period lasts for ten days. The last treatment was the administration of Hepavit® (liver extract) and intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin antibiotic. One day before the death, blood was collected and then examined for the hematocrit and some parameters of chemical blood. The results of blood examination were found a decrease in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, increased glucose level, decreased total protein and albumin levels, and increased globulin level. Anatomical pathology examination was found lesions on the tail, around the eyes, and claspers. Hemorrhagic lesions were found in the mucous layer of the esophagus, stomach, and spiral colon. The blood clot was found under the tunica layer of testicular organs. The liver is damaged by showing a non-homogeneous coloration, organ thickening, congestion, and fragile consistency. Based on the results of the blood examination and was supported by the results of the anatomical pathology examination after death, it is suspected that the fish died due to the condition of septicemia infection during the previous few weeks
Swab Bukal Sebagai Bahan Sexing Piyikan Burung Kenari (Serinus canaria) dan Burung Merpati (Columba livia)
Get PDFTeknik sexing pada burung secara molekuler dengan metode PCR telah banyak dikembangkan, tetapi sampel yang digunakan adalah darah dan bulu yang dianggap invasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efisiensi sampel swab bukal sebagai sumber DNA dalam sexing dengan metode PCR. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor burung kenari (Serinus canaria) yang terdiri dari 6 ekor burung dewasa (3 jantan dan 3 betina) dan 4 ekor kenari piyikan (umur 14 – 18 hari) yang belum diketahui jenis kelaminnya serta 6 ekor merpati (Columba livia) dewasa (3 jantan dan 3 betina) dan 7 ekor merpati piyikan (umur 14 – 25 hari) yang belum diketahui jenis kelaminnya. Amplifikasi fragmen gen dilakukan menggunakan metode PCR dengan pasangan primer CHD1F/CHD1R.Hasil visualisasi produk PCR menunjukkan semua burung jantan dewasa menghasilkan satu band (± 500 bp), sedangkan burung betina dewasa menghasilkan dua band (± 500 bp dan ± 300 bp). Amplifikasi gen dari swab bukal burung kenari muda didapatkan 2 ekor jantan dan 2 ekor betina, sedangkan dari swab bukal burung merpati muda didapatkan 6 ekor jantan dan 1 ekor betina. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel swab bukal terbukti efisien sebagai sumber DNA dalam sexing burung khususnya burung piyikan
Frekuensi Pulsus dan Nafas Sapi Peranakan Ongole Pasca Beranak yang Diinfusi Povidone Iodine 1 %
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui frekuensi pulsus dan nafas saat recovery uterus sapi potong pasca beranak yang diinfusi Povidon iodine 1%. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) yang beranak normal, sehat, umur 4-9 tahun, skor kondisi tubuh 2,5-3,5. Sapi dikelompokkan menjadi 2 yaitu 1). kontrol 2). infusi Povidon iodine 1%. Semua sapi diperiksa secara fisik meliputi kondisi kesehatan umum, penghitungan frekuensi pulsus dan nafas pada hari ke-3 (minggu ke-1), hari ke 38 dan hari ke 68 pasca beranak. Sapi kelompok 2 diberi infusi Povidon iodine 1 % sebanyak 250 ml per-ekor pada hari ke-3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua sapi dalam kondisi sehat dengan frekuensi nafas pada sapi kelompok kontrol hari ke-3, 38 dan 68 berturut-turut adalah 28,80 ± 5,02; 24,00 ± 0,00 dan 25,20 ± 4,38 kali/menit dan pada sapi kelompok perlakuan adalah 27,60 ± 3,29; 22,40 ± 4,34 dan 21,20 ± 5,76 kali/menit. Frekuensi pulsus pada sapi kelompok kontrol hari ke-3, 38 dan 68 berturut-turut adalah 81,60 ± 8,05; 67,20 ± 14,94 dan 62,00 ± 4,90 kali/menit dan kelompok perlakuan adalah 74,40 ± 8,05; 63,20 ± 9,01 dan 72,80 ± 9,86 kali/menit. Uji t-test didapatkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang singifikan (p> 0,05) antara sapi kontrol dan perlakukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sapi PO sehat 3-68 hari pasca beranak mempunyai frekuensi nafas 21,20 ± 5,76 - 28,80 ± 5,02 kali/menit dan frekuensi pulsus 62,00 ± 4,90 - 81,60 ± 8,05 kali/menit