Jurnal Sain Veteriner
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Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) : Penyebab, Epidemiologi, Diagnosa, dan Terapi
Get PDFBovine ephemeral fever (atau 3-day sickness) adalah penyakit demam akut pada sapi dan kerbau yang disebabkan oleh Ephemerovirus dari keluarga rhabdoviridae dan ditularkan oleh vektor arthropoda. Penyakit tersebut biasa terjadi di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Dalam banyak kasus, dampak utamanya adalah pada penurunan produktivitas, produksi susu, kondisi tubuh, gangguan reproduksi, dan periode pemulihan yang lama pada beberapa hewan. Gejala klinis bervariasi pada setiap individu hewan, tetapi pada umumnya diawali dengan demam yang bersifat bifasik melanjut menjadi polifasik. Mortalitas biasanya rendah, namun, peningkatan kasus berakibat fatal telah dilaporkan dalam beberapa wabah akhir-akhir ini. Penyakit ini tersebar luas diberbagai daerah di Indonesia. Secara umum tidak menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang besar, asalkan segera mendapatkan pertolongan medis yang memadai sehingga tidak terjadi komplikasi dengan penyakit lain. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengulas penyebab, metode diagnosa, dan terapi yang dapat dilakukan untuk menanggulangi kejadian BEF
Kajian Metode Aplikasi Sinkronisasi Birahi menggunakan PGF2α pada kambing terhadap kualitas estrus, konsentrasi progesterone dalam darah dan tingkat kebuntingannya
No full text A study of the application method of estrus synchronization with prostaglandin 2 alpha (PGF2α) preparations in local goats in Yogyakarta to determine the effectiveness of estrus synchronization based on the quality of estrus, the concentration of the hormone progesterone in the blood and the level of pregnancy have been done. The low pregnancy rate in goats is caused by a short time of heat and mating behavior that is not clear, resulting in low reproductive performance. The application of lust synchronization technology is expected to solve this problem. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) is commonly applied in Indonesia intramuscularly (IM), while other methods have no known scientific data on the effectiveness of this method. This study used two methods, namely intramuscular (IM) as a control and intravaginal sponge (IS) method. The IM method is a standard method that is commonly used in synchronizing goat estrus, while the IS method with a smaller dose has never been studied scientifically and in detail. This study was to determine the effective dose required in the IS administration of PGF2α hormone in influencing the quality of estrus, progesterone hormone profile, and pregnancy and compared with IM application as a control. This study used 24 goats that had given birth, were not pregnant, aged 3-5 years, had an average weight of 40 kg and were healthy, divided into 3 treatment groups. Group 1 IM PGF2α hormone (8.25 mg / head), group 2 IS PGF2α hormone (5.5 mg / head) and group 3 IS PGF2α hormone (2.75 mg / head). Estrus detection was carried out by visual observation, mating using a trained male, testing progesterone levels with an ELISA kit and pregnancy examination with ultrasound. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and T-Test. The results showed that there was no difference in estrous quality (P> 0.05) at the peak of estrus in each group. Progesterone levels in the IS group with a dose of PGF 5.5 and 2.75 mg / head indicated that the dose of 5.5 mg / head was lower than that in the 2.75 mg / head group. The pregnancy rate of the IM group was not significantly different from the IS group. The conclusion of this research is that synchronization of estrus using PGF2α by IS would to be effectively produce the quality of lust, the level of progesterone in the blood and pregnancy which are not different from the IM administration. The IS method can be applied to synchronization of goats in Indonesia at a lower cost, but the level of efficiency and effectiveness is not different from the IM method which uses a higher dose
Methionine Hydroxy Analog Supplementation to Increase Feed Utilization for Indigenous Sheep
Get PDFIn the tropical area such as in Indonesia, ruminant productivity is relatively low due to, among others, the low quality of nutrition that leads to low-efficiency metabolism at the level of ruminal fermentation, post rumen digestibility, and intermediary metabolism. This study was conducted with the objective to analize effect of methionine hydroxyl analog (MHA) supplementation on ruminal fermentation profiles of Indigenous sheep specifically in the increase of ruminant productivity. In vitro utility test was conducted using rumen fluid of the indigenous sheep and sample of ration having a proportion of grass and concentrate of 30%:70%, on dry matter basis. The treatments were three levels of MHA supplementation; T0: 0%, T1: 3%, and T2: 6% of dry matter (DM) concentrate. Variables measured were dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), production of VFA, NH3, as well as total protein, and molar proportion of partial VFA of rumen fluid. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design (CRD). The 6% MHA supplementation increased OMD with the highest production of total protein from 28.57 mg/g (T0) to 40.49 mg/g (T2) (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the lowest ratio of acetate : propionate was from 2.74 (T0) to 2.33 (T2) (P<0.05). It can be concluded that supplementation of MHA up to 6% in the concentrate increases the performance of Indigenous sheep ruminal fermentation and feed utility
KORELASI ANTARA PADAT TEBAR DENGAN INFESTASI EKTOPARASIT PADA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DI TAMBAK SUPER INTENSIF
No full textTeknologi budidaya udang yang sudah banyak digunakan di pertambakan di Indonesia, adalah teknologi budidaya yang menggunakan pola super intensif, dengan menggunakan padat tebar yang tinggi, yaitu lebih dari 150 ekor/meter persegi. Padat tebar yang tinggi tersebut dapat mengakibatkan kondisi air sebagai media mengalami penurunan, sehingga menyebabkan udang mengalami stres dan penurunan pertahanan tubuh, sehingga udang akan mudah terserang penyakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara padat tebar dengan infestasi ektoparasit protozoa pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) pada tambak super intensif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Survei, dengan Rancangan Penelitian Cross Sectional Study, pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode proporsive sampling, yang dilakukan di daerah pertambakan di Kabupaten Tuban. Sampel udang yang diambil masing-masing sebanyak 50 ekor dari 3 petak tambak dengan padat tebar 150, 200 dan 300 ekor/m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ektoparasit yang ditemukan pada udang vaname yang dipelihara pada tambak dengan padat tebar tinggi (super intensif) adalah Zoothamnium, Epistylis dan Vorticella, dengan intensitas berturut-turut sebesar 278,32 ; 391,34 dan 466,02 dengan derajat infestasi berat, pada semua udang yang dipelihara baik pada padat tebar 150, 200 dan 300 ekor/m2. Tidak ada korelasi antara padat tebar dengan infestasi ektoparasit pada udang vaname pada tambak super intensif, dengan nilai R = 0,394, adanya peningkatan padat tebar tidak diiringi dengan infestasi ketiga genus ektoparasit tersebut
Keracunan Coklat (Theobroma Cacao) pada Anjing: Manajemen Terapi dan Pencegahan
Get PDFChocolate poisoning has long been recognized as a common cause mostly in dogs, although many species aresusceptible. Contributing factors include indiscriminate eating habits and readily available sources of chocolate.In general, the poisoning resulted from a lack of public knowledge of the health hazard to dogs that may beimposed by these products. Chocolate is derived from the seeds of the plant Theobroma cacao, and the main toxiccomponents are the methylxanthine alkaloids theobromine and caffeine, causing gastrointestinal, cardiovascularand central nervous signs. Diagnosis is based on history of exposure, along with clinical signs. Amphetamine orcocaine toxicosis, and ingestion of antihistamines, antidepressants, or other CNS stimulants should be consideredin the differential diagnosis. Stabilization of symptomatic animals is a priority in treating chocolate toxicosis.Although there is no specific antidote, supportive management includes induction of vomiting and administrationof activated charcoal, oxygen, and intravenous fluids. Preventing exposure is the key to reducing the incidenceof these poisoning episodes. Therefore, it is important to increase the knowledge of dogs owners with regard tofoodstuffs that must not be fed to dogs and should be stored outside their reach. This paper aims to briefly describethe clinical symptoms, treatment and prevention of chocolate poisoning in dogs
Bacterial Detection Causing Subclinical Mastitis on Etawah Crossbreed Goat in Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta Province
Get PDFResident in Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta Province has another income sector, that is dairy goat (Etawah Crossbreed) farming and they have been joining into farm group, which is called Kelompok Ternak. There are many bacteria that causing dairy goat intra mamary infection, thus the milk production will be contaminated. Two hundred and four (204) milk samples from 103 lactation goat in four farm groups in Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta is used in this study. Out of these, 21 samples (10,29%) were detected strong positive (++ and +++) for subclinical mastitis by using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Among this positive result, the next step was bacteria detection. This tests were held in Preclinic Laboratory Animal Health Study Program, Vocational School, UGM. The samples were inoculated in blood agar, then colony was identify by Gram staining. The next steph is biochemical tests using McConkey Agar (MCA) and eosin methylene blue (EMB) as a selective media for Gram negative bacteria, manitol salt agar (MSA) as selective media for Staphylococcus, sugar fermented broth (glucose, lactose, mannitol, maltose, and sacharose), Kigler iron agar (KIA), lysine iron agar (LIA), motility indole ornithin (MIO), and Simmon’s citrate. The result was Staphylococcus aureus (80%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (20%), Escherichia coli (10%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%).
Karakter Morfologi Rambut Kelompok Cervidae Indonesia
Get PDFIdentification through animal hair character is one of a very important forensic tool given the high level of animal trade in Indonesia, one of which is the deer family (Cervidae). Indonesia has four species of Cervidae, there are Rusa timorensis (Javan deer), Rusa unicolor (Sambar deer), Muntiacus muntjak (Barking deer) and Axis kuhlii (Rusa Bawean). Until now, no information about the morphological character of Indonesian cervidae’s hair. In this study, we used 30 shaft/individual/species from Javan deer (8 individuals), Sambar deer (5 individuals), Barking deer (5 individuals) and Bawean deer (5 individual) from specimens collection of Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and field collections. Hairs were analyzed for macroscopic and microscopic, with several parameters of morphology, cuticular structure, medula, cross-section, and medullary index. The result showed that the special character of this family was filled lattice medulla structure and can be used for species identification
Deteksi Brucella abortus dari Sampel Darah-Utuh dengan Uji Polymerase Chain Reaction Tanpa Ekstraksi DNA
Get PDFAbstract Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that cause a significant economic losses for cattle industries worldwide. A rapid, precise and accurate diagnosis technique for diagnosis of brucellosis in all stages of the infection is definitely required. Blood-samples are widely used for PCR-based DNA analysis because they are easily collected, handled, and processed. Direct PCR analysis without DNA extraction has been attempted to reduce time and costs for routine analysis. This approach is promising but is still limited by the presence of PCR inhibitors that is naturally found in the blood samples. The objective of this study was to compare the effectivity of direct PCR technique with or without DNA extraction for detection of Brucella abortus in the blood samples. Three whole-blood samples from brucella infected dairy cattle and five whole-blood samples from beef cattle that having abortion were used as samples in this study. A pair of bcsp31 primers and IS711 primers were used for amplification of genus-specific and species-specific of Brucella. The results showed that amplicon in the position of 223 bp and 498 bp that are specific for B. abortus were detected from all of the samples that were analyzed on 1.5% agarose gels. Based on the result it could be concluded that direct PCR analyses without DNA extraction is a sensitive, specific, simple, rapid and inexpensive assay for detecting B. abortus in the whole blood samples for either dairy or beef cattle and therefore it could improve the existing surveillance and control programs for brucellosis. Keywords : brucellosis; direct PCR; PCR inhibitor; whole-blood sample; without DNA extraction Abstrak Brucellosis adalah penyakit zoonosis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang signifikan bagi industri ternak di seluruh dunia. Teknik diagnosis yang cepat, tepat dan akurat yang dapat digunakan untuk diagnosis brucellosis pada semua tahap infeksi sangat diperlukan. Sampel darah banyak digunakan untuk analisis PCR berbasis DNA karena mudah untuk dikoleksi, ditangani, dan diproses. Metoda PCR langsung tanpa didahului dengan ekstraksi DNA dikembangkan dengan tujuan penghematan waktu dan beaya untuk analisa secara rutin. Tehnik ini sangat menjanjikan tetapi memiliki keterbatasan karena adanya senyawa penghambat PCR yang secara alami terkandung di dalam sampel darah . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan efektifitas antara uji PCR secara langsung dengan ekstraksi dan tanpa ekstraksi DNA untuk deteksi Brucella abortus di dalam darah. Tiga ( 3 ) sampel darah-EDTA yang berasal dari sapi penderita brucellosis dan 5 sampel darah-EDTA dari sapi potong yang mengalami abortus digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pasangan primer bcsp31 dan primer IS711 untuk amplifikasi gen dan species specific digunakan dalam penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa amplikon/pita pada posisi 223 bp dan 498 bp yang spesifik untuk Brucella abortus terdeteksi dari semua sampel yang dianalisa dengan gel agarosa 1,5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji PCR secara langsung tanpa didahului dengan ekstraksi DNA merupakan tehnik yang sensitif, spesifik, sederhana, cepat dan murah untuk deteksi B. abortus di dalam sampel darah baik sapi perah maupun sapi potong dan oleh karena itu diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki program kontrol dan survailance yang telah ada untuk brucellosis. Kata kunci : brucellosis; PCR langsung; penghambat PCR; sampel darah-utuh; tanpa ekstraksi DN
HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN PERMUKIMAN DENGAN LUAS PERMUKIMAN TERHADAP SEBARAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Get PDFKota Banda Aceh merupakan daerah endemis penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Kasus DBD di Banda Aceh selalu fluktuatif dari tahun ke tahun sehingga perlu dianalisis hubungan lingkungan terhadap sebaran DBD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan kepadatan permukiman dengan luas permukiman terhadap sebaran demam berdarah dengue (DBD) di Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode interpretasi visual dan overlay dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan metode survei berdasarkan studi cross-sectional. Survei dilakukan terhadap kepadatan permukinan dan dikaitkan dengan kejadian demam berdarah dengue (DBD) secara spasial. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung menggunakan alat Global Positioning System (GPS) untuk melihat sebaran DBD dan data interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh untuk melihat pola kepadatan permukiman. Sedangkan data skunder dari Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Banda Aceh dan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Banda Aceh. Jumlah sampel adalah seluruh penderita DBD tahun 2017 berjumlah 236 orang yang tersebar di Kota Banda Aceh. Data di analisis menggunakan ArcGIS dan diolah secara statistik menggunakan Chi-Square. Daerah kepadatan permukiman jarang sebesar 46,7% memiliki 3 titik kasus DBD katagori tinggi, daerah kepadatan permukiman sedang sebesar 34,4% memiliki 7 titik kasus DBD katagori tinggi dan daerah kepadatan permukiman padat sebesar 18.9% memiliki 5 titik kasus DBD katagori tinggi. Hasil uji statistik memperlihatkan nilai P>0,05, artinya tidak ada hubungan kepadatan permukiman dengan kejadian kasus DBD di Kota Banda Aceh.Tidak terdapat hubungan kepadatan permukiman dengan luas permukiman terhadap sebaran demam berdarah dengue (DBD) di Kota Banda Aceh
Pengembangan Media Transpor untuk Koleksi Sampel Preputium, untuk deteksi Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis
Get PDFCampylobacter fetus subsp. Venerealis (Cfv) is bacteria causing contagious genital diseases in cows called Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis (BGC) or vibriosis. Isolation of Cfv is difficult, because the bacteria are fragile and need specific nutrients and oxygen (5-10%). The transport media is very important to maintain Cfv survival before culturing in laboratory. The aim of this study was to modify a new transport media as an alternative media for Cfv. Modification media capability was compared to Weybridge media, and Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). All transport media was contaminated by Cfv with concentrations of 105, 104, 103, 102, 101 (CFU/ml), and was stored for <6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours in each transport medium before culturing on blood agar, all in triplicate. The quality of transport media was analyzed based on bacterial growth on blood agar. PCR test was used as a confirmatory test of growing bacteria cultured on blood agar. Based on culture results, Cfv stored inthree transport mediums for <6 hours, Cfv grew on blood agar from all concentration levels provided. Cfv stored for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours on PBS did not grow, whereas on modification and Weybridge media, the bacteria could grow, and enrichment occurs at all concentration levels given. This study indicated the media modification can be used as an alternative transport medium for Cfv bacteria