agriTECH
Not a member yet
1394 research outputs found
Sort by
Karakteristik Fisik Beras Analog Instan Berbasis Tepung Jagung dengan Penambahan k-Karagenan dan Konjak
Get PDFInstant analog rice is a form of product development from analog rice that is ready for consumption without the need to be cooked first but only needs to be soaked in boiling water for 3-5 minutes. The main challenge in developing instant analog rice is to reduce rehydration time while maintaining the integrity and texture of the rice produced. Hydrocolloids in the form of κ-carrageenan and konjac with concentrations of 0.5‒10.0%, both as a single additive and in combination, were added to the corn-based analog rice formula. Then, their effects on the physical characteristics of the instant analog rice were studied. The addition of κ-carrageenan and konjac in combination at a concentration of 5% each (KK10) showed the best results. This instant analog rice had a lower degree of breakage and bulk density, 2.02% and 0.39 g/mL, respectively. It showed a more hollow rice microstructure than the control and other combinations. KK10 instant analog rice can be rehydrated by soaking in boiling water for 3.5 minutes. The rehydrated rice had high grain integrity, with hardness, springiness, and chewiness values of 548.14 g; 0.86; and 229.76 g, respectively
Rancangbangun Starter Elektrik Portabel untuk Mesin Traktor Tangan
Get PDFIndonesian farmers used to utilize crank to turn on hand tractor machine till today. It may make operators weariness and potentially raised work accident. The purpose of this study was to design a portable electric starter for hand tractor machine. Moreover, the study was addressed to evaluate the performance of the design. The minimum rotational speed (n) and initial torque (T) in decompression and non decompression conditions were adopted to calculate the minimum power (P) requirement. The minumum power of decompression and non decompression were 572.78 watts (≈ 0.74 hp) and 841.75 watts (≈ 1.09 hp), respectively. These values used as a reference in determining the main components, namely the wet type 12 volt battery and the serial type direct current starter motor. The next step, set up additional components, transmission mechanism, as well as concept of portable electric starter. The design was realized by construction and assembly process. A performance test was carried out on the prototype. The performance test of non decompression showed 1.88 seconds for working time, 264.56 Joules for workload (operator), 363.20 rpm for rotating speed and 0.68 watt hours for power requirement. Overall, application portable electric starter indicated better performance than crank. This study proved a high preference of operator on application of portable electric starter in decompression conditions
Perubahan Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Profil Sensori Bekatul Fermentasi dari Varietas Sintanur dan Inpari 24
Get PDFBekatul atau rice bran adalah lapisan luar dari beras yang terlepas pada saat proses penyosohan dari beras pecah kulit menjadi beras. Salah satu kendala peneriman konsumen pada bekatul adalah mutu sensorinya. Oleh sebab itu, salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu sensori bekatul dilakukan dengan fermentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh jenis kapang, varietas bekatul (padi), dan lama fermentasi terhadap perubahan kandungan total senyawa fenolik (TSF), aktivitas antioksidan, dan profil sensori bekatul fermentasi dari dua varietas padi (Sintanur dan Inpari 24). Fermentasi dengan metode Solid-state fermentation menggunakan perlakuan jenis kapang yaitu Rhizopus oligosporus, R. oryzae dan kombinasi keduanya, dengan lama waktu fermentasi masingmasing adalah 48, 72 dan 96 jam. Analisis kandungan TSF dengan metode Folin-ciocalteu, analisis aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH, dan analisis profil sensori menggunakan metode Projective mapping (Napping®) dengan panelis tidak terlatih berjumlah 75 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan varietas padi, jenis kapang dan waktu fermentasi menghasilkan nilai TSF dan aktivitas antioksidan yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05). Bekatul Inpari 24 memiliki nilai TSF dan aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bekatul Sintanur (p<0,05). Nilai TSF dan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi pada bekatul Inpari 24 yang difermentasi dengan kapang R.oligosporus selama 48 jam dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 4,16±0,3 mg GAE/g BK dan 86,11 %. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan korelasi positif antara kandungan TSF dan aktivitas antioksidan kedua varitas bekatul fermentasi (r=0,82). Analisis sensori menunjukkan bahwa panelis mampu membedakan atribut sensori pada sampel yang diujikan
Development of Yellow Sweet Potato and Red Kidney Bean-based Instant Cream Soup for Pregnant Mothers with Chronic Energy Deficiency
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop an instant cream soup formula composed of yellow sweet potato and red kidney bean for maternal chronic energy deficiency. The selected formula is acceptable based on organoleptic test. In addition, the food formula is expected to meet nutritional needs, including protein, fat, carbohydrate, energy, and vitamin A. Amino acid score and in vitro protein digestibility were also measured to verify whether or not the product of the formulation has high protein quality. The instant cream soup was composed of yellow sweet potato and red kidney bean. Additional ingredients that were added to increase the nutritional value and sensoryattributes of the instant cream soup included soy protein isolate, egg white flour, maltodextrin, red palm oil, onion, garlic, leek, celery, chicken broth, fresh cream (cooking cream), black pepper, and salt). This experimental study used a randomized factorial design in laboratory. The treatment unit included two factors: provision of yellow sweet potato and red kidney bean consisting of three levels (50%:50%, 75%:25%, and 25%:75%) and addition of maltodextrin consisting of two levels (0% and 5%). Hedonic organoleptic analysis showed that theselected formula comprised 75%:25% yellow sweet potato and red kidney bean and 5% maltodextrin addition (F5). Nutrient content analysis revealed that the product contained 3.85% moisture, 3.15% ash, 30.19% protein, 14.18% fat, 48.63% carbohydrate, 443 kcal energy, 17.67% dietary fiber, 87 ppm β-carotene, and 77.21% protein digestibility. This study also showed that methionine and cysteine were the limiting amino acids in the selected product with a score of 47%. Acceptability from 100 pregnant women was assessed, and results showed that 87% of pregnant women accepted the product. These results indicate that this product has the potential to be an alternative snack for maternal chronic energy deficiency because of its nutritional values
Prevalensi Kapang Okratoksigenik dan Kandungan Okratoksin A pada Kopi Selang Semende
Get PDFKecamatan Semende, Kabupaten Muara Enim merupakan daerah penghasil kopi dengan produksi mencapai 92% dari komoditi hasil pertaniannya. Kopi selang adalah istilah lokal untuk kopi yang dipanen pada Desember- Juli sebelum musim panen raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi kapang oktratoksigenik dan kandungan okratoksin A pada kopi selang Semende. Sejumlah 40 sampel kopi selang dikumpulkan dari petani (buah dan biji kopi beras), pengumpul (biji kopi beras), dan pengolah (bubuk kopi). Sampel dianalisis kadar air, mutu mikrobiologi dan kandungan okratoksin. Rata-rata kadar air buah kopi dan biji kopi asal petaniditemukan sebesar 69,88% dan 13,90%, sedangkan biji kopi asal pengumpul dan bubuk kopi asal pengolah sebesar 13,45% dan 2,97%. Kadar air biji kopi sedikit melebihi ketentuan dalam SNI yaitu 12,5%. Rata-rata angka lempeng total dan angka kapang-khamir pada bubuk kopi di tingkat pengolah adalah 1,90 Log CFU/g dan 1,99 Log CFU/g, masih memenuhi persyaratan yang berlaku untuk bubuk kopi. A. niger ditemukan pada buah kopi asal petani (50%), biji kopi asal petani (90%) maupun pengumpul (90%) dan pada bubuk kopi (30%). A. ochraceus hanya ditemukan pada biji kopi petani (10% ) dan bubuk kopi (30%). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kapang pencemar sudah ditemukan sejak dari tingkat petani. Walaupun demikian, kandungan okratoksin A relatif rendah dan masih memenuhi persyaratan yang ditentukan (maksimum 5 ppb). Okratoksin A pada biji kopi asal pengumpul ditemukan pada kisaran 0,86 ppb-2,81 ppb, sedangkan pada biji kopi asal petani sebesar 0,14 ppb dan pada bubuk kopi asal pengolah sebesar 0,19 ppb
Efektivitas Tutupan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) dalam Mitigasi Erosi Tanah oleh Air Hujan
Get PDFAktivitas manusia yang intensif terhadap lahan menyebabkan erosi dipercepat. Dampaknya yaitu tanah dari wilayah hulu terpindahkan ke wilayah hilir menyebabkan dampak serius. Tanaman penutup tanah memiliki peranan penting dalam pengurangan erosi tanah dengan cara mengurangi energi kinetik air. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi dan menganalisis rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) dalam mengurangi limpasan permukaan dan erosi tanah. Penelitian ini bersifat ekperimental dengan menggunakan simulator hujan. Simulator hujan yang digunakan memiliki ukuran 200 cm (T) x 120 cm (P) x 120 cm (L) dan memiliki 10 nozzle, dapat mensimulasikan intensitas hujan dan kemiringan lereng. Parameter yang digunakan dalam simulasi ini yaitu intensitas hujan sebesar 54,59 mm/jam, kemiringan lereng sejumlah 5 kelas. Intensitas hujan dipilih dengan pertimbangan simulasi pada intensitas hujan sangat lebat serta keterbatasan alat dalam meproduksi variasi intensitas hujan. Plot uji berukuran 80 cm (P) x 50 cm (L) x 30 cm (T) sebanyak 10 plot yang terdiri dari 2 jenis yaitu dengan rumput dan tanpa rumput. Pengukuran setiap plot dilakukan selama 60 menit dan dilakukan pengambilan data setiap 2 menit. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan pada limpasan permukaan dan sedimentasi, sedangkan analisis kualitatif dilakukan terhadap bentukan erosi. Temuan dari penelitian ini yaitu tutupan rumput gajah mampu mengurangi akumulasi limpasan permukaan hingga lahan dengan lereng miring (15-25%). Tutupan rumput dapat mengurangi erosi sebesar 98,85% yang didekati menggunakan parameter turbidity. Tanah di lokasi kajian memiliki karakteristik fisik yang rentan terhadap erosi, sehingga tutupan lahan khususnya rumput gajah sangat berperan dalam mengurangi potensi bahaya erosi
Aktivitas Antioksidan Bubuk Sargassum hystrix Selama Penyimpanan pada Suhu Berbeda
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of storage temperature on the antioxidant activity of Sargassum hystrix. Samples were collected from Sepanjang Beach Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, and dried, pulverized, and then stored for two months at room temperature (17-33 °C), refrigerator (4 °C) and freezer (-18°C). Furthermore, the samples were tested every two weeks to determine their water content, total phenol, DPPH, and FIC. Also, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed for two months before and after storage. The results showed that the water content increased after treatments, along with storage time which ranges from 8.55 to 14.27 %. Total phenol before storage was 175.73 mg GAE/g extract, and freezing has the highest total phenol levels after storage which was 22.07 mg GAE/g extract. Also, DPPH testing showed S. hystrix has anIC50 value of 0.45 mg/mL, and refrigeration has the lowest IC50 value of 3.18 mg/mL. FIC test showed IC50 value of 1.44 mg/mL, and freezing has the lowest FIC IC50 value of 15.36 mg/mL. In addition, GC-MS sample analysis before storage detected 8 compounds with antioxidant activity of 86.96 %. After two months, they were detected at room temperature, refrigerator, and freezing which are 4, 3, and 8 compounds respectively
Pengaruh Bubur Pisang Isomaltosa-oligosakarida dan Fibercreme terhadap Kadar Glukosa dan Lipida Darah serta Profil Digesta Tikus Diabetes
Get PDFDietary fiber and resistant starch are known to be beneficial in lowering both glucose and lipid concentration in human. Fibercreme, a fiber rich product has been developed. It is a commercial non-dairy creamer that uses various oligosaccharides such as Isomaltose-oligosaccharides (IMO) or inulin as fiber source to replace the glucose component of conventional creamer. In this study, IMO and fibercreme were used to replace sucrose of the banana porridge. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine porridge effects on glucose, triglyceride, serum cholesterol and digesta profile in diabetic STZ-NA induced rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups and fed four different diets including the standard (KS and KN), banana porridge with sweetener IMO (BP+IMO), fibercreme (BP+FC) and (BP + Sukrosa). In these diets, porridge subtituted 30% energy of the standard diet, and the intervention was conducted for 28 days. It was found that banana-IMO porridge showed the lowest decrease in serum glucose level with 56.09%, followed by banana-fibercreme (47.61%) and bananasucrose (36.61%). Furthermore, similar trend was found in their cholesterol-lowering effects with 36.82%, 25.68% and 7.86% respectively. However, triglyceride level effects were highest in banana-IMO porridge (9.06%), followed by banana-sucrose (6.47%) and banana-fibercreme (3.72%). In addition, sucrose replacement with IMO increases weight and water content, as well as decrease caecal digesta pH. However, fibercreme increases only water content and does not decrease caecal digesta pH
Pengaruh Drajat Penyosohan terhadap Mutu Fisik dan Nilai Gizi Beberapa Jenis Beras
Get PDFHigh hulling process decreases the nutritional value and rice quality including milled rice because the macronutrient contained in the aleurone is wasted. Therefore, this study aims to ascertain the effects of hulling level on the quality and characteristics of red rice, black rice, and white rice, which would help produce high quality milled rice. Linear regression method was used, and the contents analysed were moisture, fat, ash, carbohydrate, anthocyanin, quality, rendemen, starch digestibility, and color. The results showed hulling would affect the proximate content and physical characteristics of milled rice. Also, low hulling of black rice produced the highest physical score, with high anthocyanin, and low starch digestibility which was good for diabetic consumers
Sifat Fisik, Amilograf, dan Morfologi Pati Biji Lai (Durio kutejensis) Asetilasi Menggunakan Asetat Anhidrat
Get PDFLai (Durio kutejensis) seed starches have a high retrogradation ability and low paste stability so that its function in food industry is less widespread. This phenomenon can be overcome by starches modification, such as acetylation using asetat anhidrat as modifying agent. This study aims to observe the physical properties of acetate starch such as swelling power and solubility, morphological characteristics, and amylographic properties (retrograde rate, viscosity, gelatinization temperature) and the results will be compared to native starch. Lai seed starches was acetylated using asetat anhidrat 3% and 4%, the reaction time variation was 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes and the reaction pH used ranged from 8-8.5. Acetylation with a different amount of asetat anhidrat (3% and 4%) and different time of reaction (15, 30, 45, 60 min) give an optimum result of DS in 4% of asetat anhidrat with 15 minute of reaction time. DS that reached at those condition is 0.22 and has the same tipe as native starch (tipe A). The result of FTIR shown that there’s a new peak at 1735 cm-1 was a part of carbonyl group and the weakening of hydroxyl group peak of acetate starch. Acetylation decreased the final viscosity from 1472 cP to 1170 cP, setback value from 172 cM to 31cP, and breakdown from 798 cP to 350 cP. Meanwhile, the pasting temperature increased after acetylation from 71.82 °C to 76.05 °C. These result indicate that acetylation increased the resistance of retrogradation, and high pasting stability