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Peningkatan Sifat Bioactive Edible Film dengan Menggunakan Filtrat Bubuk Gambir dan Minyak Sawit Merah
Get PDFPenelitian edible film berkembang pesat dari tahun ke tahun khususnya peningkatan sifat fungsionalnya seperti antimikrobia dan antioksidan dari bahan aktif alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sifat bioactive edible film dengan memanfaatkan senyawa katekin dari ekstrak tanaman gambir dan senyawa β-karoten dari minyak sawit merah. Metode yang digunakan dua faktor perlakuan dengan tiga kali pengulangan untuk setiap perlakuan dan data hasil penelitian diolah menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap factorial. Faktor perlakuan: konsentrasi filtrate bubuk gambir (A1: 20, A2: 30, A3: 40)%(b/v) dan konsentrasi minyak sawit merah (B1: 1, B2: 1,5, B3: 2)%(v/v). Aktivitas antioksidan bioactive edible film dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh perlakuan filtrate bubuk gambir dan kuat tekan oleh minyak sawit merah. Kedua perlakuan ini berpengaruh nyata terhadap persen pemanjangan. Berdasarkan seluruh parameter, perlakuan A3B3 (filtrat bubuk gambir 40%, minyak sawit merah 2%) merupakan perlakuan terbaik, dengan ketebalan 0,041mm, persen pemanjangan 32,14%, kuat tekan 111,60 gf, laju transmisi uap air 61,15 g.m-2.hari-1, aktivitas antioksidan 14,09 ppm, dan aktivitas antibakterinya lemah
Pengaruh Nanokalsium terhadap Kekuatan Gel Kamaboko Ikan Mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus)
Get PDFIkan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) merupakan ikan konsumsi dan memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi. Peningkatan produksi ikan mujair terus meningkat pada industri fillet dan olahan produk sehingga berdampak pada melimpahnya hasil samping, salah satunya tulang. Kandungan kalsium tulang ikan sebanyak 36% yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan menjadi nanokalsium. Salah satu pemanfaatan nanokalsium di bidang pangan yaitu dengan melakukan penambahan nanokalsium untuk memperbaiki kekuatan gel kamaboko. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan nanokalsium dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik fisik kamaboko dan konsentrasi terbaiknya. Kamaboko diproduksi dengan menambahkan surimi ikan mujair dengan nanokalsium tulang ikan mujair pada konsentrasi 0%, 0,5%, 1% dan 1,5% (b/b). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan nanokalsium dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kekuatan gel, expressible moisture content, kadar kalsium, dan uji lipat kamaboko. Konsentrasi nanokalsium 1% efektif dapat meningkatkan kekuatan gel 49,32.% dan uji lipat 34,69 %, menurunkan nilai expressible moisture content 61,73%, serta memperbaiki kenampakan morfologi gel menjadi padat tidak berongga, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi kadar kalsium kamaboko
Trend Analysis of Red Chili Price-Formation Models
Get PDFRed chili’s characteristic flavor has been a popular element in Indonesian cuisine. A large and continuous demand for red chili is inconsistent with production volumes, causing frequent and extreme price fluctuations throughout the year. This study explores the changing trends in red chili prices to identify the influencing factors. The study was conducted in the Sleman district of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Time-series datasets of monthly production rates and prices of chili for 3 years were subject to multiple linear regression analysis. The study found a rising trend in prices in the Sleman Regency from January 2014 to December 2016. The factors significantly influencing the red chili prices was the price of cayenne pepper. The production cost of chili, the price of tomatoes, and the price of chili for the previous 2 months had only partial and nonsignificant effects. The timing of great Muslim celebrations, such as Eid Al-Fitr and Eid Al-Adha had no significant effect on the price of red chili. However, Christmas and New Year events were associated with higher prices
Pengaruh Penambahan Kacang Tunggak (Vigna Unguiculata) terhadap Komposisi Proksimat Nasi Kecambah Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (L) Moench)
Get PDFSorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench.) merupakan bahan pangan lokal yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti beras. Sorgum memiliki kadar protein tidak tinggi, sehingga proses substitusi dengan kacang-kacangan atau proses perkecmabhan biji sorgum diharapkan menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan kadar protein produk berbasis sorgum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik proksimat nasi sorgum dan nasi kecambah sorgum tersubstitusi kacang tunggak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif eksperimental dengan perbandingan sorgum atau kecambah sorgum dengan kacang tunggak sebesar 90:10, 70:30 dan 50:50. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan komposisi proksimat nasi sorgum mengalami perubahan seiring dengan meningkatnya substitusi kacang tunggak dan perkecambahan. Semakin besar substitusi kacang tunggak meningkatkan kadar protein dan kadar abu namun menurunkan kadar air, kadar lemak, dan kadar karbohidrat nasi sorgum sedangkan perkecambahan sorgum cenderung menaikkan kadar protein dan kadar air namun menurunkan kadar abu, kadar lemak dan kadar karbohidrat nasi kecambah sorgum
Design Conformity of Indonesian-Made Mini Rice Combine Harvester and Anthropometry of Javanese Farmers
Get PDFThe combine harvester in Yogyakarta Province Special Region has a small size because it is used to harvest rice in a narrow area. The purpose of this study is to determine which parts of the mini combine harvester machine are not ergonomic and need to be improved so that the operator can work comfortably and safely. The types of mini combine harvester machines investigated in this study are QUICK H140R, TANIKAYA Ironbee HT12, and JAP001. Results showed that, for the three combine harvester machines, there was a mismatch in the physical size of the engine and the anthropometry of the operator. The main problems of the mini combine harvester machine are less ergonomic seat, inappropriate placement of the control table, hand activity in the maximum area, narrow workspace for leg movements, and less supportive footstep for the operator to work while standing. This information is expected to be utilized by Indonesian mini combine harvester machine designers so that the new design of combine harvester machines will be ergonomic, safe, and comfortable
Pengaruh Fortifikasi Vitamin A dan Zat Besi Terenkapsulasi pada Tepung Ubi Kayu dan Aplikasinya pada Pembuatan Flakes
No full textFortification is one of the promising techniques for decreasing micronutrient deficiency problem, particularly in vitamin A and iron cases. This research aimed to investigate the effect of encapsulated vitamin A and iron fortification on cassava flour and its application on flakes product. Cassava flour was fortified with 5.6 mg/kg of encapsulated vitamin A (retinyl palmitate) for a single treatment, and also combined with 31 mg/kg of encapsulated iron (FeSO4.7H20). Non-fortified cassava flour was used as control. Results showed no significant differences in water content (10.09±0.24 – 10.71±1.76) and the cassava flour’s whiteness degree (98.11±0.13 – 98.85±0.12) for each treatment (p> 0.05). However, with iron levels of (7.42±0.09 – 28.20±0.96) and vitamin A of (0.05). Furthermore, level of iron and vitamin A in flakes was increased, positively correlated with fortificant concentration. Fortification with combined treatment (vitamin A and iron) reduced bioaccessibility of vitamin A (51.24±1.32), but significantly improved bioaccessibility of iron (77.69±1.45). Based on organoleptic test, all fortified flakes were acceptable ±5 (rather preferred) to be consumed
Kombinasi Maltodekstrin dan Whey sebagai Bahan Penyalut padaKarakteristik MikroenkapsulOleoresinKayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanii)
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence using combination of maltodextrin and whey (1:3, 2:2 and 3:1) as wall material due to quality characteristic of cinnamon (Cinnamon burmanii) oleoresin microencapsulan, including yield, water content, solubility in water, microstructure appeareance, cinnamaldehyde content, and residue of solvent. First of all, the oleoresin was reached from extraction using ethanol 96 % for 4 hours. Then the oleoresin emultion was dried using spray drying method. The experimental design used in this research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor (rasio of wall material). The result showed that combination of wall material had significant effect to yield (14,98 - 22,69%), water content (6,20 - 7,04%), residue of solvent (00,50 - 0,63%), cinnamaldehyde content (26,18 - 43,90%), and microstructure appeareance, but unsignificantly affected to solubility in water (92,85 - 95,24%).The aim of this study was to investigate the influence using combination of maltodextrin and whey (1:3, 2:2, and 3:1) as wall material due to quality characteristic of cinnamon (Cinnamon burmanii) oleoresin microencapsulan, including yield, water content, solubility in water, microstructure appeareance, cinnamaldehyde content, and residue of solvent. First of all, the oleoresin was reached from extraction using ethanol 96 % for 4 hours. Then the oleoresin emultion was dried using spray drying method. The experimental design used in this research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor (rasio of wall material). The result showed that combination of wall material had significant effect to yield(14,98-22,69 %), water content(6,20-7,04 %), residue of solvent(0,500-0,629 %), cinnamaldehyde content(26,18-43,90 %), and microstructure appeareance, but unsignificantly affected to solubility in water(92,85-95,24 %)
Perubahan Fisiko-Kimiawi dan Mikrobiologis Minuman Tradisional Bali (Loloh) selama Penyimpanan
Get PDFLoloh is a Balinese traditional beverage made from one or a combination of several herbal extracts. The most popular variants of loloh in Bali are loloh tibah and loloh cem-cem, which are continuously produced every day. During distribution, loloh is stored at room temperature. The study was aimed to study the physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of loloh cem-cem and loloh tibah during storage at room temperature. This study used a purposive random sampling. The samples consisted of 14 loloh sellers in Badung-Denpasar. Type parameters that were observed during a 24 hour-storage at room temperature included pH, total soluble solid, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total plate count, total yeast and mold count. During room temperature storage, the level of total plate count, total mold/yeast of loloh cem-cem and loloh tibah changed significantly. The shelf life of loloh cem-cem was only 12 hours at room temperature (28-30 oC) with the characteristics of pH 2.95, TSS 5.67 °Brix, vitamin C 19.35 mg/100 g, titratable acidity 0.24%, log total plate count 6.48 Cfu/mL, log total mold/yeast 5.01 Cfu/mL. The shelf life of Loloh tibah was only 12 hours at room temperature (28-30 ºC) with the characteristics of pH 3.34, TSS 4.21 °Brix, Vitamin C 10.20 mg/100 g, titratable acidity 0.13%, log total plate count 6.68 Cfu/mL, log total mold/yeast 5.86 Cfu/mL. Beyond the 12 hour-storage, both of the lolohs had higher total colony counts than the upper standard limit
Status Hematologi, Kadar IgG dan IgA Tikus yang Mengonsumsi berbagai Variasi Jumlah Tempe Kedelai Hitam
Get PDFConsumption of black soybean tempe can provide rapid improvement in children with poor nutritional status and/or suffering from diarrhea. The antioxidant activity of black soybean tempe is higher than yellow soybean tempe. This study aimed to examine the effect of the amount of black soybean tempe in the feed on hematological status, IgG levels, and IgA levels of rat blood. There was a total of 6 groups, each containing 5 rats. The rats were kept in animal laboratories at room temperature (25–27°C) for 25 days. The six groups were induced Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) suspension with a concentration of 107 CFU / mL of 1 mL per day for seven days, orally using a feeding tube. Parameters analyzed included hematology status, IgG levels and IgA levels. The administration of black soybean tempe had an effect on increasing hemoglobin levels, the number of erythrocytes and the percentage of hematocrit, and it gave the effect of decreasing the number of leukocytes and platelets of rat blood induced with EPEC bacteria. The group of rats that consumed black soybean tempe had no influence on IgG and IgA levels of blood plasma
Uji Deteriorasi Terkontrol (UDT) untuk Memperkirakan Masa Simpan Benih Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
No full textDeterioration of seeds during storage may reduce the supply of high-quality seeds which become the limiting factor of soybean production in tropical countries. Controlled Deterioration Test (CDT) is one of the fastest vigor testing methods. The objective of this study was to achieve the suitable moisture content and duration of CDT treatment in soybean seed, then establish a model that associated with the seed vigor in the field after a certain time of storage. Split-plot with 2 factors, namely seed varieties and the combination of moisture content and heat exposure duration were used to determine the influence of CDT treatment. Another split-plot for 2 factors, namely storage period and seed varieties were used to determine the effect of shelf life. Viability parameters were observed by germination strength (GS) and seedling vigor index (VI), using a rolled paper towel method. The results showed that there was an interaction between soybean seed varieties and the combination of seed moisture content treatment with duration of CDT exposure. Sindoro and Tanggamus varieties had higher viability and storability than other varieties. Combinations of 28% seed moisture content for 24 hours CDT duration were sensitive enough to evaluate the physiological potential of soybean seeds, providing information that was closely related to seed germination after stored for 1 month.