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Aktivitas Tripsin Inhibitor Selama Pembuatan Tempe Kara Benguk (Mucuna pruriens), Kacang Tolo (Vigna unguigulata), dan Gude (Cajanus cajan)
No full textPenelitian aktivitas tripsin inhibitor yang diukur dengan metoda agar dilakukan pada tahapan proses pembuatan tempe kara benguk, tempe kacang tolo dan tempe gude dengan menggunakan inokulum Rhiropus oligosporus NRRL 2710 dan inokulum usar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas tripsin inhibitor pada masing-masing kacang-kacangan tersebut mempunyai kecenderungan pola yang sama. Penurunan aktivitas tripsin inhibitor sebanyak 91 - 97% terjadi selama tahapan proses perendaman, pengupasan kulit dan pengukusan, sedangkan selama fermentasi terjadi peningkatan sebesar 45 - 72% terhadap aktivitas semula. Aktivitas tripsin inhibitor tempe yang dibuat dengan inokulum mumi Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL 2710 berkisar 1,3 - 3 kali lebih besar dan pada tempe dengan inokulum usar
Pengaruh Variasi Diet Zat Besi dan Tempe Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol, Trigliserida, dan Peroksida Lemak dalam Serum Tikus
No full textTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh variasi zat besi dan tempe dalam diet terhadap kadar kholesterol,trigliseridadan peroksida lemak dalam serum tikus. Sumber protein pakan adalah kasein dan tempe. Tikus putih jantan umur sapih (strain Wistar)sebanyak 36 ekor dibagi menjadi enam keiompok dan diberi pakan diet I, II, IIIIV, V dan VI. Diet I dan II dibuat dari protein kasein yang disubstitusi tempe sebanyak 10 dan 20%, diet III dan V, sumber proteinnya kasein sedang diet IV dan VI sumber proteinnya adalah tempe. Kandungan zat besi dalam diet berturut-turut sebanyak 26, 22, 43, 36, 110, dan 103 ppm untuk diet I, 11,111, IV, V, dan VI. Percobaan dilakukan selama satu bulan dan pada akhir percobaan tikus dibunuh dan dianalisis kandungan kadar kholesterol serta trigliserida dalarn serum menggunakan Kit, peroksida lemak dalam serum menggunakan metoda TBA. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar jumlah tempe dalam diet, semakin rendah kadar kholesterol dan kadar MDA dalam serum. Semakin tinggi kandungan zat besi dalam pakan berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi pakan meningkatnya kadar kholesterol, trigliserida dan MDA. Hasil percobaan ini memperkuat potensi tempe di dalam mencegah oksidasi lemak dan efek tempe di dalam menurunkan kadar kholesterol darah. Konsumsi zat besi yang berlebihan memberikan dampak yang kurang baik
Modifikasi Model Hidrologi Tangki Sugawara Untuk Analisis Regim Air di Lahan Sawah Beririgasi
No full textModel hidrologi tangki Sugawara telah dimodifikasi dan diterapkan di lahan sawah beririgasi, dengan kajian kasus di petak tersier BP 1 Ka di DI Pijenan. Hasil kaliberasi model menunjukkan bahwa model dapat menampilkan unjuk kerja yang cukup memadai. Model selanjutnya digunakan untuk analisis regim air di petak irigasi tersier tersebut, dengan membagi regim air menjadi lima komponen, yaitu: (a) pemberian air irigasi, I; (b) evapotranspirasi aktual, Eta; (c) perkolasi, P; (d) air yang keluar dari petak, Qo; dan (e) kehilangan air tak terkontrol, L. Rata-rata jumlah air untuk masing-masing komponen diperoleh: I = 9,06 mm/hari (1,05 It/dt/ha); Eta = 3,69 mm/hari; P = 1,25 mm/hari; Qo = 1,63 mm/hari (0,19 It/dt/ha); dan L = 6,21 mm/hari (0,72 It/dI/ha). Nilai efisiensi pemberian air irigasi di petak tersebut selama penelitian berkisar antara 21% hingga 75%, dengan rata-rata sebesar 42%. Sedangkan untuk pemberian air irigasi yang optimal diperoleh angka 1,3 It/dt/ha
Pengukuran Kecepatan Aliran Bermuatan Sedimen di Saluran Irigasi
No full textStudy on the measurement of flow velocity in sediment-laden flow was carried out in Van Der Wig* irrigation Canal, Yogyakarta. Study was conducted in various of canal conditions and various of sediment concentration. Flow velocity was measured by using current meter and water sample was collected by using suspended sampler. Result of study shows that velocity distribution data can be suited by the power-law, although it does not seem to fit with equation that presented by Munson which is suitable with non-sediment laden flow in open channels. Due to the deviation on power-law graph, in order to find the average-measured-velocity which is match with the actual-velocity, the point of measurement should be 0,71 D (from the free water surface). The point of measurement at 0,6 J) such as already established by regulation will give an error about 14,35%
Pengujian Biologis Makanan Bayi dengan Bahan Pokok Sagu dan Tepung Tempe Terhadap Pertambahan Berat Badan Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
No full textA formulation of infant food made from mixture of sago Strach, tempeh flour, milk powder and corn oil gave a normal body weight of the growth of rates at normal physical conditions relating to the activities, hairs skin, eye colour and tail colour. The total feed intake individual macronutrient of the ingredients increased the body weight, which fitted the multiple regression equation: Y =-38,57 + 0,37 x1 + 0,75 x2 - 4,08 x3, - 2,60 x4+ 1,71 x5. By using this equation, a certain body weight might be reached by manipulating the X variables. The increase In body weight was significantly dependent on the quantity and quality of protein intake
Optimasi Model Persediaan Bahan Baku (Raw Material Inventory Model) Pada Industri Kecil Kelompok Pangan Produk Unggulan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
No full textProblems on raw material inventory in food sector small scale industry have been of classical and yet no solution is achived. Specific characteristics found out, such as seasonal, perishasble, and post harvest losses have a significant influence on set up, distribution and warehousing cost. Consequence price fluctuation was observed. Excessive storage capacity means ineffective capital usage, contrarily, too low storage capacity can strike productive line lead to customer unsatisfaction. Optimum model approach on inventory has been taken using constant consideration on several storage and production planning characteristics. Optimum inventory model was developed through direct field observation on individual characteristic of raw materials and its fullfliness characteristic and their link to production planning. QS Software was used to solve EOQ analysis. The object research consist of 4 kinds of small scale industries, that are : emping melinjo (Gnetum g nem on), geplak, tofu (traditional food of soybean material) anda bakery small industries. The result shown that the inventory model of small scale industries Is affected by production rate. Case on emping melinjo industries, the inventory model consist of: (i) inventory model based on lead time greater than zero (ii) in ven tory model based on tolerance of raw material-shortage and (iii) inventory model based on constant production rate (replenishment model). Using the inventory model optimized in this research, raw material distribution controlled by government can be improved. Analysis show that the reorder point and order interval can be reduced (in cased of sugar and flour raw material). Fluctuation pricing of raw material provoque augmentation of total cost and order interval (in case of coconut raw material)
Pola Produksi Etilen, Respirasi, dan Sifat Sensoris Beberapa Buah Pada Kondisi Udara Terkendali
No full textOne method to prolong the selflife of fruit is to control the atmosphere at a low temperature. In This research, the composition of the standard atmosphere (CO2 : 02 : N2) was 0,03% : 21% : 78%, and the composition of the control atmosphere of CO2 : 02 : N2 were (0% : 10% : 90%), (0% : 5% : 95%), (5%, 10%, 85%), and (5% : 90%). The research goal was to detect athylene production using a spectometer photoacustic, respiration rate using a respirator, and determine the sensory of fruit. The Fruits used in the research are apple (Mains syvestris Mill.), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.), guava (Psidium guajava), chico (Manilkara Zapota Linn), avocado (Persea americana Mill.), and banana (Musa paradisiaca). The final results of the research suggested that generally fruits in control atmospheres determine ethylene production and respiration rate are lower than standart. The sensory of fruit in the control atmosphere is the same, too. The quality of fruits is the control atmosphere combinated temperature 10°C was better than the standart. The control atmosphere with composition CO2 5%, 02 5%, N2 90% resulted the best quality fruit
Produksi Asap Rempah Cair dari Limbah Padat Rempah dengan Cara Pirolisa
No full textThe new product liquid of moke from solid wastes of spices were produced by pyro 'zation for development the extraction process. The research materials were solid wastes from distillation of spices. Pyrolization process was carried at 150, 200, 250 and 300°C for 30 minutes each process. The products were evaluated for antimycrobial and antioxidation activities as well as sensory qualities. The results indicated that antimycrobial activities of the spices liquid smokes from "Eugeria" leaf and "Zingiber" increased with an increasing of pyrolization temperature while spices liquid smoke from "Citronella" leaf was higher at 150°C and decreased with increasing temperature. The antioxidation activities of spices liquid smokes were varied depended on pyrolization temperatures. The flavor of spices were dominant at 150°C pyrolization, and have a moderate mixed flavor of spices and smoke at 200°C pyrolizatio
Pengaruh Pretreatment Secara Alkalisasi-Resistive Heating terhadap Kandungan Lignoselulosa Jerami Padi
Get PDFCellulose is a potential biomass that is used for bioethanol production and commonly present in agricultural residues like rice straw. Cellulose is an important material to produce glucose and bioethanol, but it is covered by lignin and hemicellulose bonds to form a lignocellulose. Bioethanol production using basic material containing cellulose requires special attention in the process of pretreatment for lignin degradation process and increase the accessible surface and decrystallize cellulose. The aim of this research was to apply alkalization and resistive heating combine method for rice straw pretreatment process before further being converted into bioethanol and to determine the effects of heating temperature and NaOH concentration on the content of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The reactor had been designed for resistive heating process. Rice straw that was resized into 100 mesh has dissolved with 0.03 M, 0.05 M, and 0.07 M NaOH and heated with resistive heating temperature of 75 oC, 85 oC, and 99 oC. Cellulose is a raw material that will be further converted into glucose. So that, the selected optimum conditions of this study were pretreatment with the highest increase of cellulose content level until 8.88% and resulted decreasing levels of lignin (1.39%) and hemicellulose (4.33%) by temperature 75 oC and 0.07 M NaOH concentration. Resistive heating that combine with alkalization can be used for rice straw pretreatment process that reduce lignin and hemicellulose content as well as increasing cellulose content. ABSTRAKSelulosa merupakan biomassa yang potensial digunakan untuk produksi bioetanol dan banyak ditemukan di residu pertanian seperti jerami padi. Selulosa merupakan material penting yang dapat dikonversi menjadi glukosa kemudian dikonversi menjadi bioetanol, namun selulosa pada alam dilapisi oleh ikatan lignin dan hemiselulosa menjadi lignoselulosa. Pembuatan bioetanol berbasis selulosa membutuhkan proses pretreatment yang berfungsi untuk mendegradasi ikatan lignin, meningkatkan luas permukaan biomassa dan dekristalisasi selulosa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh alkalisasi resistive heating pada proses pretreatment jerami padi sebelum dikonversi lebih lanjut menjadi bioetanol dan mengetahui pengaruh suhu pemanasan serta konsentrasi NaOH selama pretreatment terhadap perubahan kandungan lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Sebelum dilakukan penelitian dilakukan perancangan reaktor resistive heating. Jerami padi ukuran 100 mesh dilarutkan pada larutan NaOH dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,03 M, 0,05 M, dan 0,07 M, selanjutnya dipanaskan pada reaktor resistive heating dengan variasi suhu pemanasan 75 oC, 85 oC, dan 99 oC. Selulosa merupakan senyawa yang akan dikonversi lebih lanjut menjadi glukosa. Sehingga pada penelitian ini dipilih kondisi optimum berdasarkan peningkatan selulosa tertinggi hingga 8,88% serta penurunan lignin dan hemiselulosa sebesar 1,39% dan 4,33% pada perlakuan suhu pemanasan 75 oC dan konsentrasi NaOH 0,07 M. Alkalisasi resistive heating dapat diterapkan pada pretreatment jerami padi karena dapat mengurangi kandungan lignin dan hemiselulosa serta meningkatkan kandungan selulosa