Jurnal Sain Veteriner
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Identifikasi Molekuler Bakteri Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus Penyebab Mastitis Subklinis pada Ternak Kambing Perah
Get PDFMastitis merupakan radang pada glandula mammae (ambing) ternak perah. Mastitis tipe subklinis sering dikaitkan pada kejadian mastitis di peternakan ruminansia kecil seperti kambing perah (kambing Peranakan Etawah, Saanen, dan Sapera). Patogen utama yang berperan dalam kejadian mastitis ini adalah genus Staphylococcus. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi bakteri Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus sebagai penyebab mastitis subklinis pada kambing perah dengan menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Tahapan metode yang dilakukan adalah ekstraksi DNA dengan teknik spin-collumn system terhadap 26 isolat bakteri yang telah dilakukan uji biokimia sebelumnya dan amplifikasi gen spesifik 23s rRNA Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus, serta methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), dilanjutkan dengan visualisasi menggunakan UV-transluminator. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 12 isolat sampel teridentifikasi Staphylococcus sp. dan 1 diantaranya teridentifikasi Staphylococcus aureus. Isolat yang teridentifikasi Staphylococcus aureus bukan termasuk MRSA.
Pemodelan Epidemiologi Kejadian Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Peternakan Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar
Get PDFSifat resistensi bakteri Escherichia coli terhadap antibiotik mengakibatkan terbatasnya pilihan pengobatan. Perkembangan lebih lanjut dari resistensi bakteri dapat menyebabkan munculnya multidrug resistance pada bakteri, sehingga meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit. Interaksi penyebaran kejadian multidrug resistance pada Escherichia coli yang terjadi pada populasi sangat kompleks, sehingga sulit memahami dinamika penyebaran berskala besar. Pendekatan pemodelan menjadi sangat penting untuk pengambilan keputusan tentang program pengendalian penyakit infeksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian epidemiologi deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional study. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistic untuk mendapatkan pemodelan kejadian multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli pada tingkat ternak, dan menggunakan regresi linier untuk mendapatkan pemodelan kejadian multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli pada tingkat peternakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan Distribusi kasus kejadian multidrug resistance pada ayam komersial di Kabupaten Blitar menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian pada tingkat peternakan sebesar 95.9%. Pemodelan kejadian multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli tingkat ternak menghasilkan model regresi logistik ganda Ln () = 0.21964 + 1.60374 RefTS + 1.44989 Broiler + 0.96022 PakRacik + 0.84182 ProgAb – 1.16667 SaniKan – 1.15046 Tritendap, dengan peluang kejadian sebesar 94 %. Pemodelan kejadian Multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli tingkat peternakan menghasilkan model regresi linier, MDR (Y) = 0.57886 + 0.16105 JUMitra + 0.19342 ProgAb – 0.16178 Dukudrh. Model ini memiliki wilk saphiro mendekati 1 (W = 0,9573) sehingga model persamaan ini merupakan model yang baik untuk kejadian Multidrug resistance bakteri Escherichia coli tingkat peternakan
Identifikasi Tipe Dehidrasi dan Profil Elektrolit Mayor pada Pasien Kucing di Rumah Sakit Hewan Prof. Soeparwi dan Beberapa Klinik Hewan di Wilayah Yogyakarta
Get PDFDehydration is defined as a lack of body fluids followed by loss of electrolytes, and changes in acid-base balance. The type of dehydration is limited based on the concentration of sodium in serum at the time of dehydration. Maintenance of osmotic pressure and distribution of several compartments of body fluids are the main functions of the four major electrolytes, namely sodium (Na +), potassium (K +), chloride (Cl‾), and bicarbonate (HCO3‾). Sodium is the most cation in extracellular fluid, most potassium cation in intracellular fluid and chloride is the most anion in extracellular fluid. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of dehydration and to determine the major electrolyte profile in cats in Yogyakarta and its surroundings. This study used 18 sick cats that were thought to be dehydrated, marked by decreased skin turgor, CRT> 2 seconds, and 12 cats that were suspected of having electrolyte balance disorders with symptoms of ascites, uropoetic disorders. Blood was drawn for all cats to measure Pack Cells Volume (PCV) levels. Patient clinical data and patient diagnosis were recorded, cats with changes in serum PCV levels were separated for examination of levels of sodium, chloride, potassium using Seamaty SMT-120V. The type of dehydration is identified based on the sodium level in the serum of a dehydrated cat. The results showed that most of the cat patients were dehydrated had low serum sodium levels (hyponatremia). There was 1 cat patient had low chloride levels. Potassium levels in cats with UT obstruction increased, which led to a decrease in the Na: K ratio. Cat bicarbonate levels did not show any change. From the results of the study it was concluded that dehydration in cats at Prof. Soeparwi is hypotonic dehydration (71%). The sodium profile mostly decreased, chloride and bicarbonate levels did not change, while there were changes in potassium levels in patients with UT disorders. The advice given is to check electrolytes before doing fluid therapy. Prior to electrolyte testing, dehydrated cats can be given a sodium solution.
OBSERVATION OF UTERINE INVOLUTION IN ETAWA CROSSBREED GOATS (Capra hircus) USING TRANSCUTANEUS ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to observe the uterine involution of Etawa crossbreed (PE) goat using transcutaneous ultrasonography (USG). This study used four postpartum female goats that released placenta normally. The goats were examined on lateral recumbence position. Uterine involution was observed daily. The study began from the first day of postpartum period until there were no more reduction of uterine horns lumen diameter. From the 1st to 7th day of postpartum period, ultrasound imaging of the uterine wall showed caruncle which was hypoechoic, lumen of uterine filled with lochia (the image was hypoechoic to anechoic) and a clearly visible uterine horns lumen which had decreased in diameter from 105.9 ± 0.9 mm to 87.2 ± 4.6 mm. From the 8th day to the 14th day, lumen diameter had decreased from 80.4 ± 3.8 mm to 63.6 ± 3.2 mm. The presence of caruncle was reduced and the amount of lochia was decreased (anechoic). From the 15th day to the 21st day, lumen diameter had decreased from 61.4 ± 2.1 mm to 52.1 ± 2.7 mm, and the remnants of caruncle and lochia were still visible. From the 22nd day to the 26th day, the diameter of the uterine wall had decreased from 49.7 ± 0.6 mm to 41.5 ± 6.7 mm, and the lochia and caruncle were no longer visible. From the 26th to the 30th day, uterine horns lumen diameter had still decreased from 41.5 ± 6.7 mm to 31.7 ± 0.9 mm. Uterine horns lumen diameter size had decreased every day, stabilized on the 30th day, and ceased to decrease on the 31st day, where the diameter size was the same as on the 30th day postpartum (31.7 ± 0.9 mm). It can be concluded that the duration of uterine involution in PE goats, which had normal delivery is 30-31 days
Prevalence and risk factors of Cryptosporidium spp. on dairy farms in Bogor
Get PDFCryptosporidial infection is one of the most common causes of diarrhea in humans and livestock worldwide. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection and to identify potential risk factors associated with shedding of oocysts in Bogor. A total of 308 faecal samples were collected from 136 calves less than 6 months, 44 from those 6-12 months and 128 from those than 12 months. Data of factors potentially associated with the likelihood of Cryptosporidium spp. infection were recorded (i.e., enviromental status, size of herd, and herd management). Cryptosporidium spp. oocyst was identified by using modified acid fast (Ziehl Neelsen) staining technique and microscopically examined under 400x magnifition. Results showed that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in Bogor was 21.1% (CI 95%; 16.5%-25.6%). The highest prevalence was 29% (CI 95%; 26.8%-31.7%) in cattle aged less than 6 months. The oocysts abundance were around <5 oocysts per microscopy visual area. Data was analyzed using logistic regression models. Statistical analysis showed that there were association between cryptosporidiosis and calves aged less than 6 months with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.7 (CI 95%; 1.5-5.2) times compared with cattle aged more than 12 months
Undernutrition dan Anestrus Pada Kambing Bligon Betina Umur 2-3 Tahun: Sebuah Studi Kasus
No full textKajian kasus ini ditujukan untuk mengungkap fenomena klinis dan reproduktif yang dialami 5 ekor kambing Bligon betina umur 2-3 tahun yang dipelihara oleh petani di Yogyakarta. Menurut informasi dari pemilik, kambing mengalami kekurusan dan tidak pernah menunjukkan gejala berahi. Hewan sudah diobati dengan ivermectin secara berkala. Pada hewan tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan kajian manajemen pemeliharaan serta observasi dan pemeriksan klinis (pemeriksaan fisik, uii berahi, pemeriksaan sitologi vagina terhadap organ reproduksi)dalam kurun waktu sekitar 60 hari (akhir Juli- awal September 2019). Pada akhir periode observasi hewan diberi perlakuan gertak berahi dengan pemberian injeksi PGF2-alfa dua kali dengan selang 11 hari dan pemeriksaan USG. Hasil pemeriksaan klini hewan tidak bunting, tidak ditemukan adanya ekto dan endoparasit, tidak ditemukan adanya perubahan fisik, dan tanda-tanda penyakit infeksi. Selama masa pengamatan hewan mendapat pakan berupa jerami kangkung pada level sekitar 2% bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan harian yang negatif atau rendah, BCS buruk (1-1,5 dalam skala 1-5), tidak ditemukan berahi, gambaran sitologi bagina didominasi sel parabasal dan transisional, respon terhadap pemberian preparat PGF2-alfa tidak menunjukkan adanya perubahan fisik alat kelamin, perilaku berahi, dan gambaran sitologi apus vagina. Hasil pemeriksaan USG tidak menunjukkan adanya status ovarium yang aktif. Hewan didiagnosa mengalami Undernutrition dan anestrus. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan fisik dan pendukung dapat disimpulkan faktor lingkungan berupa asupan pakan yang rendah dan kondisi tubuh yang buruk berpotensi mengakibatkan gangguan reproduksi pada kambing Bligon betina di masa usia produktif
Mutant Prevention Concentration Siprofloksasin Terhadap Escherichia coli Patogen dari Kloaka Broiler Secara In Vitro
Get PDFMutant prevention concentration (MPC) is an in vitro test used to determine the lowest drug concentration needed to inhibit the growth of a single-step-mutant bacterial subpopulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the MPC value of ciprofloxacin against pathogenic Escherichia coli to obtained the range of mutant selection windows (MSW) of ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is a quinolone group that is included in the Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials for Human Medicine but is also used for the treatment of bacterial infections in production animals. Twenty-four of pathogenic E. coli isolates sensitive to ciprofloxacin were tested to obtain MPC values and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Test the MPC and MIC values to get the MSW range is done by the method of agar dilution. Mueller-Hinton agar containing standard ciprofloxacin was inoculated with 1010 cfu E. coli for the MPC test and 104 for the MIC test. Based on the MPC test results, the MPC value of ciprofloxacin was 4-64 μg / mL (22.96 ± 19.07 μg / mL) and there was one isolate which had an MPC> 256 μg / mL. These results give a wide range of MSW with a lower limit of the MIC value of 0.25 - 2 µg / mL (0.55 ± 0.37 µg / mL) to the upper limit of the MPC value of 4-64 µg / mL (22.96 ± 19.07 μg / mL). Based on the results of this MPC assessment it can be concluded that the dose of ciprofloxacin in production animals has a wide range of MSW that is allow for single-step mutants
Penilaian Risiko Kualitatif Masuknya Rabies Melalui Pergerakan Anjing dari Provinsi Jawa Barat ke Kota Surakarta
Get PDFAbstrak Lalu lintas anjing dari daerah tertular rabies ke daerah bebas rabies masih terjadi di Indonesia. Hal ini menjadi salah satu pemicu terhadap munculnya kasus rabies di daerah bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penilaian risiko kualitatif kemungkinan masuknya rabies melalui pergerakan anjing konsumsi dari Jawa Barat ke Kota Surakarta, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara, kuesioner, pendapat pakar, dan observasi langsung di lapangan. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui kajian literatur, penelusuran publikasi ilmiah, dan dokumen dari instansi berwenang yang tidak dipublikasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian pelepasan dari daerah asal anjing adalah “sedang” dengan ketidakpastian rendah. Tingkat kejadian rabies pada hewan di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2019 sebesar 3,1%. Penilaian pendedahan adalah “tinggi” dengan ketidakpastian rendah karena frekuensi pengiriman anjing konsumsi dari Jawa Barat dilakukan setiap hari. Penilaian dampak adalah “tinggi” dengan ketidakpastian rendah karena ada dampak tunggal yang masuk dalam kategori signifikan di tingkat nasional. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penilaian risiko kualitatif masuknya rabies ke Kota Surakarta adalah tinggi dengan ketidakpastian rendah. Evaluasi kemungkinan kualitatif dapat mempertimbangkan tingkat kejadian rabies daerah asal dan frekuensi pengiriman anjing konsumsi setiap hari yang merupakan masalah penting risiko masuknya rabies.
Tantangan dan Kendala Pengendalian African Swine Fever
Get PDFAfrican Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease that attacks pigs and wild pigs causing economic losses for farms small and large scale. ASF outbreaks that occurred in several regions in the world have caused unrest for the livestock sector. The rapid spread of the ASF virus has resulted in very high pig mortality. ASF virus transmission can occur through direct or indirect contact. Urine and faecal excretion of pigs is an important route of ASF transmission. The ASF virus has three transmission cycles, namely the silvatic, domestic and wild boar cycles. Outbreaks that occur in several countries encourage the strategy of controlling and overcoming the disease through surveillance. ASF disease control that has been carried out includes improving farm biosecurity management systems and limiting the movement of animals and animal products before the ASF vaccine is found
Estimasi Kadar Air Daging Sapi Berdasarkan Luas Area Jejak Air Daging Fresh Meat Water Estimate Based On Meat Water Stain Area
Get PDFDaging sapi mengandung protein tinggi, zat besi, seng, selenium, riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niasin, fosfor, dan asam amino esensial yang dibutuhkan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kadar air daging sapi berdasarkan jejak air daging pada kertas. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengantisipasi pemalsuan daging (gelonggongan). Sebanyak 10 sampel daging bagian silrloin sberat 250gram diambil dari individu berbeda yang telah dipastikan dalam kondisi sehat dan normal dan dipotong di RPH. Daging dibawa dengan kotak pendingin dari ke laboratorium. Sebanyak 100gram daging diuji proksimat dan lima (5) gram untuk uji tekan dengan berat beban sebagai perlakuan yaitu 0,5 kg dan 2 kg selama 5 menit di atas kertas di kertas saring Whatmann no 1. Luas area jejak air daging pada kertas diukur menggunakan planimeter (Planix-5, Tamaya®, Jepang). Data luas area jejak air daging hasil uji tekan dan kadar air hasil uji proksimat dianalisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil uji proksimat menunjukkan kandungan nutrisi daging yaitu kadar air -rata 74,16±1,11%, kadar abu 0,98 ± 0,09%, kadar protein 19,38±1,47%, dan kadar lemak 3,98±2,86%. Rerata luas jejak air daging menggunakan beban 0,5 kg adalah 27,03±14,3 cm2, dan persamaan linier yang dihasilkan kadar air daging (Y)= 72,925+0,046 (P>0,05), sedangakan dengan beban 2 kg menghasilkan luas rata-rata 43,37±15,67 cm2, dan persamaan linier Y = 71,573 + 0,059X (P<0,05). Berdasarkan persamaan linier dengan beban 2 kg maka kisaran luas jejak air untuk daging normal diperoleh dari 1-143 cm2 dengan perkiraan kadar air 71,63-80,01%.