Jurnal Sain Veteriner
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Screening and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Livestock Rumen as Probiotic Candidates
Full text linkPopulation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the rumen of fattening livestock is relatively high and has the potential to be utilized. This study aimed to screen and identify LAB from the rumen as probiotic candidates. The research used rumen liquid from cattle, goats, and sheep collected from slaughterhouses in Bondowoso. The screening and identification processes were conducted at the Livestock Agroindustry Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. The screening included colony morphology, Gram staining, cell shape, catalase test, and Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas production ability. The final identification of potential probiotic bacterial candidates was based on their bile salt tolerance. The results showed that there were LAB candidates with 22 isolates (from sheep/OS), 19 isolates (from cattle/OC), and 18 isolates (from goats/OG). The bacterial colony shape included oval (2OS, 1OC), circular (11OS, 18OC, 12OG), irregular (7OS, 6OG), and spindle (2OS). Colony sizes ranged from small (0.5–1.2 mm: 7 OS, 9OC, 4OG), medium (1.2–3.0 mm: 7OS, 7OC, 7OG), to large (3.0–5.0 mm: 8OS, 3OC, 7OG), with the majority of colonies being white and cream-colored, and a minority being yellow. All bacteria were Gram-positive, with coccus (19OS, 14OC, 2OG) and bacillus (3OS, 5OC, 16OG) shaped cells. All samples were capable of producing CO2 gas, and 50% of the isolates possessed catalase enzymes. Based on bile salt tolerance tests, 15% of the isolates had a survival rate of over 50%. In conclusion, LAB from the rumen, particularly goats, were identified as potential probiotic candidates for further development
TINGKAT EFEKTIVITAS GLOVES STERIL INTRAOPERASI DAN PASCAOPERASI LAPAROTOMI
No full textPenggunaan glove bedah steril untuk tindakan laparotomi dilakukan untuk membatasi kontaminasi lokasi pembedahan oleh bakteri di tangan operator bedah dan dengan demikian mengurangi kemungkinan infeksi pascaoperasi. Pada prakteknya pergantian gloves steril selama proses operasi di kalangan praktisi dokter hewan jarang bahkan tidak pernah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat efektifitas penggunaan gloves steril selama proses operasi (intraoperasi) dan post operasi ovariohisterektomi dengan melihat total kuantitas bakteri yang didapatkan pada sampel gloves steril. Dua belas sampel dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok perlakuan. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 4 sampel. Kelompok 1 adalah kontrol, swab pada gloves steril dilakukan sebelum operasi dimulai. Kelompok 2 adalah swab pada gloves steril yang dilakukan pada menit ke 30 setelah operasi dimulai. Variabel 3 adalah swab pada gloves steril yang diambil pada menit ke 60 (post operasi). Durasi operasi ovariohisterektomi yang dilakukan berlangsung selama 48 menit. Swab dilakukan dengan menggunakan sterile swabs yang sudah dibasahi menggunakan NaCl steril, kemudian permukaan gloves dengan luas sekitar 5 cm x 5 cm diusab dan sampel direndam dalam konikel berisi NaCl steril. Sampel kemudian dikirim ke Departemen Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner FKH UGM untuk pengujian Total Plate Count (TPC). Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diuji statistik menggunakan one way ANOVA. Hasil pemeriksaan TPC menggunkan analisis statistik one way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CFU/ml glove control (4550±5193,9), glove pada menit ke-30 operasi (10075±14747,5) dan glove setelah 60 menit operasi (27000±48764,7). Kesimpulan, tingkat efektifitas glove steril pada menit ke-0, ke-30 dan ke-60 operasi tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan (P>0.05) terhadap jumlah bakteri. Dengan demikian, tidak adanya perubahan signifikan jumlah koloni bakteri selama 48 menit selama operasi berlangsung dan post operasi (menit ke-60), maka penggunaan glove steril tidak perlu diganti dengan syarat tidak terdapat robekan, perforasi mikros atau tusukan pada glove steril
Kontaminasi Salmonella sp. pada Telur Ayam: Studi Komparatif Antara Peternakan dan Pasar Tradisional
Full text linkEggs are a food ingredient consumed daily by the community; eggs infected with Salmonella sp. can cause various health problems. The global prevalence rate of salmonellosis disease based on data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in 2019 stated that it was 4.22 per 100,000 population with a mortality rate due to salmonellosis of 1.72%. The end of this study was to see the comparison of Salmonella sp. contamination in chicken eggs in terms of differences in location on farms and in the Sukowono market. This study included 70 randomly selected chicken eggs from two different locations, namely chicken farms and traditional markets in Sukowono sub-district, using the egg shell swab method, and then bacterial culture was carried out using SSA (Salmonella Shigella Agar). The prevalence of Salmonella sp. contamination in the chicken eggs examined was 25.7%. There was a significant difference in the comparison of Salmonella sp. contamination in chicken eggs in terms of differences in location on farms and market traders. Eggs from farms have lower Salmonella sp. contamination compared to eggs from traditional markets.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Salmonella sp. pada Usus Ayam yang Telah Diolah dengan Proses Marinasi dan Penumisan
No full textBakteri Salmonella sp. merupakan salah satu bakteri flora normal pada ayam yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit enteritis di manusia apabila terkonsumsi melalui bahan pangan, salah satunya usus ayam yang terkontaminasi. Adanya kontaminasi dapat dicegah melalui proses marinasi dan penumisan usus ayam. Namun demikian, bahan pangan yang telah diproses dan disimpan dalam waktu terlalu lama memiliki risiko kontaminasi kembali dari lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat pengaruh proses marinasi dan penumisan serta lama penyimpanan terhadap bakteri Salmonella sp. yang berada di usus ayam. Sebanyak empat kelompok sampel usus ayam (mentah, marinasi, penumisan dengan lama penyimpanan 1 jam dan 6 jam) disiapkan dari tiga lokasi pasar yang berbeda. Setiap kelompok sampel kemudian dilakukan penanaman pada media MacConkey Agar (MCA) untuk dihitung jumlah koloninya serta dilakukan isolasi dan identifikasi melalui pewarnaan gram, penanaman pada media Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SSA) dan Xylose-Lysine Deoxycholate Agar (XLDA), serta melalui uji biokimia. Hasil perhitungan bakteri menunjukkan bahwa proses marinasi dapat menurunkan jumlah bakteri pada usus ayam rata-rata sebesar 81,42%, sedangkan lama penyimpanan menyebabkan usus ayam terkontaminasi kembali. Hasil isolasi dan identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa bakteri yang mengontaminasi usus ayam bukanlah Salmonella sp., melainkan bakteri Proteus sp. yang kemungkinan berasal dari usus ayam yang dicuci menggunakan air yang sudah terkontaminasi bakteri tersebut
Relationship between Postpartum Diseases and Success of First Artificial Insemination in Dairy Cattle
Full text linkKetosis, mastitis, metritis, and LDA are diseases that often occur during the first two weeks of lactation and cause significant economic loss. The relationships between ketosis, mastitis, metritis, LDA, and several combinations of diseases and the first artificial insemination were discussed. This study aimed to describe the effect of diseases diagnosed during the postpartum period on the success of artificial insemination. This study was conducted using an observational cross-sectional approach. A total of 341 data samples were obtained, which consisted of 103 cattle without disease, 107 cattle diagnosed with ketosis, 51 cattle diagnosed with metritis, 5 cattle diagnosed with LDA, 20 cattle diagnosed with a combination of ketosis and mastitis, 20 cattle diagnosed with a combination of ketosis and metritis, and 6 cattle diagnosed with a combination of mastitis and metritis. Data analysis was carried out using bivariate analysis and tested using the chi-square test. The P values for ketosis, mastitis, metritis, LDA, ketosis-mastitis, ketosis-metritis, and mastitis-metritis were 0.756, 0.099, 0.972, 0.261, 0.276, 0.276, and 0.450, respectively. This study suggested that a history of disease during the postpartum period did not significantly affect cattle first artificial insemination
Evaluasi Struktur Ginjal dan Eritrogram Itik Hibrida Setelah Pemberian Imbuhan Pakan Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
No full textFeeding hybrid ducks with low nutritional quality may cause growth and health disorders, such as changes in the kidney structure and erythrogram. Moringa leaf meal contained antioxidants and nutrients that had the potential to be used as a feed supplement to support the growth and health of hybrid ducks. The aim of this study was to evaluate feed inclusion of moringa leaf meal on the kidney structure and erythrogram of hybrid ducks. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, including K0 (feed without moringa leaf meal), K1, K2, and K3 were feed treatments with the addition of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% moringa leaf meal, respectively, each repeated 6 times. The measured variables of kidney structure included renal corpuscle diameter, renal corpuscle density, proximal tubule diameter, and distal tubule diameter. Erythrogram variables included erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. Data were tested and analyzed using ANOVA with a 5% significance level. The study results showed that moringa leaf meal supplements had no effect (P > 0.05) on the kidney microstructure and erythrogram of hybrid ducks. The conclusion of this study was that moringa leaf meal supplements had the potential to maintain kidney structure and erythrogram, thus ensuring the healthy physiological status of ducks
Physical and Microbiological Milk Quality of Ettawa Crossbreed Goats In Sempu District, Banyuwangi
Full text linkThis study is to evaluate the quality of milk generated by Ettawa crossbreed goats in Sempu District, Banyuwangi. A total of 30 raw milk samples were collected from Ettawa crossbreed goats, aged 3 to 4 years, across 6 different farms. The organoleptic testing method was employed to evaluate the physical properties of milk samples. Furthermore, tests for specific gravity and pH were conducted. Subsequently, the Total Plate Count (TPC) and Most Probable Number (MPN) methods were utilized to evaluate bacterial presence. The organoleptic evaluations validate that the goat's milk samples adhere to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-3141-2011 and the Thai Agricultural Standard (TAS) 6006-2008. The mean specific gravity of goat's milk is 1.0316 g/mL, whereas the average pH value is 6.45. The findings indicate that the specific gravity meets the criteria set out by the TAS 6006-2008. The pH value of 6.45 is below the threshold established by TAS. The mean TPC result complies with the Standard Limit SNI, which is under 1x10⁶ CFU/mL. Coliform levels in the milk samples adhere to SNI requirements (below 1 x 10² CFU/mL). The statistics indicate that the milk from the Ettawa crossbreed in Sempu District, Banyuwangi, satisfies the minimal standards set by TAS (2008) and SNI 7388-2009. Despite coliform levels conforming to the average standard, this examination indicated the presence of coliforms in multiple farms. Therefore, it is essential to provide heat treatment or pasteurization to the milk before its ingestion by the general populace
Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Penyembelihan Halal Ayam pada Pedagang Ayam Potong di Pasar Tradisional Kota Bogor
Full text linkBogor menjadi daerah dengan mayoritas penduduk muslim di Jawa Barat yaitu 96,67% dari total penduduk. Konsumen muslim sangat mementingkan aspek halal, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan daging yang merupakan sumber utama protein. Penyembelihan ayam yang dilakukan di pasar tradisional umumnya dilakukan oleh pedagang ayam yang tidak diketahui keabsahannya di bidang penyembelihan halal pada ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat pengetahuan pedagang ayam yang melakukan penyembelihan mandiri di pasar tradisional Kota Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan survei melalui wawancara secara langsung pada pedagang ayam yang melakukan penyembelihan ayam mandiri dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu metode sensus. Data hasil dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram. Pedagang ayam memiliki pengetahuan yang masih masuk ke dalam kategori cukup terkait aspek kehalalan dalam penyembelihan ayam, yaitu sekitar 68,57%. Pedagang dengan pengetahuan baik masih memiliki nilai yang cukup rendah yaitu sekitar 14,29%. Tingkat pengetahuan paling rendah pedagang ayam berada pada aspek penanganan setelah penyembelihan yaitu pada waktu pengeluaran darah ayam. Pedagang ayam potong masih memiliki pengetahuan yang salah terkait jenis pisau yang dapat digunakan untuk penyembelihan. Permasalahan dalam aspek teknik penyembelihan yang masih kurang yaitu penanganan leher ayam yang salah. Pelatihan dapat mempersiapkan juru sembelih yang memiliki kompetensi dari segi aspek teknis kesehatan masyarakat veteriner, aspek kehalalan, dan kesejahteraan hewan. Pengetahuan perlu ditingkatkan dengan pelatihan, pengawasan dan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pedagang ayam mengenai penyembelihan halal pada ayam
Evaluation of Blood Biochemistry and Level Function of Friesian Holstein Dairy Cows Fed UMMB Based on Cocoa Pulp as a Molasses Substitute
No full textCocoa pulp is a mucous membrane tissue that wraps cocoa beans and high in carbohydrates that have the potential to substitute the use of molasses in the production of UMMB for FH dairy cows. This study aims to evaluate the effect of molasses substitution with cocoa pulp to produce UMMB on blood biochemistry and liver function of FH dairy cows. This study used a completely randomised design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications. 15 Lactating dairy cows were divided by treatment: no UMMB supplementation (P0); supplementation of 500 g UMMB without molasses filler substitution (P1); and supplementation of 500 g UMMB with 50% molasses filler substitution with 50% cocoa pulp (P2). The treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on blood glucose and blood urea levels. The highest blood glucose and urea levels were sequentially obtained in P2, P1 and then the lowest was obtained in P0. The treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on SGPT and SGOT levels. The highest SGPT levels were sequentially obtained in P1, P2, and then the lowest were obtained in P0. Then, the highest SGOT levels were sequentially obtained in P0, P2, and the lowest were obtained in P1. The use of 50% cocoa pulp as a substitute for molasses as a filler to produce UMMB does not affect blood biochemical levels and liver function of FH dairy cows.ah FH
The Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude of Slaughterhouse Workers in Relation with Cattles' Fascioliasis as an Effort to Prevent Halzoun Syndrome in Jember
No full textPrevalensi fascioliasis pada sapi di Jember mencapai 56,6%, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi di Indonesia sekitar 6,9 miliar rupiah. Mengonsumsi hati sapi mentah atau setengah matang yang terkontaminasi cacing Fasciola spp. dewasa dapat menyebabkan sindrom halzoun, yaitu reaksi hipersensitivitas yang mengenai mukosa bukafaring dan saluran pernapasan atas. Pencegahan sindrom halzoun yang efektif memerlukan penerapan prinsip “ASUH” oleh pekerja rumah potong hewan, yang harus memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan sikap proaktif terhadap tugasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap pekerja rumah potong hewan dengan prevalensi fascioliasis pada sapi sebagai upaya pencegahan sindrom halzoun di Jember. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional, dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan pada 35 pekerja di 9 rumah potong hewan di Jember pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan Desember 2024. Analisis menggunakan Uji Fisher's Exact. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai p untuk pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap fascioliasis pada sapi masing-masing adalah p=0,103 dan p=0,592. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap petugas rumah potong hewan dengan prevalensi fascioliasis pada sapi sebagai upaya pencegahan sindrom halzoun di Jember