Göteborgs universitets publikationer - e-publicering och e-arkiv
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PREDICTING THE FUTURE: THE SWEDISH ARMED FORCES ANALYSIS OF RUSSIA
No full textThis thesis examines why the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) failed to foresee Russia’s
military actions, culminating in the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. This study shows
that a combination of theories concerning cognitive bias and organisational problems can
explain the continued failure. The cognitive bias theory, being the rational theory, helps
explain how the SAF analysed Russia, assuming Russia would act rationally and avoid
military actions because of high costs, such as economic consequences and damaged relations
with the West. This belief persisted despite Russia’s actions in Georgia and Crimea, indicating
a failure to recognise Russia’s willingness to accept significant costs for strategic goals. The
theory concerning organisational problems, being the organisational theory, explains why this
belief continued over time. There was a groupthink mentality in the SAF, leading analysts to
not challenge the previous analysis. Because of this, reports often repeated earlier conclusions
and alternative perspectives were not presented to political decision-makers. This groupthink,
centred around the rational theory, made it difficult to question the thought that Russia would
act rationally, even when evidence contradicted it.
The thesis thereby concludes that the SAF’s failure to understand Russia was caused by both
cognitive and organisational issues. The rational theory explains how the SAF viewed Russia
and the organisational theory explains why this belief continued over time. Together, these
two theories explain the repeated underestimation of Russia, acknowledging the importance
of viewing both cognitive and organisational aspects to improve future intelligence work
Tonkvalitet Konstnärlig undersökning av en markör som särskiljer bra från utmärkta violinisters klingande gestaltning.
No full textDetta självständiga arbete undersöker tonkvalitet vid violinspel. Mer specifikt undersöker jag ämnet
genom att söka svar på frågorna hur jag kan arbeta för att förbättra kvaliteten av toner samt vad som
skiljer en ton med hög kvalitet från en utan sådan?
Jag undersöker ämnet genom att arbeta med tre utvalda delar ur Sibelius violinkonsert. Jag applicerar
olika övningsstrategier med målet att hitta effektiva sätt att förbättra tonkvalitet på dessa speltekniskt
varierande ställen. Det mest centrala verktyget är det egna instrumentet och ett experimenterande i
övningsrummet varvat med reflektion och övningsdagbok.
Med hjälp av tidigare forskning undersöker jag definitionen av en högkvalitativ ton, vad det innebär
samt vad små skillnader i kvalitet kan bero på konkret för att sedan kunna åtgärda eventuella briste
Managing nature through drawing: A method study of illustration as a documentation method and tool for maintenance work in park and landscape care
No full textUppsats för avläggande av filosofie kandidatexamen med huvudområdet kulturvård med inriktning mot trädgårdens och landskapsvårdens hantverk, 2025This thesis examines how illustration can be used in park and landscape management as part of
the documentation process and the method for increased understanding of maintenance efforts
and their long-term effects. By incorporating illustrations into the craftsmanship process the study
aims to provide a valuable documentation method, clarify the needs for maintenance in parks and
landscapes, facilitate communication between professionals and raise awareness of the choices
made in the work process. A central part of the work is to explore how illustration can show
changes over time, from planning to implementation and future results. This is done through an
attempt to develop an illustration template. The goal of the template is to demonstrate the
potential of illustration as an important part of the craftsmanship within nature conservation
maintenance. The study includes an illustration project at Gunnebo House and Gardens. By
applying illustration to three areas, it explores how sketches can help document and analyze
changes in vegetation and maintenance efforts. Illustration is also used as a tool to visualize the
appearance of a park environment, document the process of tree release with the help of the
template, and provide follow-up documentation of previous maintenance work. The work also
discusses how illustration can complement documentation methods such as photography and text,
as well as the advantages and limitations of this method. The results show that illustration allows
for detailed observations that photos cannot always capture, but that the method is time consuming. The discussion addresses the potential of illustration as a tool for both documentation
and analysis in park management, comparing its advantages and disadvantages in relation to
photography and tex
När skolan började fungera igen - Återgång till skolan efter problematisk skolfrånvaro för elever med autism
No full textDenna studie handlar om elever med autism som tidigare haft problematisk skolfrånvaro och därefter återgått till skolan. Syftet med studien är att belysa elevers upplevelser av skolåtergång och identifiera de faktorer som kan ha bidragit till deras återgång till skolan. Följande frågeställning kommer besvaras: Vilka aspekter framhåller elever med autism vara betydelsefulla för en skolåtergång?
Tidigare forskning kring elever med autism och problematisk skolfrånvaro har främst riktats mot vårdnadshavare och lärare/specialpedagogers uppfattningar. Forskning kring autistiska elevers skolåtergång saknas till stora delar i nuvarande forskningsfält. När elevers röster fått ta plats i forskning så är det främst utifrån deras upplevelser av frånvaro. Elevens upplevelse kring återgång till skolnärvaro behöver således tydliggöras. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten är en fenomenologisk forskningsansats utifrån ett livsvärldsperspektiv. Metoden som använts är kvalitativ forskningsintervju. Åtta respondenter med elever i åldrarna 13-21 med autism och erfarenheter av skolåtergång intervjuades.
Resultatet belyser tre samverkande områden vilka påverkat elevens skolåtergång; relation, miljöombyte och känsla av tillhörighet. Samtliga respondenter belyser relation till vuxna eller kamrater vara den främsta orsaken till återgång till skolan. Förtroendefulla relationer har främst uppnåtts vid miljöombyte i någon form tillsammans med en individanpassad skoldag. Dessa faktorer har i sin tur lett till en känsla av tillhörighet. Resultatdiskussionen presenteras i tre övergripande teman: Sociala relationer, miljö och tillhörighet som följs av en önskan och individernas möjlighet till påverkan. Svaret på forskningsfrågan kommer tydliggöras med en triangelformad modell. Resultatet av studien kan användas som stöd till rektorer, specialpedagoger och övrig personal i eller utanför skolan
Bebyggelseregistrets Role, Use and Vulnerabilities - Highlighted Through a System Outage
No full textUppsats för avläggande av filosofie kandidatexamen med huvudområdet kulturvård med inriktning mot bebyggelseantikvarisk verksamhet
2025-05-27, 15hp
GrundnivåIn 1998, the Swedish National Heritage Board launched a digital information system to provide accessible information about culturally and historically valuable buildings in Sweden. The system, called Bebyggelseregistret (Swedish Historic Buildings Registry), was developed for professionals in the urban planning process. Due to being poorly managed for several years, the system suffered from issues concerning security, which eventually led to the system being temporarily shut down between January 31 and April 2, 2025. This study investigates to which extent Bebyggelseregistret is being used by heritage professionals, identifies what they use it for and their critical opinions, and most importantly, how they got affected by the temporary system outage between January 31 and April 2, 2025. The aim is to define the role of Bebyggelseregistret as a resource of knowledge within cultural heritage management. Furthermore, by analyzing the temporary system outage through DeLone and McLeans Information Infrastructure Success Model, the study aims to investigate potential weaknesses in cultural heritage managements digital infrastructure overall. From collecting data through surveys and interviews the study indicates that Bebyggelseregistret plays a significant role as a source of knowledge in the cultural heritage management of Sweden, which became particularly evident during the system outage. Analyzing Bebyggelseregistret using DeLone and McLeans IS Success Model revealed weaknesses in the system- and information quality, which indicates that the older system should not classify as a successful information system. This highligh
LEARNING FOR THE FUTURE IN CROSS-SECTOR COLLABORATION: EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL TO ACCELERATE EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN UNINTENDED LEARNING PLATFORMS
No full textAim:
This study aims to investigate whether and how Swedish cross-sector
collaborations for preparedness and regional development may beyond their
operational function contribute to the development of competencies identified
as crucial for addressing future challenges.
Theory:
The theoretical framework builds on transformative learning theory, the
UNESCO (2017) framework for sustainability competence and futures literacy
(Vinnova, 2024). This interdisciplinary framework allows the study to connect
informal learning processes in professional settings to previously identified
competence needs for sustainable and resilient societies.
Method:
A qualitative research design was applied, and semi-structured interviews were
conducted with 11 professionals from public and private sector organizations,
all engaged in cross-sector collaborations. The material was analyzed through
directed content analysis, using the sustainability competencies as
predetermined coding categories to identify patterns of learning described by
participants.
Results:
Findings indicate that several sustainability competencies were present to
varying degrees in participants' reflections. Most prominent were collaboration,
systems thinking, strategic, and anticipatory competencies, some of which align
with the futures literacy concept. Moreover, a potential addition to the
framework was identified and named community awareness. Results suggest
that cross-sector collaborations can support informal learning and competence
development relevant to future societal challenges, even when such outcomes
are not explicitly intended
Ett klick från kredit - En kvalitativ studie om hur BNPL-tjänster marknadsförs och uppfattas av unga vuxna.
No full textAs digital commerce rapidly expands, payment solutions have become an integral part of the shopping process, reshaping the consumer landscape. Real-time accessibility and personalized marketing are now central to modern purchasing behavior. Services like Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) have gained significant market traction and are often marketed as convenient and effortless alternatives. However, the credit aspects of these services are frequently obscured behind a surface of flexibility and ease. As user-friendly and emotionally charged marketing grows stronger, there is an increasing risk that BNPL services are perceived as risk-free and mundane, which can lead to financial decisions being made without a full understanding of the long-term consequences.
The aim of this study is to examine how the marketing of BNPL services influences consumers financial decision-making and their perceptions of credit. A secondary objective is to analyze how the visual design and messaging of this marketing affect consumers sense of control and responsibility. The study is based on two research questions: how the marketing of BNPL services is designed in digital environments, and how this marketing is interpreted by consumers in relation to credit and financial responsibility. To explore consumers perceptions and behavior, we apply a framework that captures both psychological and communicative dimensions. The Theory Of Planned Behavior (TPB) serves as the primary model to investigate the intentions behind the use of BNPL. TPB is complemented by concepts such as framing, nudging, social proof and cognitive dissonance.
Using qualitative research methods, we uncover perspectives that explain consumers choices. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with young adults to gain deeper insights into how marketing designs affects perceptions of BNPL services. To complement these insights, we also conducted visual observations of marketing material in both digital and physical contexts. These observations helped identify recurring patterns in the aesthetic and communicative framing of BNPL offerings.
The findings reveal that the marketing of BNPL services is often designed to appear safe, convenient, and ordinary, which influences how young adults understand the meaning of credit. The analysis shows that attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control (based on TPB) interact with visual and linguistic strategies such as framing, nudging, social proof, and cognitive dissonance. Together, these factors contribute to the normalization of credit use and a reduced perception of risk in impulsive purchase situations. Consumers tend to perceive BNPL as a practical payment method rather than a financial commitment, which may affect their sense of responsibility after the purchase.I takt med att digitala handelns snabba expansion har betalningslösningar blivit en integrerad del i köpprocessen vilket har omformat konsumtionslandskapet. Tillgänglighet i realtid och personifierad marknadsföring har blivit självklara inslag i det moderna köpbeteendet. Tjänster som Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) har vuxit sig starkt på marknaden och marknadsförs ofta som bekväma och problemfria alternativ. Samtidigt döljs ofta de kreditmässiga aspekterna bakom en tilltalande yta av flexibilitet. I takt med att användarvänligheten och marknadsföringen blir allt mer emotionellt laddad, ökar risken för att BNPL-tjänster uppfattas som riskfria och vardagliga. Det kan i sin tur leda till att finansiella beslut tas utan att fullt ut förstå långsiktiga konsekvenser.
Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur marknadsföring av BNPL-tjänster påverkar konsumentens ekonomiska beslut och deras syn på kredit. Det sekundära syftet är att analysera hur marknadsföringens visuella utformning och budskap påverkar konsumenternas upplevelse av kontroll och ansvar. Studien utgår från två frågeställningar: hur marknadsföringen av BNPL-tjänster utformas i digitala miljöer, och hur denna marknadsföring tolkas av konsumenter med avseende på kredit och ansvar. För att förstå konsumentens uppfattningar och beteende används ramverk som fångar både psykologiska och kommunikativa dimensioner. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) används som övergripande modell för att undersöka intentioner bakom användningen av BNPL. För att fördjupa analysen kompletteras TPB med begrepp som framing, nudging, social proof och kognitiv dissonans.
Med hjälp av kvalitativa metoder synliggörs perspektiv som förklarar konsumenternas val. Tio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med unga vuxna för att få en djupare förståelse för hur marknadsföringens utformning påverkar uppfattningen om BNPL-tjänster. För att komplettera dessa insikter genomfördes även visuella observationer av marknadsföringsmaterial i både digitala och fysiska miljöer. Observationerna bidrog till att identifiera återkommande mönster i hur BNPL presenteras estetiskt och kommunikativt.
Studiens resultat visar att marknadsföringen av BNPL-tjänster ofta utformas för att framstå som trygg, smidig och vardaglig, vilket påverkar hur unga vuxna uppfattar kreditens innebörd. Analysen visar att attityder, sociala normer och upplevd kontroll (enligt TPB) samverkar med visuella och språkliga strategier som framing, nudging, social proof och kognitiv dissonans. Tillsammans bidrar dessa faktorer till att normalisera kreditanvändning och minska upplevd risk i samband med impulsköp. Konsumenter tenderar att uppfatta BNPL som en bekväm betalningslösning snarare än ett ekonomiskt åtagande, vilket kan påverka deras ansvarstagande efter köpet
En forskningsöversikt
No full textExamensarbete 1 inom Ämneslärarprogrammet med inriktning 7-9 (L9HK2G). Omfattning: 15 hp. Termin/år: VT/2025. Nivå: Grundnivå. Handledare: Jenny Rendahl. Examinator: Marianne Pipping EkströmMed denna studie vill vi bidra till ökad kunskap om det interkulturella arbetssättet samt hur det kan implementeras i skolans undervisning med fokus på hem- och konsumentkunskaps ämnet. I denna forskningsöversikt undersöks skolans ansvar att möjliggöra förutsättningar och stöd för att lärare ska kunna tillämpa det interkulturella arbetssättet i praktiken. Den metod som denna forskningsöversikt har följt är en systematisk datainsamling, där artiklar har hämtats från två databaser. Urvalet av artiklarna har fokuserats på studier som behandlar interkulturalitet i skolan, undervisningens utformning samt vilka förhållnings- och arbetssätt lärare kan använda. Resultatet visar att ett interkulturellt arbetssätt inte enbart bidrar till att inkludering och respekt för kulturell mångfald, utan även stärker elevernas självkänsla, motivation och förståelse för omvärlden. Slutsatsen visar att implementering av interkulturella perspektiv och arbetssätt i undervisningen gynnar elevernas självkänsla och motivation för utbildningen i skolan
Balancing Open and Closed Innovation - Strategic Considerations in the Development of New Technologies
No full textIn an increasingly globalized and competitive landscape, organizations face growing pressure
to innovate rapidly while maintaining control over intellectual property and strategic assets.
This thesis explores how companies strategically balance open and closed innovation models
to develop new technologies. Through a qualitative multiple-case study of Swedish firms in
the manufacturing, industrial solutions, and technology sectors, the study investigates how
contextual factors such as industry dynamics, organizational capabilities, and project specific
considerations influence strategic innovation decisions. Drawing on semi-structured interviews
with innovation and IP professionals, as well as expert insights, the findings reveal that no firm
operates exclusively within a single innovation model. Instead, organizations adopt hybrid
approaches and adjust their openness depending on the nature of the innovation, collaboration
potential, and IP sensitivity. The research contributes to the field of innovation management
by integrating theoretical frameworks such as the innovation funnel, resource-based view, and
dynamic capabilities perspective. It provides practical insights for managers that demand both
adaptability and protection. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need for dynamic and
situational decision making to effectively balance innovation openness and control
Men and self-harming behavior: A scoping review of explanatory models in scientific literature
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to identify and summarize how scientific literature describes men with self-harming behavior and as the explanatory models used to understand such behavior, as well as to highlight how these models contribute to shaping the understanding of these men. Previous research has predominantly focused on individual, pathological or psychological explanations of self-harm, with women being the normative point of reference. A scoping review was conducted as the methodological framework, resulting in 25 articles being selected, charted and analyzed in order to identify eight explanatory models of self-harm among men. These included biological explanations, minority stress, interpersonal communication, emotional regulation, external factors, comorbidity, masculinity norms and intrapersonal challenges. These models were grouped into three broader fields of understanding: biological, psychological and societal. The material was analysed through the lens of social constructionism and theories of masculinity. This thesis discusses the importance of critically examining which explanatory models are made visible in scientific literature and which are left out. The dominance of psychological and intrapersonal explanations risks reinforcing individualising understandings while structural and societal aspects, such as masculinity norms, are often marginalised. This may influence how men with self-harming behaviors are perceived and supported in both clinical and societal contexts. By highlighting this imbalance, the thesis aims to contribute to a more nuanced and inclusive understanding of self-harm among men